EXECUTIVE BRANCH: CHECKS AND BALANCES
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2 EXECUTIVE BRANCH: CHECKS AND BALANCES THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH HAS POWERS OVER BOTH THE LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIAL BRANCHES. THIS SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES ENSURES THAT NO GROUP BECOMES TOO POWERFUL.
3 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH: CHECKS AND BALANCES EXECUTIVE BRANCH POWERS OVER LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 1. VETOES ACTS OF CONGRESS 2. CAN CALL CONGRESS INTO A SPECIAL SESSION DECEMBER 8, 1941 ROOSEVELT DID NOT HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO DECLARE WAR AGAINST JAPAN AFTER THE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR. HE NEEDED CONGRESS.
4 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH: CHECKS AND BALANCES EXECUTIVE BRANCH POWERS OVER JUDICIAL BRANCH 1. APPOINTS SUPREME COURT JUSTICES. THE PRESIDENT CAN INFLUENCE THE COURT BY SELECTING A CHOOSING A JUDGE THAT CARRIES THE SAME POLITICAL IDEALS. REPUBLICAN PRESIDENT = 2. THE PRESIDENT CAN GRANT REPRIEVES OR PARDONS. AFTER THE WATERGATE SCANDAL, RATHER THAN HAVE THE COUNTRY DRAGGED DEEPER INTO CRISIS. PRESIDENT FORD PARDONED THE RECENTLY RESIGNED RICHARD NIXON FROM FACING CRIMINAL CHARGES REPUBLICAN JUDGE
5 CHECKS THAT LIMIT THE POWER OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH LEGISLATIVE BRANCH POWERS OVER THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH 1. SENATE APPROVES TREATIES AND APPOINTMENTS 2. CONGRESS CAN OVERRIDE VETOES 3. IMPEACH A PRESIDENT President Nixon resigning as President of the United States
6 CHECKS THAT LIMIT THE POWER OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL BRANCH POWERS OVER THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH SUPREME COURT MAY RULE THAT EXECUTIVE ACTS ARE UNCONSTITUTIONAL.
7 STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH THE POWERS OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH ARE DEFINED IN THE U.S. CONSTITUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION OF VIRGINIA THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH AT THE STATE AND FEDERAL LEVEL CARRIES OUT THE LAWS. THIS INCLUDES (AMONG MANY RESPONSIBILITIES)- EXECUTING THE LAWS OF THE LAND PREPARING THE ANNUAL BUDGET APPOINTING CABINET OFFICERS, FEDERAL JUDGES AND OVERSEE THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY
8 THE PRESIDENT RECEIVES HELP FROM: Unlike the powers of the president, their responsibilities are not defined in the Constitution VICE PRESIDENT CABINET MEMBERS HEADS OF EXECUTIVE AGENCIES
9 Vice President President of the United States Federal agencies such as the National Security Council Members of the Presidents cabinet> heads of the 15 executive departments Presidential Cabinet : Departments of: 1. State 2. Treasury 3. Defense 4. Justice 5. Interior 6. Agriculture 7. Labor 8. Health 9. Transportation 10. Energy 11. Education 12. Veterans affairs 13. Homeland Security 14. Housing and Urban Development 15. Commerce
10 PRESIDENCY: QUALIFICATIONS, TERMS AND BENEFITS QUALIFICATIONS TERM OF OFFICE BENEFITS NATIVE BORN CITIZEN AT LEAST 35 YEARS OLD U.S. RESIDENT FOR 14 YEARS ELECTED TO A 4 YEAR TERM NO TERM LIMITS SET IN THE U.S. CONSTITUTION 22 AMENDMENT SET A 2 TERM LIMIT. $400,000 A YEAR PLUS $50,000 ALLOWANCE USE OF AIR FORCE ONE AND A FLEET OF CARS AND HELICOPTERS WHITE HOUSE AND CAMP DAVID
11 VICE-PRESIDENT: QUALIFICATIONS, DUTIES AND BENEFITS QUALIFICATIONS DUTIES BENEFITS MUST MEET THE SAME QUALIFICATIONS AS THE PRESIDENT TAKES OVER IF THE PRESIDENT DIES OR IS REMOVED FROM OFFICE $186,300 ANNUALLY
12 VICE PRESIDENT SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE PRESIDENT PRO-TEMPORE OF THE SENATE MEMBERS OF THE CABINET IN THE ORDER IN WHICH THEY WERE CREATED ORDER OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION
13 PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION AND AMENDMENTS 8 U.S. PRESIDENTS HAVE DIED WHILE IN OFFICE. 1 RESIGNED IN EACH CASE, THE VICE PRESIDENT TOOK THE OATH OF OFFICE AND BECAME PRESIDENT AS PROVIDED BY THE CONSTITUTION. 25TH AMENDMENT ADOPTED IN 1967 NEW PRESIDENT PICKS HIS VP
14 WILLIAM H. HARRISON, NATURAL CAUSES John Tyler-Vice President
15 ZACHARY TAYLOR, NATURAL CAUSES MILLARD FILMORE: VICE PRESIDENT
16 ABRAHAM LINCOLN, ASSASSINATED Andrew Johnson- Vice-President
17 JAMES A. GARFIELD, ASSASSINATED CHESTER ARTHUR- VICE PRESIDENT
18 WILLIAM MCKINLEY, ASSASSINATED THEODORE ROOSEVELT- VICE PRESIDENT
19 WARREN HARDING, NATURAL CAUSES CALVIN COOLIDGE- VICE PRESIDENT
20 FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, NATURAL CAUSES HARRY S. TRUMAN-VICE PRESIDENT
21 JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATED LYNDON JOHNSON- VICE PRESIDENT
22 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT COMMANDER IN CHIEF: COMMANDER OF ALL OF THE ARMED FORCES. It is said that the president wears many hats -that is he has many roles. FDR s selection of Dwight D Eisenhower as the Supreme commander of the Allied forces was a show of the presidents power
23 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT CHIEF LEGISLATOR: RECOMMENDS LAWS TO CONGRESS APPROVES/VETOES LAWS
24 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT ECONOMIC PLANNER: PREPARES THE BUDGET
25 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT JUDICIAL POWERS: APPOINTS FEDERAL JUDGES PARDONS/REPRIEVES Time to poke some fun at some of our past presidents who have pardoned some questionable choices
26 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT POLITICAL PARTY LEADER: LEADER OF HIS POLITICAL PARTY HELPS THE PARTY RAISE $$$ CAMPAIGN FOR PARTY MEMBERS
27 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT FOREIGN POLICY LEADER: SEEKS FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES MAKES TREATIES APPOINTS AMBASSADORS
28 HOW DOES THE PRESIDENT INFLUENCE LAWMAKING PROPOSING LEGISLATION (GIVING CONGRESS IDEAS FOR LAWS) GIVING THE STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS: Annual speech to Congress that is an important way for a President s agenda to be communicated to the public and to Congress
29 HOW DOES THE PRESIDENT INFLUENCE LAWMAKING APPROVING OR VETOING BILLS APPOINTING OFFICIALS TO CARRY OUT THE LAWS: The President appoints the heads of cabinet departments, independent agencies and regulatory commissions. APPEALS DIRECTLY TO THE PEOPLE
30 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS CONGRESS HAS THE POWER TO ESTABLISH, REORGANIZE AND TO ELIMINATE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS EACH DEPARTMENT AS A SPECIFIC AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY
31 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS (CABINET) HEADS OF THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS MAKE UP THE PRESIDENT S CABINET NOT MENTIONED IN THE CONSTITUTION, BUT EVERY PRESIDENT HAS HAD A CABINET ADVISE THE PRESIDENT AND HELP IMPLEMENT FEDERAL LAWS TITLE OF MOST CABINET MEMBERS IS SECRETARY HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IS THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
32 INDEPENDENT AGENCIES AND REGULATORY COMMISSIONS CREATED BY CONGRESS HELP KEEP THE GOVERNMENT AND THE ECONOMY RUNNING SMOOTHLY SEPARATE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS BECAUSE THEY PERFORM SPECIALIZED DUTIES HELP TO CARRY OUT FEDERAL LAWS PROVIDE PUBLIC GOODS AND SERVICES SUCH AS NATIONAL DEFENSE, HIGHWAYS AND THE POSTAL SERVICE ENFORCE FEDERAL LAWS ESTABLISH GUIDELINES THAT PROTECT HEALTH AND SAFETY OVERSEE THE WAY INDIVIDUALS AND COMPANIES DO BUSINESS
33
34 FORMED BY THE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES IN THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH 3 MILLION PEOPLE WORK IN THE BUREAUCRACY OPERATES UNDER HEAVY RULES AND REGULATIONS THAT CREATE RED TAPE THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY
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