HTML Recitation Notes

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Cody Poole
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1 HTML Recitation Notes Basic Structure of HTML program <html> <head> <title>title of the Page</title> </head> <body> Content of the Page </body> </html> The order in which you open and close the tags is important! The content between <html> & </html> describes the webpage. The content between <body> & </body> describes the visible content of the webpage. Basic Tags Bold: <b>text appears bold </b> Italics: <i> Text appears in Italics </i> Underline: <u> Text appears underlined </u> Paragraph: <p> Text appears in a paragraph </p> Line Break: <br/> Horizontal Line: <hr/> Heading tags (in descending order of size): <h1>text</h1>, <h2>text</h2>, <h3>text</h3>, <h4>text</h4>, <h5>text</h5>, <Text</ Hyperlink: <a href= URL target= _blank >Text to appear on webpage</a> target= _blank is to open the link page on a new window/tab Image: <img src= Path to Image alt= some text /> alt= some text is to display some alternate text in case there is an error uploading the image. Basic Structure of a List Unordered List:- <ul type= disc > <li> Item 1</li> <li> Item 2</li> <li> Item 3</li> </ul>

2 Ordered List:- <ol type A > <li> Item 1</li> <li> Item 2</li> <li> Item 3</li> </ol> Basic Structure of Table <table> </table> <tr> -----> Start of Row 1 <td> Row 1, Cell 1</td> -----> 1 st Cell on Row 1 <td> Row 1, Cell 2</td> -----> 2 nd Cell on Row 1 </tr> -----> End of Row 1 <tr> -----> Start of Row 2 <td> Row 2, Cell 1</td> -----> 1 st Cell on Row 2 <td> Row 2, Cell 2</td> -----> 2 nd Cell on Row 2 </tr> -----> End of Row 2 Comment Tag:-  Mailto Tag:- <a href= mailto:xyz@rutgers.edu > Us</a> Cascading Stylesheets Apply style to all tags of a particular type throughout the page by placing the style tag in the head section. For example, let us set the style of h2 tag and the table tag for an entire page. <head> <style type= text/css > h2 font-family:verdana; color:blue;

3 table width:80%; height:50%; border-style:solid; border-color:red; </style> </head> This causes the content within <h2> in the entire page to be in Verdana and in blue. Also, wherever the <table> tag is used in the body, it is formed with the above confiugartions. Using a Stylesheet file to apply styles to entire website, Use <link rel= stylesheet type= text/css href= mystyle.css > in the <head> tag of each page in which the styles have to be included. The file mystyle.css should be in the same folder as each of the webpages it is being used in. It should contain only the content you would put within the <style></style> tags. There should be no tags within a.css file. For example, the content of mystyle.css could be (for the same example as above), h2 table font-family:verdana; color:blue; width:80%; height:50%; border-style:solid; border-color:red; Creating Hyperlinks to go to the Top/ Bottom of a Page To go to bottom of page from top, use the following tag at the beginning of the body section, <a name= top href= #bottom >Go to Bottom</a> To go to top of page from bottom, use the following tag at the end of the body section, <a name= bottom href= #top >Go to Top</a>

4 Attributes Format = <tag attribute= value > Each of the values can have specifications, for example <body style= background-color:red >, red is a specification for the value. Do check out all possible specifications for each of the values for the different attributes. Some of the Tags we did in the Recitation Tag Attribute Value Property <body> style background-image:url('photo.jpg') Sets the image photo.jpg as the background <body> style background-color:red Sets the background color to red <body> style background-color:rgb(x,y,z) Sets the background color to a combination of red, green and blue with x,y & z intensities <img> width 120 Sets the width of the image to 120 pixels <img> height 150 Sets the height of the image to 150 pixels <img> align top left right bottom Aligns the image according to the value <img> alt Text alt attribute specifies an alternate text for an image, if the image cannot be displayed <p> style font-family:verdana Sets the font for the text to Verdana in the paragraph <p> style color:red Sets the font color to red for <p> style font-size:14 Sets the font size to 14 for the text in the paragraph <p> style text-align Align the paragraph text <h1>...< style font-family:verdana Sets the font to Verdana for

5 <h1>...< <h1>...< style color:red Sets the font color to red for style font-size:14 Sets the font size to 14 for the text in the paragraph <ul> type disc/square/circle Forms an unordered list with bullet shapes as disc or square or circle respectively <ol> type 1/A/a/I/i Forms an ordered list with numbering as numerical or Uppercase Alphabetic or Lowercase Alphabetic or Uppercase Roman Numerals or Lowercase Roman Numerals <table> style height:50% Sets the height of the table to 50% of page. Height can be specified in terms of percentage or no. of pixels <table> style width:80% Sets the width of the table to 80% of page. Width can be specified in terms of percentage or no. of pixels <table> style border-style:solid Sets the style of the table border to solid <table> style border-width:2px Sets the width of the border to 2px <table> style border-color:green Sets the color of the border to green <table> style Border-spacing:1px Sets spacing of adjacent cells <table> border 1px Sets the border thickness to 1px (displays cells) <td> colspan 2 Extend the cell to span to 2 columns <td> rowspan 2 Extend the cell to span to 2 rows

Essential HTML & CSS for WordPress. Mark Raymond Luminys, Inc. 949-654-3890 mraymond@luminys.com www.luminys.com

Essential HTML & CSS for WordPress Mark Raymond Luminys, Inc. 949-654-3890 mraymond@luminys.com www.luminys.com HTML: Hypertext Markup Language HTML is a specification that defines how pages are created