Protection. Environmental. Petróleos Mexicanos s. total emissions and discharges. per unit of throughput. or of crude oil processed

Transcription

1 Petróleos Mexicanos s total emissions and discharges per unit of throughput or of crude oil processed declined 11.4% from 2001 Protection Environmental Emissions and discharges (tons) Total: 1,148,569 PEP 37% PR 49% PGPB 10% PPQ 4% Total emissions and discharges per unit of throughput (tons) Production 332,274,768 Emissions and discharges 1,148, % P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 12

2 TOTAL EMISSIONS AND DISCHARGES Based on data from SISPA, Petróleos Mexicanos s total emissions and discharges decreased 8% -from 1.2 to 1.1 million tons- with respect to 2001, due mainly to reductions in air emissions and discharges to water. PR was the subsidiary that contributed the most pollutants during 2002 (49% of the company s total), due to increases in waste generation and spills and leaks. PEP contributed 37%, PGPB 10% and PPQ 4%. Pemex s total emissions and discharges include air emissions, discharges to water, hazardous waste generation and hydrocarbon spills and leaks. Emissions to air include sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), total suspended particles (TSP) and total organic compounds (TOC). Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is reported in the greenhouse gases section. Total air emissions dropped from 959,726 to 741,177 tons -a 22.8% reduction from This was mainly due to decreases in SOx achieved through the start-up of PGPB s new sulfur recovery plants and to a decline in gas flaring at PEP, and in a lesser measure to TSP and TOC reductions. A 7.8% decrease in CO 2 -from 40.0 to 36.9 million tons- was achieved in the same period, also due to the decline in gas flaring at PEP. Discharges to water include the main pollutants subject to the established environmental legislation s control, such as oils and grease (O&G), total suspended solids (TSS) and total nitrogen (N tot ). A fourth parameter (Others) includes sulfurs, phosphates, phenols and heavy metals. Discharges to water decreased 28% -from 4,226 tons of pollutants in 2001 to 3,044 in due to an overall decline in all parameters achieved through the operation of effluent treatment plants at refineries. The total generation of hazardous wastes rose from 0.28 to 0.38 million tons -a 38% increase from principally made up of drilling muds and cuttings, oily sludges and used oils resulting from the expansion of field drilling, storage tanks cleaning and maintenance and oil changes to equipment. Hydrocarbon spills and leaks include those occurring on land and at sea. The number of events decreased 33% from However, the number of tons of spilled hydrocarbons increased 149% in from 8,031 to 19,995 tons. Crude oil production and processing reported in SISPA during 2002 increased 4% from last year. EMISSIONS AND DISCHARGES (TONS) PEP 173, ,032 2,254 PR 428,531 1, ,693 17,623 PGPB 108, , PPQ 30, ,110 0 Total 741,177 3, ,353 19,995 Change 2001 vs (tons) -218,549-1, ,829 11,964 Change 2001/2002 (%) Air Discharges Hazardous Spilled emissions to water waste hydrocarbons generation Emissions per unit of throughput In recent years Pemex has been developing indices that allow for periodical contrasting between business lines by linking pollutants to specific activities, in order to evaluate the company s environmental performance. Petróleos Mexicanos s total emissions and discharges per unit of throughput or of crude oil processed declined 11.4% from TOTAL EMISSIONS AND DISCHARGES PER UNIT OF THROUGHPUT (TONS) Total emissions Production and discharges % % PEP 424, ,726, PR 563,511 64,549, PGPB 110,983 45,625, PPQ 49,181 5,373, Total 1,148, ,274, S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,

3 AIR EMISSIONS Emissions to air in 2002 totaled 741,177 tons, representing 64.5% of Petróleos Mexicanos s overall emissions and discharges of pollutants. Emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx) accounted for 67%, 12.2% corresponded to nitrogen oxides (NOx), 10.5% to total organic compounds (TOC) and 10.3% to total suspended particles (TSP). Pemex s air emissions decreased 23% with respect to 2001 due to reductions in SOx (28%), TOC (24%) and TSP (8%). NOx increased 4%. SULFUR RECOVERY AT PGPB C A S E: PEMEX GAS Y PETROQUÍMICA BÁSICA IS REDUCING SULFUR OXIDE EMISSIONS TO AIR WITH THE OPERATION OF NINE SUPER CLAUS SULFUR RECOVERY PLANTS AT THE CACTUS, CIUDAD PEMEX AND NUEVO PEMEX GPCS, WITH AN EFFICIENCY OF ROUGHLY 97.5%. THESE FACILITIES HANDLE APPROXIMATELY 95% OF THE NATURAL GAS SWEETENED BY PGPB, WHICH HAS ALLOWED THE SUBSIDIARY TO COMPLY WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR EMISSIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE, THE PRINCIPAL PRECURSOR OF ACID RAIN. THIS IS THE CONTRIBUTION OF PGPB IN 2001, SO 2 EMISSIONS AMOUNTED TO 75 KG PER TON OF PROCESSED SULFUR. THIS SITUATION CHANGED CONSIDERABLY BY THE END OF 2001, WHEN THESE EMISSIONS DROPPED TO 35 KG / TON, DUE MAINLY TO THE CONTRIBUTION OF CACTUS (20 KG / TON), CIUDAD PEMEX (30 KG / TON) AND NUEVO PEMEX (27 KG / TON) -ALL WELL BELOW THE 50 KG / TON LIMIT ESTABLISHED BY US EPA. IN THIS WAY, PGPB PREVENTED THE RELEASE OF APPROXIMATELY 100 THOUSAND TONS OF SULFUR OXIDE TO THE ATMOSPHERE DURING Air emissions (Tons) Total: 741,177 TO THE REGION S ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT. TO CONTINUE WITH THESE ACTIONS, PGPB IS CURRENTLY BUILDING SUPER CLAUS SULFUR RECOVERY PLANTS AT ARENQUE AND POZA RICA, AND PLANS TO INSTALL MORE AT MATAPIONCHE AND CANGREJERA. PEP 23% PR 58% PGPB 15% PPQ 4% P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 14

4 The four subsidiaries reported reductions in 2002, especially PGPB with a drop of 48%. PEP reported a 31% decrease, PPQ 19% and PR 7%. The decrease in SOx emissions was mainly due to the operation of sulfur recovery plants at the Cactus, Nuevo Pemex and Ciudad Pemex GPCs -that reduced their overall emissions by approximately 63% from the previous year- as well as by improved natural gas use. Approximately 67% of the SOx emissions were generated at refineries -11% less than in Tula (22%), Salina Cruz (14.3%) and Cadereyta (12.8%) reported the greatest quantities of SOx emissions. The gas processing complexes facilities generated 11.8% (mainly Ciudad Pemex and Nuevo Pemex, which respectively emitted 5.5% and 2.4%); the PEP marine platforms at the Cantarell asset emitted 11.6%. The system s six refineries generated 34.9% of the TOC emissions -a 2% reduction from The facilities that reported the greatest quantities were Salamanca (11.6%), Madero (9.3%) and Minatitlán (7.9%). PEP s North Region facilities reported 19.4% -2% less than the previous year. 46.9% of the TSP was generated at gas processing complexes -8% less than in Nuevo Pemex (18.7%) and Cactus (17.4%) were the most important generators. Refineries contributed with 26.8% -a 3% increase from Finally, PPQ s Morelos petrochemical complex emitted 16% -19% less than in the previous year. EMISSIONS TO AIR (TONS) PEP 99,721 40,811 1,906 30,885 PR 338,093 32,645 20,606 37,187 PGPB 58,788 9,664 35,760 4,755 PPQ 46 7,043 17,933 5,334 Total 496,648 90,163 76,204 78,162 Change 2001 vs (tons) -191,042 3,340-6,628-24,219 Change 2001/2002 (%) SOx NOx TSP TOC Emissions to air have diminished as a result of more efficient use of natural gas and the operation of new sulfur recovery plants S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,

5 DISCHARGES TO WATER WASTEWATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS AT REFINERIES C A S E: REFINERIES ARE PEMEX S GREATEST WATER CONSUMERS. IN ORDER TO IMPROVE WATER USE EFFICIENCY, THE COMPANY HAS INSTALLED WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IN THE SALAMANCA, CADEREYTA, SALINA CRUZ, MADERO, TULA AND MINATITLÁN REFINERIES, AS WELL AS SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS IN SALAMANCA, MINATITLÁN AND SALINA CRUZ. THE OVERALL VOLUME OF DISCHARGED WASTEWATER WAS REDUCED BY 24.2 MILLION CUBIC METERS IN MOREOVER, DISCHARGES OF ALMOST 1,000 TONS OF POLLUTANTS TO BODIES OF WATER HAVE BEEN PREVENTED. FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION HAS DIMINISHED BY 139 MILLION LITERS PER DAY EQUIVALENT TO THE CONSUMPTION OF A TOWN OF 555,000 INHABITANTS. TRANSFER OF WASTEWATER GENERATED AT PETROQUÍMICA PAJARITOS TO THE MORELOS AND CANGREJERA PCHCS TREATMENT PLANTS C A S E: IN ORDER TO ELIMINATE DISCHARGES TO THE COATZACOALCOS RIVER AND THE TEAPA STREAM, PEMEX CARRIED OUT WORKS TO TREAT WASTEWATER GENERATED BY PETROQUÍMICA PAJARITOS AT THE CANGREJERA AND MORELOS PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEXES WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS. THE SYSTEMS TESTS WERE CARRIED OUT IN JULY AND OCTOBER, 2002, AT CANGREJERA AND MORELOS, RESPECTIVELY. SINCE JANUARY 16, 2003, THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN CONVEYING A FLOW OF APPROXIMATELY 1,500 CUBIC METERS PER DAY. THE WORKS CONSISTED OF BUILDING A PUMPING SYSTEM AND A 15-KM PIPELINE TO CARRY THE WATER TO ITS DESTINATION. THIS WORK WAS ENDORSED IN A TREATMENT CAPACITY STUDY PERFORMED BY IMTA. A mere 0.3% -3,044 tons- of Petróleos Mexicanos total emissions and discharges during 2002 was discharged to water. 66.8% of the total discharge to water was total suspended solids (TSS), 17.9% total nitrogen (N Tot ) and 13.9% oils and grease (O&G). Sulfurs, phosphates, phenols, and heavy metals were grouped under Others and represented 1.4%. Discharges of pollutants to water decreased 28.0% from 2001 as follows: O&G 53.7%, N Tot 32.9%, TSS 16.8% and Others 22.5%. All the subsidiaries reduced their discharges to water, especially PR with a 37.4% drop. PPQ discharged 16.5% less, PEP 10.6% and PGPB 3.0%. Refineries discharged 49.5% of the total oils and grease, 67% less than in Petrochemical complexes discharged 20.0% -a 46% reduction. Gas processing complexes discharged 12.9%, an 8.3% increase from The facilities that contributed the most to O&G discharges were: refineries; Discharges to water (Tons) Total: 3,044 PEP 9% PR 55% PGPB 13% PPQ 23% P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 16

6 WATER USE Cadereyta (17.9%) and Salamanca (11.4%); petrochemical complexes; Cangrejera (6.3%) and Morelos (5.8%); and gas processing complexes; Nuevo Pemex (5.7%) and Cactus (5.4%). As for total suspended solids, refineries contributed 39.8% of the total -30.4% less than in Petrochemical complexes generated 30.6%, a 10.0% reduction. Gas processing complexes discharged 11.4% - 6.2% more than last year. The Salamanca and Cadereyta refineries discharged the largest volume of TSS (15.5% and 11.8% respectively), while the Cangrejera and Morelos petrochemical complexes reported 14.7% and 11.3% and the Nuevo Pemex and Cactus GPCs both reported 4.5%. With respect to total nitrogen, refineries discharged 81.9% -34.9% less than the previous year; gas processing complexes generated 16.0%, a 20.2% reduction. The greatest contributors were the Salamanca (28.5%), Cadereyta (26.1%) and Tula (24.1%) refineries and the Cactus and Nuevo Pemex GPCs (11.6% and 3.7% respectively). Water use 2001 Input per 2002 Input per Input unit of throughput Input unit of throughput (m 3 ) (m 3 /ton) (m 3 ) (m 3 /ton) PEP 37,007, ,485, PR 132,392, ,399, PGPB 40,389, ,238, PPQ 60,432, ,015, Total 270,222, ,139, Pemex used million cubic meters of water in its different processes during 2002, 9.3% less than in PR was the greatest water consumer, with 45.4%; however, its water consumption dropped 15.9% from last year. PPQ used 23.7%, a 4.0% reduction; PGPB used 16.0%, or 2.8% less, and PEP used 14.9% -a 1.4% reduction. In 2002 Pemex discharged a total of 61.3 million cubic meters of water, a 33.1% decrease from PR reduced its water discharge by 44.4% due to the new water treatment plants that allowed it to reuse a substantial volume of the treated water. PPQ s water discharge dropped 20.0% and PGPB s fell 18.1%. PEMEX s water input per unit of throughput ratio decreased 12.5% -from 0.84 to 0.74 cubic meters of water per unit of throughput. Produced water During 2002, the volume of separated produced water was 12.1 million cubic meters, 1.6% lower than in 2001; 86.4% of it was re-injected. As in 2001, the South and North marine regions continued to re-inject almost all the produced water (99% and 97% respectively), while the Southwest Marine Region reduced its re-injection to 21.7%, due to problems at the Dos Bocas Marine Terminal s systems. A total of 10.1 million cubic meters of produced water were prevented from reaching the environment. PRODUCED WATER DISCHARGES TO WATER (TONS) PEP PR PGPB PPQ Total 422 2, Separated Re-injected Discharged Transferred Re-injected (m3) (m3) (m3) (m3) % PEP 12,085,958 10,077,496 2,008, , North Region 4,764,398 4,621, , South Region 5,467,860 5,072, , , Southwest 1,853, ,440 1,470,259 85, Marine Region Change 2001 vs (tons) Change 2001/2002 (%) Oils and Suspended NTot Others grease solids S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,

7 Spills (Barrels) Total: 143,643 ENVIRONMENTAL ATLAS C A S E: C A S E: PEMEX S ENVIRONMENTAL ATLAS IS AN PROGRAM TO PREVENT AND COMBAT HYDROCARBON SPILLS AT SEA THE NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN (PNC) PEP 11% PR 89% INNOVATIVE GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. ITS OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE THE CORPORATE AREAS AND THE SUBSIDIARIES WITH TIMELY AND RELIABLE DATA ON ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES AND EMISSIONS, DISCHARGES TO WATER, HAZARDOUS WASTES, HYDROCARBON SPILLS AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION, GIVING THEIR PRECISE LOCATION AND CHARACTERISTICS AND RELATING THEM VISUALLY TO THEIR SURROUNDING GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES. TO COMBAT AND CONTROL SPILLS OF HYDROCARBONS AND OTHER NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES TO THE SEA ESTABLISHES COORDINATION MECHANISMS BETWEEN DIFFERENT AUTHORITIES AND PEMEX TO CONFRONT INCIDENTS. THE FOLLOWING PNC-RELATED PREVENTIVE ACTIONS WERE TAKEN IN 2002: TWENTY MAJOR SPILL DRILLS. THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL DRILL UNDER THE US-MEXICO PLAN. Leaks (Tons) Total: 145 THE FIRST DRILL AT THE CANTARELL TAR PITS. PEMEX STRIVES TO MAKE ITS SEA OPERATIONS SAFE. PEP 20% PR 0% PGPB 79% P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 18

8 HYDROCARBON SPILLS Petróleos Mexicanos spilled 19,995 tons of hydrocarbons in 2002, representing 1.7% of its total emissions and discharges. 88% of this volume resulted from 53 events occurred at PR facilities, 11% from 773 spills at PEP and 1% was due to 10 leaks at PGPB. Virtually all the volume spilled by PR was registered at the country s four pipeline sectors. As for PEP, 99% of its volume was spilled at land facilities. HIDROCARBON SPILLS AND LEAKS Spills Volume Spills Volume Leaks Quantity (number) (barrels) (number) (barrels) (number) (tons) PEP , PR , PGPB PPQ Total , Change 2001 vs (tons) Change 2001/2002 (%) , Sea Land Air S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,

9 HAZARDOUS WASTES ELIMINATION OF THE ANTI- DETONATING COMPOUND TETRAETHYL LEAD AT REFINERIES. C A S E: TO COMPLY WITH PEMEX S REFINING SYSTEM S FACILITY DECONTAMINATION POLICIES, A RESIDUAL AMOUNT OF 430 TONS OF A TETRAETHYL LEAD-BASED ANTIKNOCK ADDITIVE STORED AT THE MINATITLÁN REFINERY WAS DISPOSED OF. MOREOVER, WITH A 26.5 MILLION-PESO INVESTMENT, 123 TONS OF LEAD WASTES STORED AT THE MINATITLÁN, CADEREYTA, SALAMANCA AND AZCAPOTZALCO REFINERIES WERE SENT TO FINAL DISPOSAL IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY, WHERE THEY WERE INCINERATED. THIS OPERATION INCLUDED THE DECONTAMINATION AND DESTRUCTION OF CONTAINERS. THESE ACTIONS REDUCE THE LATENT RISK OF LEAD POLLUTION FOR THESE WORK The total hazardous wastes inventory decreased 15% -from 95,677 tons in 2001 to 81,250 in This reveals a greater efficiency in final disposal, since hazardous waste generation rose 38% from the previous year. The upsurge was made up of drilling muds and cuttings at PEP due to the increase in exploration and drilling at developing fields; oily sludges produced at refineries by programmed tank maintenance, and used oils from operating equipment. Approximately 65 % of Petróleos Mexicanos s hazardous wastes were generated by PEP, 30% by PR and 5% by PPQ. These wastes account for 33% of the company s total emissions and discharges. Roughly 89% is made up of three kinds of wastes: drilling muds and cuttings (60%), oily sludges from refineries and PEP s Southwest Marine Region (9%) and used oils from refineries and petrochemical complexes (20%). PEP s Well Drilling and Maintenance Unit generated 228,810 tons of drill cuttings and muds 5 ; 54% was produced by the North Division (mainly at the Burgos unit), 39% by CENTERS PERSONNEL AND SURROUNDINGS. P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 20

10 the South Division and 7% by the Marine Division. The year-end inventory of these wastes was 3,495 tons. The Madero and Cadereyta refineries respectively generated 12,021 and 4,000 tons of oily sludges -64 % of the total generated by PR. The Madero refinery completely eliminated its inventory, while the Cadereyta refinery increased its final inventory to 12,000 tons. This refinery generated 61,490 tons of used oils -virtually all the used oils produced by PR and 81% of the company s total. The Cadereyta refinery s year-end used oil inventory was zero. The Cangrejera (74%) and Pajaritos (16%) petrochemical complexes generated most of the used oils -8,912 tons. This led PPQ to contribute with 13% of Pemex s total. The refineries final used oil inventory was 6 tons in Cangrejera and 385 tons in Pajaritos, 100% and 75% throughout the year. PPQ generates approximately 2% of the total chlorinated wastes produced at Petróleos Mexicanos. The Pajaritos petrochemical complex is the sole generator of this kind of waste. In 2002 it eliminated 4,267 tons of chlorinated wastes and still has 5,952 tons in its inventory. HAZARDOUS WASTES (TONS) PEP PR PGPB PPQ Corporate Initial inventory 95,677 9,585 76,846 1,736 7,510 0 Generation 384, , ,693 1,517 18, Elimination 398, , , , Final inventory 81,250 4,848 64,606 2,274 9,521 6 S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,

11 PEMEX AND THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN OIL AND NATURAL GAS COMPANIES (ARPEL) C A S E: C A S E: ARPEL ASKED PEMEX AS A SPEAKER FOR THE By reducing its CO 2 INNOVA AWARD TO PEMEX ON NOVEMBER 6, 2002, PEMEX S INTERNAL CLIMATE CHANGE TASK FORCE TO ANNOUNCE THE REGION S OIL COMPANIES POINT OF VIEW ABOUT THE KYOTO PROTOCOL S CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM AT THE XVII WORLD PETROLEUM CONGRESS. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ACTIONS TAKEN BY SEVERAL GOVERNMENTS AND OIL COMPANIES WERE ALSO HIGHLIGHTED DURING THIS CONGRESS IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL, IN SEPTEMBER, emissions and strengthening its economic instruments, Petróleos Mexicanos has consolidated its initiatives to prevent global climate change CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING PROGRAM RECEIVED THE INNOVA AWARD, PRESENTED PERSONALLY BY THE PRESIDENT OF MEXICO TO INITIATIVES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO INNOVATION AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. PETRÓLEOS MEXICANOS WAS INVITED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE WORKSHOP PRACTICAL METHODS TO IDENTIFY EMISSION REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES: THE KYOTO PROTOCOL MECHANISMS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN. THIS EVENT WAS ORGANIZED BY ARPEL-IPIECA IN SAN JOSÉ, COSTA RICA, ON DECEMBER 2-4, 2002, AS PART OF A SERIES OF EVENTS RELATED TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE. IN ADDITION TO ACTIONS TAKEN SINCE OCTOBER 2002 TO IMPLEMENT THE QUALITY SYSTEM AT DCSIPA, IMPORTANT STEPS WERE TAKEN TO OBTAIN THE ISO CERTIFICATE FOR THE INTERNAL CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING PROGRAM. THE CERTIFICATE, OBTAINED IN FEBRUARY 2003, RENDERS THIS MECHANISM MORE RELIABLE AND REITERATES THE COMPANY S COMMITMENT TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSIONS AT ITS FACILITIES AND TO INCREASE ITS ENERGY USE EFFICIENCY IN ITS PRODUCTION PROCESSES. P E T R Ó L E O S M E X I C A N O S 22

12 GREENHOUSE GASES Petróleos Mexicanos achieved a substantial 7.8% reduction in its carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions -from 40.0 million tons in 2001 to 36.9 million tons during PR is the principal CO 2 generator, with 38.6% of the total, followed by PEP with 28.6%, PGPB with 16.7% and PPQ with 16.1%. PEP diminished its emissions of this greenhouse gas -from 33.1% in 2001 to 28.6% in as a result of its natural gas exploitation projects in the Northeast Marine Region. PGPB and PPQ also achieved moderate reductions. However, PR posted an increase in its CO 2 emissions -from 13.7 to 14.2 million tons. Through the reduction in CO 2 emissions, the strengthening of economic instruments such as its Internal Carbon Emissions Trading Program and the advances in training for devising Clean Development Mechanism projects, during 2002 Petróleos Mexicanos continued to consolidate its initiatives to prevent global climate change. Internal Carbon Emissions Trading Program Greenhouse gases generate global climate change and cause severe damage to the planet s ecosystems. Pemex has promoted the reduction of these gases since considering the vulnerability of vast areas of the country- through an innovative scheme that allows its subsidiaries to commercialize among themselves carbon emission credits while promoting and assigning an economic value to reductions in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. As a result of the Trading Program s operation, an accumulated reduction of 11.2% with respect to the base line (1999) -equivalent to 4.6 million tons of CO 2 - was achieved in The 25 business units that participated in the market in exchanged 2.2 million tons of CO 2, -out of 3.1 million tons reduced in this period- with a virtual value of million pesos. CO 2 EMISSIONS (MILLIONS OF TONS) PEP CO 2 Emissions (Millions of tons) Total: PR PGPB PPQ Total Reduction vs (MMtons) 4.6 Reduction vs (MMtons) 3.1 PEP 29% PR 38% PGPB 17% PPQ 16% S A F E T Y, H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T,