All sentences are made up of. Words: smallest unit of a sentence Phrases Clauses Punctuation

Transcription

1 Sentence Types

2 All sentences are made up of Words: smallest unit of a sentence Phrases Clauses Punctuation

3 Phrase A group of words that lacks either a subject or a predicate (verb) or both Does not contain a complete thought Examples: has nothing on it (no subject) This guy s desk (no verb)

4 Clause A group of related words that has both a subject and a verb Two types Independent presents a COMPLETE THOUGHT Nobody was hungry Dependent NO COMPLETE THOUGHT After they ate all the candy

5 Phrase, Independent Clause, or Dependent Clause? 1. after watching the sunset 2. after he watched the sunset 3. he watched 4. it was a short time before the rehearsal began 5. an assistant to Mr. Howard 6. before we leave 7. the third house on the lefthand side of the street 8. Andrew went fishing 9. when it was time to leave the game 10.it seemed like yesterday 11.although the boys had finished practice 12.above the window

6 Grammar Foldable 1. Make your paper into a square 2. Fold the corners of the page into the center 3. Label each quadrant 1. Simple sentence 2. Compound sentence 3. Complex sentence 4. Compound-complex sentence **Inside flap will be punctuation notes and inside center will be examples

7 Simple Sentences A sentence that contains an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. A subject, a verb, and a complete thought The train was late. Mary and Samantha took the bus. You can add phrases to make simple sentences longer: Joe waited for the train. I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station.

8 Compound Sentences A sentence made up of two INDEPENDENT CLAUSES connected to one another with a COORDINATING CONJUNCTION and a COMMA Coordinating conjunctions are easy to remember with the acronym FANBOYS For And Nor Or Yet So But Examples: Joe waited for the train, but it was late. Reading is the best, and I can t wait to read another novel.

9 Compound Sentences How to punctuate FANBOYS (AKA coordinating conjunctions) connect two INDEPENDENT CLAUSES. Meaning: these two sentences could stand alone, but it s just better if we put them together BUT! Since they are independent and don t like to be part of a pair, we need a FANBOYS and a comma to keep the peace! **Here s an extra special fun fact: any time you put two independent clauses together with JUST a comma, and you (GASP!) forget the FANBOYS, the independent clauses get into a HUGE fight and this is called a comma splice!!!**

10 Complex Sentences A sentence that contains an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE and at least one DEPENDENT CLAUSE. Examples: oalthough my friend invited me to a party, I do not want to go. owhen he was younger, Mike read many comics. SUBORINATING CONJUNCTIONS, otherwise known as AAWWUBBIS words, turn independent clauses into dependent clauses!

11 Complex Sentences How to Punctuate How to punctuate: AAAWWUBBIS dependent clause, Independent clause AAAWWUBBIS clause. independent clause. Notice that when the AAWWUBBIS is first, you use a comma between. When the AAWWUBBIS (the dependent clause, remember) is second, you DON T use a comma. After he competes at a swim meet, John loves eating Doritos. John loves eating Doritos after he competes at a swim meet. Note: AAAWWUBBIS words aren t all the subordinating conjuctions, but they are the most commonly used ones!

12 Compound-Complex Sentences A sentence that contains two INDEPENDENT CLAUSES and at least one DEPENDENT CLAUSE (remember these have AAAWWUUBBIS words). Examples: Although Mitchell prefers watching romantic films, he rented the latest spy thriller, and he enjoyed it very much. Laura forgot her friend's birthday, so she sent her a card when she finally remembered.

13 Compound-Complex Sentences How to Punctuate COMBINE the rules for compound sentences with the rules for complex sentences Comma between independent clauses before the FANBOYS word If the dependent clause comes first, put a comma after it; if it comes second, no comma needed