Modified High Fibre Diet

Transcription

1 Modified High Fibre Diet CEAC 0674 February 2015

2 High Fibre Diet This diet is designed to provide you with fibre rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, legumes (beans, peas, and lentils) whole grains, and cereals. The goal is to achieve a total dietary intake that includes 21 to 38 grams of fibre a day. Modified High Fibre Diet Some high fibre foods may cause discomfort and diarrhea. This diet is designed to help you reintroduce high fibre foods into your diet. Certain high fibre foods are initially avoided until your bowel habits become more regular. These foods may be reintroduced as you are able to tolerate them. Why You Need This Diet High fibre foods help improve cholesterol and blood sugar levels; they aid with weight control, and promote a healthy intestinal tract. Intestinal problems, constipation, irritable bowel, and Crohn s disease may be improved with a diet that is high in fibre. Soluble and Insoluble Fibre Soluble fibre is found in some fruits, vegetables, and legumes (peas, beans, and lentils). Soluble fibre can help to lower cholesterol and control blood sugar levels. Soluble fibre helps slow the digestion of food, which aids in appetite and weight control. Insoluble fibre is found in the skins of vegetable, fruit, whole grains, and wheat bran. Insoluble fibre helps keep your bowel habits regular and may protect against certain diseases of the intestine, including colon cancer. It is important to eat a variety of foods, to ensure you get enough of both types of fibre, What You Should Do Increase the fibre in your diet slowly to prevent gas, bloating, and diarrhea. You should divide fibre containing foods evenly throughout the day, at both meal and snack times. It is important to drink 6 to 8 glasses of fluid each day (1 glass = 8 oz. or 250 ml) for the fibre to work. Eat at least 6 servings of whole grain products every day. Use whole wheat bread when making toast or sandwiches. Use whole wheat flour instead of white flour in baking. Add 1 to 2 tablespoons (15 to 30 ml) of bran, ground flax seed, or a very high fibre cereal to your yogurt or favorite cereal in the morning. Eat at least 7 servings of vegetables and fruits every day. 1

3 Eat the peels of your vegetables and fruits whenever possible. Try having fruit as a snack or dessert. Eat fruit instead of drinking juice. Add barley, beans, peas, or lentils to soups and casseroles. Instead of sour cream based dips use legume based dips such as hummus Compare food labels and choose foods with the highest fibre content. High fibre foods have 4 or more grams of fibre per serving. Food Tips The first list provides information on some of the foods you may need to temporarily avoid or eat in smaller quantities, as they can cause gas and diarrhea. Try adding just 1 of the foods back into your diet each day, so you can monitor how well it is tolerated. Below that are 2 lists which provide information on foods that may improve these problems. Foods that may cause gas or diarrhea should be reintroduced slowly: some raw fruits and vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, brussel sprouts, turnips, and cucumbers) spicy or highly seasoned foods (hot peppers and curry) greasy, fried foods high sugar foods and sugar substitutes alcohol (hard liquor, cocktails, and beer) food with trans fats and fat substitutes preserved foods like sauerkraut and pickles caffeinated drinks (pop and coffee) onions and chives melons chewing gum eggs prune juice. Foods that may help control odour and gas: buttermilk fresh parsley yogurt. Foods that may help control diarrhea: smooth peanut butter low fat cheese or yogurt boiled rice, barley, and pasta 2

4 mashed potatoes oatmeal or bran soda crackers applesauce bananas tapioca. Sources of Fibre Fibre comes from plants, so the best way to add fibre to your diet is to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain breads and cereals. High Fibre Foods (more than 5 grams of fibre) Food Serving Fibre (g) beans - lima, baked, brown, ¾ cup (175 ml) 9 to 12 pinto, kidney, lentils, black bran based cereals 1/3 cup (80 ml) 5 to 12 fruits and vegetables - apples, 1 cup (250 ml) 5 pears with the skin on, berries, broccoli, peas, turnips whole wheat pasta 1 cup (250 ml) 5 Perth District Health Unit (2008) Medium Fibre Foods (2 to 4 grams of fibre) Food Serving Fibre (g) dried fruits - prunes, raisins, apricots whole wheat grains - brown rice, bulgar, barley cereals such as oatmeal and puffed wheat fruit such as oranges, pears, strawberries nuts and seeds - almonds, peanuts, sunflowers, pecans whole wheat breads - pumpernickel, rye, wholewheat, bran muffin ½ cup (125 ml) 2 to 5 ½ cup (125 ml) 2 to 5 ½ cup (125 ml) 2 to 4 ½ cup (125 ml) 2 to 4 2 tblsp (30 ml) 2 to 4 per slice 2 to 4 3

5 vegetables such as corn, peas, potato with skin, sweet potato, broccoli, brussel sprouts, carrot, eggplant, tomato paste ½ cup (125 ml) 2 to 4 Perth District Health Unit (2008) Follow a Low Fat Diet In addition to a high fibre diet, a diet which is low in fat is very important to good health. As you reintroduce fibre containing foods into your diet, consider low fat choices. What You Should Do Limit the fat you add to your food to 5 servings or less each day. This includes margarine, butter, cooking oils, and mayonnaise. A serving is about 1 teaspoon (5 ml). For salad dressings, a serving is 1 tablespoon (15 ml). Limit the meat you eat to 4 to 6 oz (110 to 170 g) or less per day (3 oz is the size of a deck of cards). Before cooking, cut off any extra fat. Buy flavorful bread that you enjoy eating without margarine or butter. Try adding jam or jelly instead. Have fruit as a dessert more often. Add flavor to vegetables with lemon juice or spices instead of margarine. Eat broth based vegetable soups instead of cream soups. Instead of cream sauce, choose tomato sauce for your pasta. Make a sandwich using leftover skinless chicken or roast beef, instead of high fat deli meats like bologna, and salami. Instead of using 3 whole eggs, make an omelet with 1 whole egg and 2 egg whites. Put fat free sour cream on your baked potato. Avoid foods that are fried, such as French fries, doughnuts, potato chips, and other high fat snack food. Foods Low in Fat whole grain breads and cereals English muffins and bagels sherbet and Jell-O angel food cake fish skinless chicken lean cuts of meat beans, lentils, and peas skim or 1% milk and buttermilk low fat cheeses (less than 20% milk fat) 4

6 potatoes rice pasta fruits vegetables. Resources Canada s Food Guide. (2011). Make wise choices. Retrieved February 24, 2015, from Dieticians of Canada. (2012). Fibre. Retrieved from Health/Nutrition-A-Z/Fibre.aspx?categoryID=20 Dieticians of Canada, reproduced by Perth District Health Unit. (June 2008). High Fibre Foods. Retrieved from 5

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