How To Find The Area Of A Shape
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1 9 Areas and Perimeters This is is our next key Geometry unit. In it we will recap some of the concepts we have met before. We will also begin to develop a more algebraic approach to finding areas and perimeters. 9.1 Area The easiest method to find an area of a shape, particularly if it is a simple shape made up of straight lines, is to count the squares inside it. Example 1 Find the area of each of these shapes in terms of the square shown. One square Solution This can be divided into 5 of the squares, so its area is 5 square units. 5a 5b We have 4 squares (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4), and the two triangles (labelled 5a and 5b) can be joined together to form another square. So, in total, we have an area of 5 square units. 121
2 9.1 MEP Y7 Practice Book A Example 2 Estimate the area of this shape Solution There are 4 complete squares (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4). Region 5 and 6 together make up about squares, as do regions 7 and 8. So we have another 3 squares giving a total of 7 square units (plus a little bit more!). Exercises 1. Draw around your hand on squared paper and find its area. Who has the largest hand in your class? 2. Find the area of this circle by counting squares. 122
3 3. Find the areas of these shapes by counting squares. (d) 123
4 9.2 Area and Perimeter of a Square We now bring in standard units for measuring area and perimeter. You should always put units in your answers. The area of a square can be found by counting squares or multiplying the length of the sides. The area of a square with sides 1 cm is 1 cm 2. Area = 1 cm Area = 1 2 Area = 4 4 = 1 2 The perimeter of a square is the total length of the four sides. 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm Perimeter = Perimeter = = = 1 124
5 Note Note also that: So that, for example, 1 m = 100 cm 1 cm = 10 mm 25 mm = 2. 8 mm = cm = 2.61 m 3 = 0.32 m = 0.06 m Exercises 1. Find the area and perimeter of each of these squares. 125
6 9.2 MEP Y7 Practice Book A 2. Find the area of squares with sides of length: 10 cm 1 (d) 9 cm (e) 1 (f) 20 cm 3. Find the perimeter of squares with sides of length: 1 1 (d) 19 cm (e) 9 cm (f) 1 4. Copy and complete each of these statements. 3. = mm 10. = mm 28 mm = cm (d) 216 mm = cm (e) 15 = m (f) 8 = m (g) 1.62 m = cm (h) 1.7 m = cm (i) 0.82 m = cm (j) 0.07 m = cm 5. A square has sides of length 20 mm. Find the area of the square in: mm 2 cm 2 6. The perimeter of a square is 40 cm. How long are its sides? 126
7 7. The area of a square is 3 2. How long are its sides? 8. The perimeter of a square is 4. What is its area? 9. The area of a square is What is its perimeter? 10. For a square the perimeter is and the area is 2. The perimeter is twice the area. What are the lengths of the sides of a square for which the perimeter is equal to the area; half of the area? 9.3 The Area and Perimeter of a Rectangle For a rectangle, say by, we can proceed either by counting squares or multiplying the lengths. So for example, the area of this rectangle is 10 cm 2 from counting squares or, alternatively; Area = 5 2 Note also that 1 cm is the same as 10 mm, = 10 cm 2 so that a 1 cm square has an area of 1 cm 2 and this can also be written as 1 cm 1 cm = 10 mm 10 mm i.e 1 cm 2 = 100 mm 2 127
8 9.3 MEP Y7 Practice Book A Example What is 1 m 2 in terms of cm 2? Solution 1 m 1 m = 100 cm 100 cm i.e. 1 m 2 = cm 2 Exercises 1. Find the area of these rectangles in cm
9 (d) 2. Find the perimeter of the rectangles in question Find the area of these rectangles in suitable units. The diagrams have not been drawn accurately. (d) 1 mm 11 mm 9 cm (e) 7 cm (f) 9 mm 3 mm 129
10 9.3 MEP Y7 Practice Book A 4. Find the perimeter of the rectangles in question Find the area and perimeter of these rectangles mm (d) 1.5 m 4.2 mm 1.4 m (e) 3. (f) 7.4 mm 6.1 cm 8 mm 6. Find the area and perimeter of this rectangle in cm 2 and cm in m 2 and m. 1 m 30 cm 7. Find the area of this rectangle in mm 2 and cm
11 8. Find the perimeter and area of this rectangle making clear which units you have decided to use mm 9. A rectangle has an area of 4 2. The length of one side is. Find the perimeter of the rectangle. 10. A rectangle has a perimeter of 2 and an area of 3 2. What are the lengths of the sides of the rectangle? 9.4 Area of Compound Shapes We illustrate this method with an example. Example Find the area of the shape shown below. 7 cm 131
12 9.4 MEP Y7 Practice Book A Solution Divide the shape into rectangles; one way is shown below. B A C 7 cm Area of A = 3 7 = 21 cm 2 Area of B = 3 2 = 2 Area of C = 3 6 = 1 2 Total Area = = 4 2 Exercises 1. Find the area of these shapes. 132
13 2. Find the area of each of these shapes. The diagrams have not been drawn accurately. 25 mm (d) 20 mm 1 cm 40 mm 35 mm (e) (f) 7 cm 133
14 9.4 MEP Y7 Practice Book A 3. Find the perimeter of the shapes in question Find the area and perimeter of these shapes. 5 mm 1 cm 2 mm 1 mm 5 mm 2 mm 2 mm (d) 10 cm 5. Find the shaded area in each of the diagrams below. 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm 6. (d) 0.7 cm cm 9 cm
15 6. Find the area and perimeter of these shapes. 3.1 cm m 2.1 m 3.5 m m 6.5 m 3.7 cm 13.2 m (d) A lawn is 3 m by 5 m. A path 1 m wide is laid around the lawn. Find the area of the path. Path Lawn Path 8. Ben's dad buys a carpet that is 3 m wide and 4 m long. 3.6 m 2.6 m 1.4 m This is the shape of Ben's room 1.2 m 3.8 m How much carpet is wasted? 135
16 9.4 MEP Y7 Practice Book A 9. Wendy is going to paint the front of the house for her mum and dad. 2 m 1 m Find the area that needs to be painted. 1.5 m 1.5 m 1 m 2 m 1.5 m 2 m 5 m Wendy gets 50p for every 1 m 2 that she paints. How much money does Wendy get? 6 m 10. This shape can be cut out of card and folded to form a box. How much card is wasted if this shape is cut out of a sheet 1 by 20 cm? 9.5 The Area of a Triangle For a triangle, Area = 1 2 base perpendicular height Height Base 136
17 Example 1 Find the area of the triangle shown. 7 cm Solution Area = = 21 cm 2 Example 2 Find the area of the triangle shown. 7 cm Solution Area = = 1 2 Exercises 1. Find the area of each of these triangles. 5 m 7 m (d) 1 40 mm 30 mm 137
18 9.5 MEP Y7 Practice Book A (e) (f) (g) 7. (h) 5.2 mm mm 2. The diagrams show two triangles drawn inside a rectangle. Explain why the two shaded triangles have the same area. 3. Find the area of the shaded triangle. What is the area of the parallelogram? 138
19 4. Find the area of this parallelogram. 5. Find the area of each of these shapes. They have not been drawn accurately. 7 cm 7 cm (d) 10 cm 1 cm 139
20 9.5 MEP Y7 Practice Book A 6. A pyramid can be made by folding up the shape below. What is the area of this shape? Find the shaded areas
21 8. Draw this triangle. Find its area to the nearest 0.1 cm Find the area of this triangle to the nearest 0.1 cm 2. 7 cm 10. Find the area of an equilateral triangle with sides of length, giving your answer correct to 1 decimal place. 11. What is the area of the biggest triangle that can be drawn inside a parallelogram with sides of length 10 cm and 1? 141
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