3/15/2010. Future Development Trends and Environmental Challenges in Curitiba

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1 Future Development Trends and Environmental Challenges in Curitiba Universidade Positivo - UP March/2009 Programs that resulted in the environmental quality that Curitiba has today, started in the XIX century: 1875 The first massive tree planting in streets and squares 1886 Inauguration of the first Park in the city, the Passeio Público 1870 The establishment of the green belt around the city In 1940 the first studies for the development of a Master Plan for the city begun, by the french architect Alfredo Agache In 1959 the Park Barreirinha is created. Only in 1972 two new Parks are created: São Lourenço e o do Barigui. In 1965, Agaché Plan is revisited and them implanted, giving special attention to the conservation of green areas In 1975 the Zoning Law is approved and The Green Areas Special Sector is created, establishing that the conservation of green areas is priority in the development of the city. Crescimento Espontâneo Radial Crescimento Direcionado Linear 1

2 P A R Q U E P A S S A Ú N A P A R Q U E C A I U Á P A R Q U E T I N G U I B O S Q U E I T A L I A N O P A R Q U E B A R I G U I B O S Q U E D A F A Z E N D I N H A P A R Q U E D I A D E M A P A R Q U E D O S T R O P E I R O S B O S Q U E S Ã O N I C O L A U B O S Q U E D O T R A B A L H A D O R P A R Q U E N A S C E N T E D O R I O B E L É M P A R T Q U E T A N G U Á P A R Q U E S Ã O L O U R E Ç O P A R Q U E D A S P E D R E I R A S B O S Q U E Z A N I E L I P A R Q U E D A B A R E I R I N H A B O S Q U E D O P I L A R Z I N H O B O S Q U E A L E M Ã O P A S E I O P Ú B L I C O B O S Q U E D A B O A V I S T A J A R D I M B O T Â N I C O P A R Q U E I G U A Ç Ú P A R Q U E A T U B A P A R Q U E " G E N E R A L I B E R Ê D E M A T O S " B O S Q U E J O Ã O P A U L O I I B O S Q U E G U T I E R E Z B O S Q U E D E P O R T U G A L B O S Q U E R E I N H A R D M A K B O S Q U E D O C A P Ã O D A I M B U I A P A R Q U E L I N E A R C A J U R U 3/15/2010 Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente Lei nº 7676/91 Decreto nº 949/95 In January, 03,1986 the Municipal Secretariat of Environment is created Gabinete Equipe de Apoio Técnico e Administrativo In 1991 the Municipal Environmental Law is approved Law n.º 7833/91 Superintendência de Obras e Serviços Financeiro R.H. Jurídico Administrativo Superintendência de Controle Ambiental Produção Vegetal Parques e Praças Serviços Especiais Limpeza Pública Pesquisa e Monitoramento Zoológico Recursos Hídricos e Saneamento Because of all those actions, public policies and regulations, the city has today: 34 Parks, with almost ,00 m², 3,5 million m² of those being forests ,89 m² of forest massifs, the equivalent of 18,00% the city's area; As an environmental result of this forest conservation Curitiba has 366 different species of birds observed and cataloged. N P A R Q U E S E B O S Q U E S E X I S T E N T E S A T É 20 6 Looking for the future.. In 2004 the Master Plan for the city is revised, following the demands of Federal Laws and on the new Master Plan is established the need to develop specific plans as mobility, housing, economical development and environmental. To develop the Municipal Plan for Environmental Control and Sustainable Development (the official name) first the technical team appointed for the task decided that a diagnosis was necessary, compiling all the existing data on Curitiba's environment in one document. This effort took from march 2006 to july This document can be found at Secretarias e Órgãos, Meio Ambiente, Plano M. C. Ambiental, Diagnóstico Ambiental. Once the Diagnostic was done, presented for the community for critics and suggestions, the work on the Municipal Plan itself started. The first thing established was the 2020 horizon for the proposals. As it was done on the Diagnostic the proposals were divided into Theme Areas as Green Areas, Fauna, Hydrology, Geology and others. This effort took from july 2007 to july This document can be found at Secretarias e Órgãos, Meio Ambiente, Plano M. C. Ambiental, PMCADS Volume Final. As way to transform the proposals in actual programs the Biocity Urban Biodiversity Program was developed 2

3 Looking to maintain the quality of life in the city, to restore and protect local biodiversity and prepare the population and infrastructure for the climate change that the Municipal Secretariat of Environment created and implemented the Biocity Urban Biodiversity Program Construction of a technical greenhouse on the Botanical Museum grounds to: study native species collected the Botanical Museum teams to establish its potential for use on the recovery of degraded areas and use for gardening; the production of seedbeds for massive production. Neoregelia margaretae (família Bromeliaceae), grafite e gouache sobre papel, Margaret Mee. Implementation of a demonstrative ornamental garden at the Botanical Garden, using exclusively native species, trying to reach the population's sensibility as well as the producers of flowers for the real possibility of using native species for gardening. The production of leaflets and folders on environmental education, pointing out the importance of native flora and fauna. Program for Identification and Replacement of Exotic Invasive Plants 1. Formation of a technical team to evaluate the level of infestation on the municipal parks; 2. The establishment of an action plan for replacement of the exotic invasive plants for native ones ( ) in municipal parks; 3. The approval of a Decree to allow the population to replace, on their properties, the exotic invasive ones for native plants. Urban Arborization Management Program Curitiba has around trees planted on the streets. Most of the trees were planted by the City Hall, but many were planted by the population, without any technique. The majority of the trees are exotic, planted over a period of 130 years, using plants that were commonly used in other cities and which the growth and management characteristics were known. To develop a management program, the first step was to execute a diagnostic of the actual situation on the streets, so in 2005 this study began and up to 2007 we had cataloged trees in 23 different neighborhoods. For each tree there is a file containing 20 information about it 3

4 Ações Executadas: Ações Executadas: Ações em execução: Urban Arborization Management Program For each neighborhood part of the diagnostic it is been developed an Action Plan considering every intervention necessary like plantings, cuttings and pruning. Ações em execução: Public Policy The proposal of a legislation that brings the population as partners in the preservation of natural areas, in private properties, not demanding financial investment by the City Hall. Municipal Law /06 Creates the Private Natural Reserves - PNR. and Municipal Decree 606/07 that Regulates Law /2006, that created the PNR. 4

5 Public Policy The RPN is one of the categories on the Municipal System of Protected Areas, almost as private park. The goal is the preservation of property covered with at least 70% with native forest, where the City Hall wouldn't allow the development of the land because of this forest. The owner requests the City Hall to transform the area on the RPN, where he assumes the public commitment for the everlasting preservation of the property and as a compensation the City Hall gives him exemption of the land tax and allows him to transfer the building rights of this area to another property in the city, allowed by the The City Hall has already identified properties in the city that fits this profile and if all those areas were transformed in PNR, m2 of native forests would be preserved TRANSFERÊCIA DE POTENCIAL CONSTRUTIVO PARA PRESERVAÇÃO DE ÁREAS VERDES Parque Tingui Actio Taken: On march, 27, 2007, the first RPN was created and in 2010 the city already has tree RPN, with a total area of ,00m2. Potential RPN in the city: Action been executed: Strategic Planning for the restoration of the Barigui River Basin Viva Barigui EVOLUTION OF PROTECTED AREAS through Parks and RPNs 5

6 Viva Barigui The project aims the restoration of Barigui river: amongst its actions is the creation of the Barigui Linear Park, connecting the existing parks (three) and the creation of others. WCP Water Cleaning Program: aims to identify and correct clandestine sewer releases on the river. Project Spring Environmental Education program that executes the monitoring of the river quality in a partnership with the population Relocation and urbanization of irregular occupations on river margins families situated on these river margins. The families will be relocated and the natural areas restored. Ocupações irregulares em APP 1 Solid Waste Management System 1 Solid Waste Management System In november, 20, 1989, started the operation of Curitiba's landfill, located 25 km from downtown. Monthly Average ,00 ton. Daily Average 2.400,00 ton. 1 Solid Waste Management System Intermunicipal Consortium Concession to implementation and operation of SIPAR Integrated System for Processing and Use of Solid Waste. 1. Solid Waste Management System MU ICIPALITIES PART OF THE CO SORTIUM: 16 TOTAL AREA: Km² POPULATIO : inhabitants 6

7 2 Alternative Fuels In 2001 natural gas from Bolívia begun to be used in private cars and taxis. Since 2000, Curitiba has been testing biodiesel on the public transportation fleet 2 Alternative Fuels With the inauguration of the Green Line, the transformation of federal highway into a urban road, all the twelve buses running on it are powered by motors 100% on biodiesel. The goal is to have the hole fleet of buses on the city, by 2020, running on 100% biodiesel motors. Climate Change Execution of the Green House Gases (GHG) Sinkholes inventory Done; Execution of the Green House Gases (GHG) inventory 2010 In execution; Vulnerabilities assesment 2010/11- In development; Development of the Municipal Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Plan The sinkhole inventory resulted in 168,25 t C/ha. Based on this result it is possible to estimate an stock of t C ( t CO2 equivalent) on the forests of Curitiba. Alfredo Vicente de Castro Trindade Technical Coordinator for Fauna and Flora 7