Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk Education

Transcription

1 Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk Education Adthaporn Singhawichai Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (DDPM) Ministry of Interior, Thailand The 2 nd Conference of the OECD International Network on the Financial Management of Large-scale Catastrophes Sep 2009, Bangkok

2 Content PART I: Hazard Ranking in Thailand PART II: Disaster Risk Reduction and Education in Thailand 2

3 PART I: Hazard Ranking in Thailand 3

4 Relative Hazard Risk, Associated Vulnerabilities, Level of their Management and Risk of Disaster Occurrence in Thailand * Hazard Vulnerability Management Risk Flood High Moderate Moderate High Typhoon & Storm surge High High Moderate Moderate Earthquake Low Low Poor Moderate Landslide Moderate Low Poor Moderate Drought High Moderate Moderate Moderate Fire High Moderate Moderate Moderate Explosion High Moderate Poor High Major Accident High Moderate Poor High Epidemic Low Low Moderate Low Pest Moderate Low Poor Moderate Civil Unrest Low Low Poor Moderate Refugee Influx Moderate Low Moderate Moderate * Source : Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Thailand, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), Sponsored by UNDP under THA/88/004, March

5 Rank order of risks of disasters of Thailand* Hazard Subjective Rank Numeric Weight Flood High 2.39 Major Accidents High 2.37 Explosion High 2.34 Typhoon Moderate 2.31 Drought Moderate 2.24 Fire Moderate 2.20 Landslide Moderate 2.15 Earthquake Moderate 1.97 Civil Unrest Moderate 1.92 Refugee Influx Moderate 1.87 Pests Moderate 1.77 Epidemics Low 1.63 * Source: Annex E, Page E4, Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Thailand, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), Sponsored by UNDP under THA/88/004, March

6 Summary of Natural Disaster Impact in Thailand during Disaster type No.of Event No. of people Killed No.of Injuries No. of Affected Cost of damage (USD) Flood ,492 Drought ,457, ,224,742 54,092, ,412,539 Tsunami 1 8,345 8,457 58,550 49,944,309 Storm 12, ,370 38,043,133 Source: 6

7 Summary of Manmade Disaster Impact in Thailand during Disaster type No. of Event No. of Killed No. of Injuries No. of Affected Cost of Damage (USD) Road accident 566,655 65, ,692 n/a n/a Fire 9, , ,689,050 Source: 7

8 Disaster Emergency Relief Expenses Relief categories Disaster Relief Budget Spent (THB) Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Victim assistance 435,298, ,460, ,548, ,529,631 2,864,982,418 Social Work and Victim Rehab Medical and Public Health Vegetation and others - 4,118,752 34,744,062 24,650,900 35,944,071-32,624, ,026, ,823, ,663, ,509,213 1,592,870, ,813, ,983,895 Fisheries - 8,957, ,942,498 87,095,313 85,799,917 Livestock - 13,586, ,527, ,047, ,487,795 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Victim assistance operations 747,847,957 1,041,532, ,323,924,542 3,975,188, ,324,508, ,405, ,099, Total 1,183,146,082 1,578,805, ,994,990, ,208,147, ,832,470,

9 Hazard Ranking in Thailand (According to DDPM s emergency compensation during fiscal year : Disaster Victim Relief Bureau s Annual Report 2008, pp 40) 1. Flood 63.9 % 6. Fire 0.9 % 2. Drought 19.0 % 7. Pest 0.7 % 3. Cold Spell 8.7 % 8. Terrorism 0.4 % 4. Storm 3.0 % 9. Lightning 0.1 % 5. Avian Flu 2.8 % 9

10 Overview of Disaster Management System in Thailand 10

11 Disaster cycle Disaster impact Preparedness During Event Emergency Response Awareness Before Event After Event Prevention and Mitigation Rehabilitation and Reconstruction 11

12 Disaster Management Mechanisms 1. Disaster Management Structure - Policy Level : National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Committee - Operation Level - National - Province - Local authorities 12

13 Disaster Management Mechanisms 2 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan - National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan - Master Plan for each Disaster Sub Type - DPM Provincial Plans - Local Authority Operation Plans 13

14 PART II: DR Education in Thailand 14

15 DRR Mainstreaming at Policy Level Thailand by DDPM has adopted Hyogo Framework for Action which enabled DDPM to work with partners developing Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP). Now, SNAP has already been endorsed by The Cabinet on March 24, 2009 and ready to be implemented country wide. 15

16 DRR Promotion at Operation Level Almost 50% of policies and budget of DDPM are dedicated to strengthening capacity in disaster prevention and preparedness at the community level. 16

17 2.1 Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) 17

18 CBDRM Development of CBDRM approach in DDPM works: CBDRM approach was officially introduced to DDPM in 2003 by ADPC. Experts and knowledge exchange between two organizations was established. CBDRM Train the Trainer was implemented, producing a cadre of competent CBDRM trainers for DDPM and Thailand. 18

19 Development of CBDRM approach in DDPM works (cont d): Two pioneer CBDRM projects supported by international agencies were launched in pilot communities.(trat and Phanga) More technical cooperation projects with different international agencies in different methods and communities were respectively implemented. 19

20 More than five years of experience in CBDRM with experts from different agencies has been teaching DDPM so many precious lessons. Continuity and sustainability of the CBDRM approach, process, and outcomes are keys to the existence and evolvement of a disaster resilient community. How to do that? is what we are now deliberately thinking about. Extension of CBDRM Project: Since 2004, 3,385 villages underwent CBDRM training. 20

21 CBDRM (1/2) 21

22 CBDRM (2/2) 22

23 2.2 Simulation Exercise of Disaster Prevention & Mitigation Plans 23

24 SIMULATION EXERCISE OF DISASTER PREVENTION & MITIGATION PLANS 1. Regional Center Level - 1 exercises/yr. 2. Provincial Level - 2 exercises /yr. 3. District Level - 1 exercise/yr. 24

25

26

27

28 2.3 MOU between DDPM and MOE 28

29 DDPM & MOE had signed MOU on capacity building for teachers and disaster management knowledge dissemination to students since January

30 They launched the project which divided into 3 steps 1) Train the trainer for regional and provincial levels ( Jan Apr 2009) 2) Train the trainer for schools level (since Feb 2009) 3) School training level (since May 2009) 30

31 They wished each school should have youth volunteers to promote safety mind in the school and to stimulate safety culture in the communities. 31

32 SCHOOL TRAINING (1/2) 32

33 SCHOOL TRAINING (2/2) 33

34 DPMA 2.2 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Academy Ministry of Interior, Thailand Opening Ceremony on 15 Dec

35 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Academy Major Activities Develop 43 academy curricular in 5 training areas 1. Fire fighting 2. Collapsed building 3. Hazardous material 4. Civil defence volunteer 5. Disaster Management 35

36 Training Conduct training courses for 5 target groups - Communities - Civil defence volunteers - Local authority staffs - Government officials - DDPM staff 36

37 Campus expanding Extend DPMA to reach target group in region - East ;Prachinburi campus (Fire / Hazmat) - South ;Songkhla campus (Marine rescue) - Upper North ;Chiang Mai campus (Mudslide rescue) - Northeast ;Khon Khen campus (Hazmat / Drought) - South ;Phuket campus (Tsunami) - Lower north ;Phitsanulok campus (Flood / Mudslide) 37

38 6 Campus in Thailand Upper North : Chiang Mai campus Northeast : Khon Khen campus Lower North : Phitsanulok campus East : Prachinburi campus South : Phuket campus South : Songkhla campus 38

39 International co-operations - Japan - Germany - Sweden - ADPC/ UNDP 39

40 Future direction 1. Target group Classified in to 6 groups -Local authority -Related agency - People - Volunteer - DDPM staff - Private sector 40

41 2. Trainers Develop the trainers in * Management skills - CBDRM ( Community Based Disaster Risk Management ) - Civil defence volunteer - Disaster Management - Natural disaster management 41

42 * Specialist skills - Search and Rescue - Road safety driving - Hazardous Material - Fire Fighting etc. 42

43 3. Curricula Develop academy curricular in - Advanced Rescue - Marine rescue - Chief of Municipality Emergency Unit - Advanced rescue - Fire inspector - Fire Commander 43 - Incident commander

44 3. Curricula (cont.) - Trainer of DDPM regional center - Earthquake and Tsunami - Landslide - Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear and Explosives (CBRN) : Terrorist Incident Response - Basic Emergency Response (One Tambon One Search and Rescue Team project : OTOS) 44

45 Capacity building of local authorities One Tambon One Search and Rescue Team (OTOS) 45

46 4. Equipment Set up necessary equipments and instruments for training such as : - SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus) - PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) - Fire engines and Rescue trucks etc. 46

47 47

48 5. Training development - Developing training materials and manuals books. - Developing remote study and VDO Conference. 48

49 THANK YOU