OBSAH 2/2016. VINDIŠOVÁ, J.: Neurobiologické aspekty detskej hry... 95

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1 OBSAH 2/2016 VINDIŠOVÁ, J.: Neurobiologické aspekty detskej hry PSYCHOLÓGIA A VÝCHOVNO-VZDELÁVACÍ PROCES DOČKAL, V.: Etický rozmer edukácie nadaných detí METODIKY A KONZULTÁCIE KOVÁČIKOVÁ, D. BALÁŽOVÁ, M.: Aspergerov syndróm a jeho miesto medzi poruchami patriacimi do autistického spektra MAJDÁKOVÁ, J. SLAVKOVSKÁ, M.: Aplikovaná behaviorálna terapia detí s poruchami autistického spektra KRÁTKE INFORMÁCIE HANIŠÁK, T.: Osobnosť profesionálneho rodiča KÖVEROVÁ, N.: Osobnostné charakteristiky ako prediktory figurálnej tvorivosti SPRÁVY 21. svetová konferencia WCGTC v Odense (J. LAZNIBATOVÁ)

2 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s NEUROBIOLOGICKÉ ASPEKTY DETSKEJ HRY JANA VINDIŠOVÁ Katedra psychológie Filozofickej fakulty Trnavskej univerzity, Trnava NEUROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHILD S PLAY Abstract: The aim of the present article is to offer a complex perspective on the role of unstructured play in emotional and social development of a child with a special emphasis on neurobiological correlates of the mentioned processes. The need for play is a part of genetic makeup and at the same time an essential condition of epigenetic construction of the mature social brain. Special attention is paid to negative effect of traumatic events that make free play in the conditions of secure relationship impossible. A starting point is S. Porges s polyvagal theory that describes functioning of autonomic nervous system in the conditions of security and threat. On the basis of presented findings, the implications for practice of nondirective play therapy are formulated. This kind of a therapy can serve as an effective device for modification of immature regulatory mechanisms as well as for traumatic experiences treatment. Key words: child s play, trauma, S. Porges s polyvagal theory, play therapy

3 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s ETICKÝ ROZMER EDUKÁCIE NADANÝCH DETÍ VLADIMÍR DOČKAL Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava, SR ETHIC DIMENSION OF GIFTED CHILDREN EDUCATION Abstract: The author reflects on ethical problems that are connected with gifted children education. He starts with the very concept of giftedness; continues with questions of identification and selection of talents, their labeling, focusing of education on various fields, forms of education (segregated and integrated); and closes with relationships between psychologists, parents, school and teachers. Furthermore, the author brings to the attention individual and social aspects of work with the gifted. He considers this work as ethical in the case, when its aim is to help all the children to fulfill their right to individual development without any discrimination and to synchronize needs of such development with needs of society. Indispensable, although not sufficient condition of talent support ethics, is its expertness. The responsibility for the ethics in approach to the gifted is in the hands of particular experts. The author s thoughts are accompanied by historic discursions and concrete experiences gained from psychological and pedagogical work with gifted children in Slovakia. Key words: ethics, giftedness, gifted children, identification of gifted, selection of talents, gifted education, labelling

4 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s ASPERGEROV SYNDRÓM A JEHO MIESTO MEDZI PORUCHAMI PATRIACIMI DO AUTISTICKÉHO SPEKTRA DANIELA KOVÁČIKOVÁ MÁRIA BALÁŽOVÁ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava ASPERGER SYNDROME AND ITS PLACE AMONG AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS Abstract: The present article offers an overview of diagnosing development in the field of autism disorders from the historical beginnings till the present times. From Kanner s first definition of autism till today, criteria of diagnostic manuals keep changing even though the nature of the disorder remains unchanged. Often, it is problematic to diagnose autism in children who otherwise do not meet criteria for the disorder according to manuals, but their problems are obviously typical for the autism spectrum. The present article offers an overview of the last prevalence studies about the occurence of autism and discusses the allocation of Asperger syndrome diagnosis from the last DSM 5. Key words: autism spectrum, Asperger syndrome

5 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s APLIKOVANÁ BEHAVIORÁLNA TERAPIA DETÍ S PORUCHAMI AUTISTICKÉHO SPEKTRA JANA MAJDÁKOVÁ MIRIAM SLAVKOVSKÁ Katedra psychológie, Filozofická fakulta, Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika, Košice APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS Abstract: In the present research, the attention was paid to the effect of applied behavior analysis (ABA) in children with autism spectrum disorders in comparison with the TEACH method combined with the PECS system. ABA does not belong to long time used intervention methods in Slovakia. The primary sample included 12 parents of children with autism spectrum disorders coming from Košice and Prešov Region, whereas, their duty was to evaluate progress of their children after two years of various intervention methods using. The research results show, in spite of listed limits, that ABA is helpful when it comes to progress of children with autism spectrum disorders and its results are comparable with results of other forms of intervention for children with there disorders. Key words: autism spectrum disorders (ASD), applied behavior analysis (ABA)

6 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s OSOBNOSŤ PROFESIONÁLNEHO RODIČA TOMÁŠ HANIŠÁK Detský domov Dobšiná PERSONALITY OF PROFESSIONAL PARENT Abstract: The present article offers basic information about problem of professional parenthood together with brief information about its formation in Slovakia. Furthermore, some findings regarding personality of professional parent are presented. Personality characteristics of professional parents coming from the Košice Region were investigated through the NEO-FFI questionnaire, whereas, also the personality hardiness was measured with the help of Kobas s scale the Personal Views Survey. It seems that the examined group of professional parents reached the average level in all monitored personality dimensions, with a tendency towards extroverted attunement and a higher level of agreeableness and also hardiness. Exception from the noted above is dimension Conscientiousness, where the professional parents reached below-average level. The problem needs further investigation. Key words: professional parent, personality, neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, hardiness

7 dieťaťa, 50, 2016, č. 2, s OSOBNOSTNÉCHARAKTERISTIKY AKO PREDIKTORY FIGURÁLNEJ TVORIVOSTI NATÁLIA KÖVEROVÁ Inštitút psychológie, Filozofická fakulta Prešovskej univerzity v Prešove PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS AS PREDICTORS OF FIGURAL CREATIVITY Abstract: This study was focused on investigation of personality predictors of figural creativity. Totally, 253 high school students took part in the research. The research results indicate an existence of two significant predictors of figural creativity openness to experience and gender (belonging to male gender). However, gender expressly showed as important only by using one of the forms from the Urban s test. No other personality characteristics from the Big Five were confirmed as significant. In the further research, we recommend to verify, in relation to creativity, also other variables, concretely additional personality characteristics, motivation, or siblings constellations. Key words: creativity, personality characteristics, high school students