The History of Drawing. Drawing I Course Instructor: Dr. Brown

Transcription

1 The History of Drawing Drawing I Course Instructor: Dr. Brown

2 Objectives Students will: Discuss and be able to list at least four careers that require drawing skills Discover how the art of drawing is the foundation to all other artistic disciplines Discuss how drawing relates to the profession of painting and sculpture in Art History Identify the Art Movement that began using the lead pencil to render drawings Discuss the works of several 15 th 18 th Century master-artists

3 Careers that require drawing skills Architectural Graphic Designer Drafters Engineers Master Carpenters Advertising Illustrators Advertising Layout Artist Product Illustrator Visual Arts Instructor / Professor Free-lance Professional Studio Artist Graphic Design and Communications Book Illustrator CD /DVD Cover Illustrators Fashion Illustrator Fabric Designer Video Game Designer Web designer Animation Artist Interior Designer 3D Craft Artists Set Designers Motion Picture and Theatre Costume Designers Editorial Illustrators Storyboard Illustrators Building Mural Designers

4 HISTORY OF DRAWING

5 The history of drawing is as old as the history of humankind. People drew pictures even before they learned how to write. Drawing helps man to communicate. Like other art forms, drawing has changed and developed through history. Each new style grew out of the style that came before it. This evolution of drawing styles closely parallels the development of painting. As drawing styles changed, so did drawing materials.

6 Prehistoric Age The oldest known cave art was discovered in France, the paintings of which may be 35,000 years old. Images were often animals created with charcoal and Ochre. Ochres are among the earliest pigments used by mankind, derived from naturally tinted clay containing mineral oxides.

7 Ancient Egypt Ancient Egyptians (beginning about 3000 B.C.) decorated the walls of their temples and tombs with scenes of daily life. These drawings had a flat, linear style. Their drawings depicted, Gods, animals, and humans. The ideas were often dictated t d by the current Pharaoh.

8 Greek drawing (prior to 800 BC) B.C.) was not recorded on paper p or stone, but on pottery surfaces. These vases were often decorated with geometric designs and events of the time (like wrestling and other sports). The figures were often shown as silhouettes. After 500B.C. these drawings became more realistic, with natural proportions and attention to detatil.

9 Paper was not made in Europe until the 1100's, and at first it was expensive and difficult to obtain. Artists sometimes drew on prepared animal skins such as parchment or vellum. For centuries, artists made their preparatory drawings and paintings on tablets made of slate, wood, or wax. Some painters made their preparatory drawings directly on the panel or wall that was to be painted

10 Roman artists, about the time of Christ, drew and painted realistic likenesses in line and color on the plaster walls of their homes. Many Roman and Baroque artists painted scenes from stories and the great scrolls. Many of the reproduced art you see in Bibles are mimicked from the Roman or Baroque style of art.

11 15 th and 16 th Century The Renaissance During the Renaissance, a special rebirth and love of drawing began. Drawing came to be considered the foundation for work in all the arts. Modern drawing in Europe began in the 1400's in Italy, during the period known as the Renaissance Italian Renaissance ( ) Flemish Renaissance ( ) in Italy during German Renaissance ( ) (44 High Renaissance ( )

12 At Art students t first ttrained din drawing before going on to painting, sculpture, or architecture. During this art movement, the portrayal of the human figure became increasingly more realistic. The most prominent and well known uses of the Golden Rectangle /Golden Mean Ratio (3:5) in figure drawing, was mathematician, Leonardo Da Vinci.

13 Sandro Botticelli Lorenzo Lotto

14 The eighteenth th century kept many artists t commissioned i as portrait artists. Leonardo Da Vinci Rembrandt Van Rijn Self-Portrait

15 17 th and 18 th NEOCLASSICAL PERIOD ( ) Century ( ) Many different styles developed side by side during the 1800's. Pencils were first manufactured early in the century. They became the preferred drawing tools of many artists.

16 The Neoclassic Movement was known for its high-minded, intimate, and decorative art, which also portrayed the political ideals of the time. Many nature drawings (plants, animals, landscapes, were produced during this period. Jacques-Louis David George Stubbs

17 Cubism Since the beginning of the 1900's, art has been liberated from past traditions. This means that the definition of drawing has Futurism also been expanded. It can be almost anything an artist wishes it to be. Surrealism s Pop Art 1950s-1960s Conceptual Art 1960s-1970s1970s Minimal Art 1960s-1980s Abstract- t Expressionism 1940s-1950s Neo- Expressionism 1970s-1980s Picasso Klee

18 Diego Rivera

19 Henri Matisse

20 Chidi OKoye

21 Jackson Pollock

22 After this presentation, you are required to write a one-page essay within the first week of school, which should include the following information: 1. Discuss why the art of drawing is the foundation to all other artistic disciplines 2. Discuss how drawing relates to the profession of painting and sculpture in Art History 3. Discuss the Art Movement that began using the lead pencil to render drawings and how this tool may have impacted the subjects chosen for drawings during that period. 4. Briefly discuss the work of one of the 15 th 20th th Century master-artists and how his or her work impacts you.