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1 CHINA VEGETABLES 2000 ( ) :2025 ( ) IPM,,,, 5, %, ( ),, % 1,2,,, 3,4 ; 60,,,, 25 %,1. 1 5,,20 % 6, F. oxysporus f. sp. cucumerinum 5,6,4, 5 a (),, ( ) 1,, 30 %,,,, 10 % F. solani,,,, Verticillium dahliae ;,10 %80 %, ;, Pseudomonas solanacearum,, 20 %, 40 %80 20

2 (Meloidogyne incognita), 5 %30 %,, 34 a () 100 %, 60 % ; 90,,, 10 %70 %, Pythium aphanidermatum Rhizoctonia solani Botrytis cinerea F. solani Sclerotium rolfsii,1. 4,,Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans,xanthomonas %80 %, 100 %, Pseudoperonospora cubensis,10 %20 %, X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, 20 % 40 %, 10 % ; Phytophthora infenstans, P. syringae pv. tomato, 80 %, 80 %, 30 % 70 % () P. capsici (), () 25 %, X. campestris pv. phaseoli 50 % Erysiphe cichoracearum,, 90 % % Alternaria cucumerina Septoria apiicola 70 %(CMV TMV), P. Colletotrichum orbiculare Mycosphaerella melonis,a. f ulva 1. 3 melonis 20 %, solani Fulvia 80,,, 30 %80, Cladosporium cucumerinum 30 %,,,, campestris pv. cicirbitae P. marginalis pv. marginalis, Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense,10 %, ( WMV), 30 %, 1. 6 B. cinerea, B. squamosa,, 10 %, 50 %, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 21

3 15 % ; 20 %,30 %50 % 7 8,9,,, 3,,, %100 %,95. 5 % Trialeurodes vaporariorum % 10, () Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Liryomyza sativae L. 11 Huidobrensis, 1993, ( ),(Wilfreid et al,1999),, Bemisia tabaci Spodoptera exiqua, Prodenia litura 80,,Plutella xylostella 667 m kg, Thrips palmi Aculops lycopersici,,, 15,667 m 2 200,, Helicoverpa armigera, 100, 20 %,(),667 m Aphis gossypii Myzus persicae Tetranychus urticae T. ( ) Bradysia odoriphaga, cinnabarinus , () 20 % 7 d () 1 5,,,,: 12,,,90 (R),, ; , ,14 ; 80 22

4 ,, 15,16, ( > ) %81. 5 %( CO 2 ), ( ), ,73. 4 % 8417 %30. 7 %, , ; , 667 m ,, 34 2, mg kg - 1, , 70 %,,,667 m 2,1/ 3 1/ , %,, % ;,, (10 ) 100 %, 80 %, 50 % ,, (10 ),, ;,,,, 1 605,3. 2,1991, 100 5, , 600,,,,, , ; kg, 0. 51,,,, 23, - 2, :, 23

5 CO 2 ; ;; ;, ( ), ;, ;,,,,,,,,,, / 2,,, (,1998),,: ,,,, ,,, ,,,,, 24, 1,..,1999 (3) :14 2..,1999 (4) :15 3..,1998 (4) : (). :,1998, (). :,1999, , 6,. 21.,1999 (1) :13 7,,.. (,). :,1999, ,,.. :,1992, ( ). :,1996, ,,,..,1990 (2) : ,..,1992 (3) : ,,.., 1993,20 (1) : ,,,. Bt.,1993,20 (3) :272

6 276 14,,..,1995,21 (2) : ,.. ( ). :,1992,66 22 Zadoks J C. Sustainable Crop Protection for the Benefit of All ,,..,1996,19 ( ) : Fresco L O. From Protecting Crop to Protecting Agricultural ,,,..,1996,19 ( ) : ,.. 25,,.. :,1998 (2) : Huffaker C B. New Technology of Pest Control. New York,. 1996,2 (3) : ,1995 ( ) : :,1994, In proceedings X International Plant Protection Congrees. 1995,56 Production Systems. X International Plant Protection Congrees. 1995,1 24 Lenteren J C van and Woets J. Biological and Integrated Pest Control in Greenhouse. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 1988,33 :236269,1997 :139262, Wiley. 1980, The Strategy of Diseases and Insect Pests Control for Sustainable Development in Protective Vegetables Production in China Zhu Guoren,Li Baoju ( Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Beijing ) Abstract There are over 60 important species of diseases and insect pests in vegetables crops under protected culture in China. Since 1975,Integrated Pest Management ( IPM) has been confirmed as a guiding principle of national plant protection. Currently,that the IPM technique systems of the vegetables pests based mainly on pesticides control,had adopted against the pests,the yearly average vegetables yield was over 25 % higher than that of without application of pesticides and the other control methods. The same term,the total vegetables yield reduction was still to over 20 %. Increasing dependency and overuse of chemicals have begun to pose serious problrms,such as adverse effects on natural enemies,pests resistance,excessive residues on harvested vegetables,environmental contamination,and heavy human health hazards. In this paper,the environmental feature and serious pests problem were discribeted, and the control level on protected vegetables pests in our country is significantly lower than that in Netherland. According to the thinking of sustainable agriculture and theory of IPM,the sustainable plant protction strategies with emphasis on improving the structure and equipment to get optimum environmental conditions in greenhouse and plastic shed. That will bring prosperous future on protected vegetables protection system, to promote the vegetables production and to realize good social,economical and ecological benefits. Key words Protected vegetables, Sustainable development,pests control,,,,,,,( m 2 ), 1 a (), : 30, : : (010) com. cn : 25