Plastics & Composites Performance : Cost. Dr. Chris DeArmitt (FRSC CChem) Plastics Research BASF AG

Transcription

1 Plastics & Composites Performance : Cost Dr. Chris DeArmitt (FRSC CChem) Plastics Research BASF AG

2 Outline Introduction BASF & Plastics What are the main mechanical properties? Plastics performance : cost Fillers how they affect properties and cost in PP High performance fillers, e.g. glass fibres in PP, nylon and PBT Conclusions

3 BASF & Plastics BASF is the world s leading chemical company 87, employees Chemicals, Plastics, Performance Products, Agricultural Products & Nutrition, Oil & Gas Turnover 33.4 Billion Euros ~26 % of that is Plastics Plastics are: PS, HIPS, SAN, ABS, ASA, MABS, ABS/PA, SBS, PA6, PA6,6, POM, PBT, PSU, PES, PUR (PE, PP & PVC)

4 Plastics properties & price

5 Tensile Testing Stress or Force (MPa) Brittle failure Yield Ductile failure Increasing temperature Lower testing speed Plasticiser added Break or ultimate Energy to break Strain or elongation (%)

6 Modulus : Materials cost SAN 3 PS PET PMMA Modulus (GPa) PP-h HIPS PP-c HDPE PVC ABS PA6 POM PBT PC PA6,6.5 LDPE Price of Material ( / litre)

7 Strength : Materials cost 8 7 SAN POM PMMA Tensile Strength (MPa) PVC PS PP-h HIPS PP-c HDPE PET ABS PA6,6 PA6 PC PBT 1 LDPE Price of Material ( / litre)

8 HDT : Materials cost 14 PC 12 POM HDT 1.8 MPa ( C) PP-h PP-c PS SAN HIPS PVC ABS PET PA6 PMMA PA 6,6 PBT 4 HDPE LDPE Price of Material ( / litre)

9 Impact : Materials cost Notched Charpy Impact (kj/m²) LDPE HIPS PP-c HDPE PVC PP-h PS PET ABS SAN PMMA PA6 ABS/PA ASA PC ABS /PC PA PBT POM CAP MABS Price of Material ( / litre)

10 Fillers effect on performance

11 Modulus change with Fillers Modulus (GPa) Glass Fibre Mineral Fibre Mica Talc CaCO3 Wood Fibre Nanoclay Wollastonite Filler Volume (%)

12 Strength change with Fillers Yield Stress (MPa) Glass Fibre Mineral Fibre Mica Talc CaCO3 Wood Fibre Nanoclay Wollastonite Filler Volume (%)

13 HDT change with Fillers HDT 1.8 MPa ( C) Glass Fibre Mineral Fibre Mica Talc CaCO3 Wood Fibre Wollastonite Filler Volume (%)

14 Impact change with Fillers Notched Charpy Impact (kj/m²) Glass Fibre Mineral Fibre Mica Talc CaCO3 Wood Fibre Wollastonite Filler Volume (%)

15 Plastics / composites cost

16 Composite versus Plastic Modulus & Cost Modulus (GPa) PP-h PP-c PP GF PA6,6 GF PBT GF PP Chalk PP Talc PP Mica PP Mineral Fibre PS PVC HIPS HDPE LDPE SAN PET ABS PMMA PBT PC PA6 POM PA6, Cost of Material ( / litre)

17 Composite versus Plastic Tensile yield strength & Cost Tensile Strength (MPa) PP GF PA6,6 GF PBT GF SAN 6 PVC PET PS 4 ABS PP-h HIPS 2 PP-c HDPE LDPE POM PMMA PC PA6 PBT PA6, Cost of Material ( / litre)

18 Composite versus Plastic HDT & Cost 25 PP GF PA6,6 GF HDT 1.8 MPa ( C) 2 15 PBT GF 1 SAN ABS PS HIPS PP-h PET PVC 5 PP-c HDPE LDPE PA6,6 PMMA POM PA6 PC PBT Cost of Material ( / litre)

19 Composite versus Plastic Impact resistance & Cost 5 PA6 PC PA6,6 PP GF Notched Charpy Impact (kj/m²) LDPE PET ABS PA6,6 GF PBT GF PP-c HIPS PBT 1 HDPE PVC POM PP-h SAN PS PMMA Cost of Material ( / litre)

20 Plastics / composites density

21 Composite versus Plastic Modulus & Density 1 PP GF 8 PA6,6 GF PBT GF Modulus (GPa) 6 4 ABS 2 PP-h HIPS PP-c HDPE LDPE PS SAN PA6 PA6,6 PMMA PC PET PBT POM PVC Density of Material (kg / litre)

22 Composite versus Plastic Tensile yield strength & Density 2 Tensile Strength (MPa) PP GF PA6,6 GF PBT GF 5 PP-h HDPE PS 25 PP-c HIPS LDPE SAN PMMA PC PET ABS PA6,6 PBT PA PVC POM Density of Material (kg / litre)

23 Composite versus Plastic HDT & Density 25 PP GF HDT 1.8 MPa ( C) PP-c 5 ABS PS PP-h HIPS SAN HDPE LDPE PA6,6 GF PBT GF PA6,6 PA6 PC PMMA PET PBT POM PVC Density of Material (kg / litre)

24 Composite versus Plastic Impact resistance & Density 5 PA6 ABS/PC PA6,6 PC ASA/PC PP GF Notched Charpy Impact (kj/m²) LDPE ABS ABS/PA ASA CAP PET PA6,6 GF PBT GF HIPS MABS PBT PP-h 1 HDPE PP-c PVC PS SAN PMMA POM Density of Material (kg / litre)

25 Conclusions Main mechanical properties are modulus, strength, HDT and impact resistance Thermoplastics cover a wide range of performance and price Filler can be used to alter properties Fillers impart properties not attainable in the unfilled plastics Fillers give the best balance of performance and materials cost Fillers give the best performance for a given weight