Chapter 15 From Baroque to Classical

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1 Chapter 15 From Baroque to Classical TRUE/FALSE 1. At the beginning of the eighteenth-century, Italian music was the most influential. ANS: T REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg The most important classical musicians in London during the early eighteenth century came from the school of Westminster Abbey. ANS: F REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg Mozart spent much of his youth visiting European cities as a child prodigy. ANS: T REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg. 111 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. One of the most meaningful aspects of the music of the eighteenth century is that a. it returned to monophonic chant and purity d. it was an era of reworking the social structure b. so much of the music is still with us today e. nothing. This music had no meaningful aspects. c. it developed a cappella singing more fully ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, Introduction, pg Professional musicians supplemented their own income by a. making radio jingles d. teaching lessons b. building instruments e. writing songs in many different styles under various identities c. touring with bands and playing popular tunes ANS: D REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg Patronage sources for income were supplemented or replaced by a. lottery wins d. church donations and love offerings for the musicians b. government funding for the arts e. composing jobs with steady salaries c. public performances, publishing royalties and private instruction fees ANS: C REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg The composer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart a. died a millionaire due to his great ability to handle money and compose music that the public loved b. died penniless in part because he spent his money as fast as it came in d. never had any success as a composer until after his death e. died in jail because he wanted to be able to work on his own as a freelance musician, and that was not allowed

2 c. died before his father, Leopold, who inherited all of his wealth and continued to write and perform music ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg At the start of his career with the Esterhazy family, Haydn was a. given the best chamber in the palace and asked to compose beautiful music to be played there b. a servant who slept in the stable while composing symphonies and string quartets c. already famous as a composer and performer d. in jail because he had cut off a classmates pigtail e. only allowed to composer music for the Mass ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg The British Isles had a a. rich folk music tradition d. monastery where all Gregorian Chant was kept b. reputation for the best string quartets e. rich operatic heritage c. large concert band ANS: A REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg The harmony of this era featured a. particular chord progressions written in consistent meter and with a steady beat b. random chord progressions written in mixed meter with a syncopated beat c. I, IV, V chordal progression written in a repetitive manner with a triple beat d. no specific features e. counterpoint and polyphonic settings Gregorian Chant melodies ANS: A REF: Chapter 15, "Major Developments In Eighteenth-Century Music", pg The latter part of the century saw the emergence of a. choirs and sacred songs d. the former patrons as composers b. percussion ensembles and Latin rhythms e. women as successful composers and song-writers c. the symphony, the grandest of all instrumental forms ANS: C REF: Chapter 15, "Independent Instrumental Music", pg By the end of the eighteenth century, many commentators regarded a. vocal music as the highest form of d. chamber music as the ultimate musical expression experience b. abstract music, such as Beethoven s e. opera to be the only musical form of symphonies as the most sublime form of quality musical expression c. all music as trivial compared to sports ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "Independent Instrumental Music", pg The eighteenth century saw

3 a. the death of all of the great composers d. the end of one musical era and the emergence of another b. the birth of rock and roll e. the fusion of all musical forms into one genre c. the fall of the Roman Empire ANS: D REF: Chapter 15, "Music and Musical Styles: From Baroque To Classical", pg The music of the seventeenth and early eighteenth century is called a. French Continental style d. Renaissance Style b. Baroque Style e. Florid Style c. Romantic Style ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "Baroque and Classical", pg The term classical can refer to the music of the late-eighteenth century or a. to the large body of cultivated or concert d. to music based upon a cantus firmus music of the last millennium b. to any music with violins playing e. to music composed in major keys c. to music played by trained performers ANS: A REF: Chapter 15, "Baroque and Classical", pg European monarchs and revolutionaries reach out to the masses by a. singing to them d. letting them eat cake b. adopting or commissioning national e. providing free music lessons and anthems instruments in return for military service c. offering free public concerts ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "The Beginnings of Popular Music", pg The Baroque era was a time of a. no new musical advances d. imbalance and dull, dreary architecture b. stillness and slow paced music e. wars and rumors of war c. energy and motion, virtuosity and ornamentation ANS: C REF: Chapter 15, "Baroque and Classical", pg. 113 COMPLETION 1. John Gay wrote an opera parody called, which was popular during the eighteenth century. ANS: The Beggar s Opera REF: Chapter 15, "Public Performance", pg The composer Joseph, spent most of his career in the service of the Esterhazy family. ANS: Haydn REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg. 111

4 3. Italy was the center for music early in the century, but became the main center of musical activity, with many famous composers living there. ANS: Vienna REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg. 111 MATCHING a. John Gay e. pianoforte b. Baroque f. growth of music as a business c. Enlightenment g. Classical style d. common practice harmony h. W.A. Mozart 1. when reason came to be embraced as the main source of legitimacy for authority 2. one of the major developments during the eighteenth century 3. child prodigy and composer in the new classical style 4. term referring to the music in the late eighteenth century as well as to a general movement throughout Europe 5. the most familiar and widely used approach to harmonic organization in Western music 6. describing the new art and architecture that emerged in the late sixteenth century and continued through the mid-eighteenth century 7. keyboard instrument on which performers could play softly or loudly according to the touch 8. composed The Beggar s Opera 1. ANS: C REF: Chapter 15, "Common Practice Harmony", pg ANS: F REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of the Music Business", pg ANS: H REF: Chapter 15, "Musical Centers", pg ANS: G REF: Chapter 15, "Baroque and Classical", pg ANS: D REF: Chapter 15, "Major Developments In Eighteenth-Century Music", pg ANS: B REF: Chapter 15, "Baroque and Classical", pg ANS: E REF: Chapter 15, "Production of Musical Instruments", pg ANS: A REF: Chapter 15, "Public Performance", pg. 109 ESSAY 1. What are some ways that music making grew during the eighteenth century? Did these changes have any ultimate effect on the music that we hear today? ANS: page 4 The Growth of Music Making is the basis for this discussion * making music in the home * increasingly literate musical public *demand for goods and services * quality teachers *music publishing - wide range of music * booksellers - instructional method books and guides to performance *public performances, publishing royalties, and private instruction offered income for composers

5 *transition from patronage to independence REF: Chapter 15, "The Growth of Music Making", pg As the eighteenth century began, Baroque Music was approaching its artistic peak, and during the last quarter of the century, another style was realized. What is this style used in more complex music performed by professionals and skilled amateurs and heard in opera houses and concert halls and churches? Discuss how the music changed during the course of the eighteenth century ANS: This is a summary of the information in this chapter and should include Baroque to Classical, vocal to instrumental, patronage to independent, Italy to Vienna, move to common practice harmony, etc. REF: Chapter 15, Summary of Chapter points