Livelihood and Landscape Strategy (LLS) - Miyun Watershed, Beijing, China

Transcription

1 Better Forest, Better Water, Better Lives 兴林, 净水, 益民 Livelihood and Landscape Strategy (LLS) - Miyun Watershed, Beijing, China ZHUANG Hao IUCN China Program Coordinator International Conference on Watershed Management Chiang Mai, March 2011

2 Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy (LLS): SUMMARY Donor: DGIS (Dutch) Duration: Global budget: 16.0 million Inception period: April - September 2007 Geography: Africa: Upper Guinea, Sahelian dry-lands, the Great Lakes region, Eastern and Southern Africa, the Congo Basin Latin America: Brazil, Mesoamerica Asia: China, India, Indonesia, Lower Mekong Region (involves 7 Asian countries, 11 forest landscapes and 25% of global budget) 2

3 The formal LLS goal: The establishment of national and local policies and programmes that optimise forest s contribution to rural poverty reduction, enhances long-term and equitable conservation of biodiversity and ensures the sustainable supply of forest-related goods and services 3 3

4 LLS themes and slogans 1. Poverty reduction: forests as an asset for the rural poor 2. Markets & incentives: making forest values count 3. Governance (FLEGT): improving arrangements for making decisions 4. Transforming landscapes: demonstrating forest landscape restoration 4

5 Water Resources in Beijing Beijing is a large city suffering from serious water shortage, with water resource share below 300m 3 per capita, 3.5% of world average <300m 3 (m 3 ) Beijing China World The bottom line of water resource share 1000 m3 per capita 5

6 Miyun Reservoir Watershed The total watershed area is about 15,780 km2 4,500 km2 is located in Beijing 70% of the drinking water supply for Beijing s 17 million residents. One of the most important watersheds in the whole of China Success would be relevant to over 4000 watersheds supplying drinking water to 655 cities in China 6 6

7 Pilot site brief introduction 2011/3/15 7 7

8 8

9 Photo by Deng Weijie 9

10 Beijing Forest Landscape Forest coverage in Beijing Region 1949: 1.3% 2008: 35.5% 10

11 Beijing Forest Landscape Current Challenges: Monoculture, young forest, High density, sub-healthy, lack of management Results: compromised watershed function, and lower biodiversity and carbon values. 11

12 Our Goal LLS started in year 2007in Miyun watershed, with the aim to: Test the Livelihood and Landscape Strategy which aims to simultaneously address human and environmental needs in specific, large areas of land through negotiating trade-offs on multi-function land use decision among stakeholders. 12

13 What do we do Forest Landscape restoration (FLR) (demonstration) Close-to-nature forest management practice Participatory Forest Management Plan endorsed County Forest Bureau Local livelihood and poverty Fuelwood collection practice Energy-efficient Kan bedding system Self-management and self-development capacity 13 Multiple Stakeholder Cooperation/ Dialogue Multiple stakeholder dialogue between Beijing and Hebei province governments Test and propose potential compensation strategies to the government

14 LLS China: pilot sites interventions - FLR Forest Inventory Forest management plans Biodiversity survey Social economic survey Close-to-nature Silviculture treatments reserved trees target trees disturbance trees 14

15 Plant species at least 12 rare and endangered plant species Forest Inventory 15

16 Biodiversity survey Top left: Golden Eagle (National protected I) Bottom left: Eurasian Sparrowhawk (NP II ) Middle: Rhesus Monkey (NP II ) Right: Pere David's Rock Squirrel 16

17 Participatory Forest Management Plan Participatory mapping; Resource and transect map Forest management team (government funded) 17

18 target trees Field Practice reserved trees disturbance trees 18 The forest authority approve the harvesting quota with about 100 m 3 in year 2009.

19 Project Leverage Sino-German project in the region. 15,000 ha 17 townships BJ & HB Global Partnership of Forest Landscape Restoration (GPFLR) SFA, representing China, joined GPFLR in year 外业调查技术培训 19

20 Communication and advocacy Pilot site signage LLS in China Brochure FLR Handbook (Chinese version) Pilot site signage Mr. Hilary Benn talking to Huayuan villagers Public media s report of the project 20

21 LLS China: pilot sites interventions local livelihood Huayan Village Poor/average 58% Xiawopu Village "Poor" 13% "Rich" 10% "Middle" 24% "Rich" 18% "Middle" 77% 227 HH, 658 people. Per capita income 4500 RMB 74% of income from off farm employment, 17% from agriculture, 9% from forests. 233 HH or 734 people. Per capita income 1100 RMB 50 % earned in the Village comes from farming, 30% is generated from outside employment, 10% from forest products. 21

22 LLS China: Landscape baselines 65% forest cover, huge social economic difference between Beijing and Hebei province 22

23 Baseline survey and analysis Socio-economics survey: NTFPs and Markets 23

24 Energy saving and improvement Livelihoods Understanding Fuel wood use training on fuel wood collection Reducing dependence on fuel wood by Kang renovation Providing farmers cooperative training to build capacity 24

25 LLS China: Landscape intervention - MSD + Importance of water in the region Cooperation Agreement and platform between Beijing and Hebei Government Rapid economic development rate, and economic difference between two province place a basis for compensation - Scientific data as back-up Willingness to trade-off between two governments Policy support 25

26 LLS China: Landscape intervention - MSD 1970 s 1980 s

27 LLS China: Landscape intervention - MSD Carbon sequestration function map Watershed function map 27

28 Based on a series of research the project supported and information collected, at least 3 stakeholder dialogues are organised between Beijing and Hebei government and agencies to sharing information, and discuss potential compensation strategies and strengthening collaboration. Multiple Stakeholder Dialogues 28

29 Lessons Learned Allow an evolving concept of landscape. The importance of inclusivity and integration. Leveraging small changes can have big effects. It is necessary to balance landscape and livelihood approaches and goals There is great value in adopting adaptive management and learning approaches. 29

30 More information on this project can be found on our website at: and go to China Program THANK YOU! 30 Contact Info IUCN China Program Address: Tayuan Diplomatic Compound 1 Xindong Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing CHINA Tel: hao.zhuang@iucn.org