Perstorp & Capa Caprolactones

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2 Perstorp & Capa Caprolactones World technology leader in the production & development of ε-caprolactone monomer, polyols and polycaprolactone polymers. Largest global production capacity to meet growing demands and to support new fast growth areas, such as bioplastics. Broad range of products with full technical support and expertise for formulations and applications development. 85% of Perstorp R&D devoted to creating more sustainable solutions.

3 Capa for bioplastics Enhancing biopolymer performance Biodegradable and stable. Certified compostable with fast biodegradability. Improves the mechanical properties of bioplastics. Compatible biopolymer enhancer. Easy to add and process. Opens up new opportunities for bioplastics.

4 Capa facilitates new opportunities for bioplastics Suitable for fridge and freezer applications Film applications for food Electronic equipment mobile handsets, casings Automotive parts Disposables plastic bags, compost bags, one-time use items Agricultural films, pots and plant clips Reusables cutlery, trays Just the beginning in broadening applications

5 Certified compostable with fast biodegradability Domestic and industrial compostability Superior bio compared to other biopolymers Within 45 days in the right conditions Improves the sustainability profile of bioplastics

6 Biodegradable and stable Hydrolytical stability Product Molecular weight, Mw* ph 4 ph 7 ph 9 Capa TM No No No Capa TM No No No Table 1: Results after 7 weeks at ph 4, 7 and 9 and 50 C. *Universal calibration by viscosity- and refractive index-detector. Product Molecular weight, Mw* PLA ph 4 ph 7 ph 9 75 % 75 % 75 % PBAT % 45 % 45 % Table 2: Results after 7 weeks at ph 4, 7 and 9 and 50 C. *Universal calibration by viscosity- and refractive index-detector. *The hydrolytical stability of Capa TM 6500 and 6800 were investigated according to the OECD guideline 111 Hydrolysis as a function of ph.

7 Biodegradable and stable Thermal stability Thermal stability* Capa 6500, from start (mean value) Capa 6500, 48 hours at 120 C Capa 6500, 7 days at 120 C Capa 6500, 6 hours at 160 C Capa 6500, 48 hours at 120 C Capa 6500, 6 hours at 160 C Mn, g/mol Mw, g/mol PD Universal calibration by viscosity and RI-detector Mn, g/mol Mw, g/mol Calibration relative polystyrene by RI-detector PD 27,000 52, ,000 94, ,000 50, ,000 90, ,000 54, ,000 94, ,600 52,800 1,9 57,500 91, Degradation Mw g/mol Degradation Mw % <1,000 <2% <1,000 <2% *Five replicate of Capa 6500 start sample, analysed at three different occasions. In the purpose to evaluate the deviation of the GPC-method. Degradation is calculated from the Mw with universal calibration

8 Capa performance enhancer Capa for Bioplastics - a biopolymer property enhancer Carrier o Easily pigmented and colored o High dispersion o Polar polyester Barrier o Breathable and soft o Moisture resistant o Grease resistant Adhesion o Excellent green strength o Good adhesion to a large variety of substrates o Outstanding tear strength Flexible at low temperatures o Good low temperature performance (Tg=-60) o Blending at low temperatures (Tm= 60) Capa for Bioplastics technical properties Good flow o Low-melt viscosity o Easy to apply o Fast penetration o Good dispersion o o Compatible Good compatibility with other polymers Property enhancer in polymeric blends Semi-crystalline & flexible o Strong o Durable o High elongation Biodegradable & stable o Biopolymer compatible o Compostable EN13432 o Biopolymer enhancer o Tailor-make bio o Thermally and hydrolytically stable

9 Capa - a compatible biopolymer enhancer Benefits * in blends with renewables: Moisture resistance and durability in blends with starch and thermoplastic starch (TPS) Enhanced flexibility and impact strength in blends with polylactides (PLA) Processing aid and improvement of mechanical properties together with polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA/PHB) Benefits in blends with fossil-based: Processing aid that favors bio Food contact approved Examples of Use Main component Additive Blends with other bioplastics * Benefits identified through different studies made by institutes and universities and presented in various articles

10 Load (N) Tensile Strength (MPa) Elongation at break (%) Fracture absorbed energy (kj/m 2 ) Capa compatibility Examples: PLA Improving mechanical properties of PLA ( ) Fracture absorbed energy PLA PLA/PCL15 Study on the crystallization, miscibility, morphology, properties of poly (lactic acid)/(ε-caprolactone) blends Jen-Taut Yeh 1.2.3, Ching-Ju Wu 1, Chi-Hui Tsou 1, Wan-Lan Chai 4, Jing-Dong Chow 4, Chi-Yan Huang 5, Kan-Nan Chen 6 and Chin-San Wu Static Impact Static load-displacement curves PLA PLA/PCL15 PLA/PCL20 PLA/PCL10 PLA/PCL PCL content (wt%) Tensile strength and elongation versus PCL contents in PLA/PCL blends Displacement (mm) Source: Toughening mechanism of bioabsorbable PLA/PCL polymer blend By: Mitsugu Todo, 1Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka , Japan

11 Capa compatibility Examples: PLA Source: STUDY OF RHEOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYLACTIDE AND POLYCAPROLACTONE BLENDS By: R UMAMAHESWARA RAO et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

12 Capa compatibility Examples: PHB PHB (wt%) Tensile modulus (GPa) Maximum Stress (MPa) Strain at maximum (%) 0 0,36 18,4 7,4 20 0,53 18,0 5,5 40 0,86 21,4 4,4 60 1,47 23,7 1,8 80 1,92 25,0 1, ,10 29,4 1,0 Properties P(3HB) P(3HB)/PCL Blending ratio (%) /30 Tensile Strength (MPa) 24,5 21,9 Elongation at break (%) Young's Modulus (GPa) 3,8 2,2 PCL= Capa 6800 Benefits with Capa for Bioplastics: Functions as a polymeric plasticizer Enhances the processability of PHB Reduces the thermal sensitivity Maintains the biodegradability Acts as a mold release agent Source: Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Injection Molded Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blends By: Marcia Adriana Tomaz Duartea, Roberson Goulart Hugena, Eduardo Sant Anna Martinsa, Ana Paula Testa Pezzinb, Sérgio Henrique Pezzina Source: Physical properties of poly(p-hydroxybutyrate )-poly(s-caprolactone) blends By: F. Gassner and A. J. Owent

13 Capa compatibility Examples: Thermoplastic starch (TPS) Overview of blends with TPS and PCL PCL (Wt%) TPS (Wt%) Strength (MPa) Elongation (%) Modulus (MPa) Source: Biodegradable blends of polycaprolactone with thermoplastic starch By: Gang Li, 2010 Improve the resilience and minimise the moisture sensitivity by adding PCL Formula/PCL (%) Modulus (MPa) Maximum Tensile strength (MPa) TPCL CAPA 6800 without TPS Source: Properties of thermoplastic blends: starch polycaprolactone By: L. Averousa,*, L. Moroa, P. Doleb, C. Fringantc Elongation at break (%) Impact strength (kj/m 2 ) > 550 No Break Starch 74/glycerol 10/water Starch 67/glycerol 18/water No Break No Break

14 Capa TM easy to add & process No pre-drying required Moisture resistant Printable and sealable Hydrolytically stable over a wide ph range Low melt temperature Thermally stable during processing Variable Melt Flow Index Good compatibility profile with other biopolymers Suitable for food contact

15 Our bioplastics service Pilot plant & sampling. Lab & innovation center. Analytics, testing & troubleshooting. Sustainable solutions. Technical services including: Formulation development & improvement Application development On the spot service & consultancy

16 APPENDIX Product & technical data 1. Approvals & certificates 2. Capa Thermoplastics for bioplastic applications and hotmelt adhesives 3. Product technical data sheet 4. Technical data for Capa Thermoplastics

17 Approvals and Certificates FDA Approvals for Indirect Food Contact 21 CFR for use as components of food packaging adhesives 21 CFR (c) (2) ii for use as components of adhesives used to bond laminates, provided they are separated from the food contact layer by a functional barrier 21 CFR for use in the manufacture of polyurethane resins used as the food contact surface of articles intended for contact with bulk quantities of dry foods. EU Food Contact The monomer used to make the Capa TM 6500D is found in the Union List contained in the Commission Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011. Accordingly, this product can be used in plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food as described in the Commission Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011, Article 6, parts 3(c) and 3(d). The total migration expressed as the sum of 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid and caprolactone into the food should be less than 0.05 mg/kg. The product is produced under GMP conditions according to the Commission Regulation (EC) No 2023/2006 of 22 December 2006 on good manufacturing practice for materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. Vinçotte Certification for Compostability Seedling / OK Compost Capa W2020 Capa TM W2021 Toy Declaration Capa 6500 and Capa 6800 are in compliance with the PARTICULAR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS listed in Annex II to DIRECTIVE 2009/48/EC part III.

18 Capa Thermoplastic product range Capa TM Thermoplastic polycaprolactones Thermoplastic polycaprolactones Grade Approximate molecular weight Appearance OH value (mg KOH/g) Melt Flow 80 C 1) Melt Flow 160 C 1) Melting range ( C) Capa TM ,000 Pellets circa 5 34 > Capa TM ,000 Pellets circa 4 16 > Capa TM ,000 Pellets circa 2 2, Capa TM 6500D 50,000 Pellets circa 2 2, Capa TM ,000 Powder circa 2 2, Capa TM ,000 Pellets circa 1 0,3 2, ) Melt flow index measured with standard die, 2.16 kg weight, g/10 minutes at indicated temperature

19 Product Technical Data Sheet Universal batches using CapaTM 6400 and CapaTM 6500 TI 1629 CapaTM 6500 in polymer blends TI 1632 Solubility of CapaTM 6500 in organic solvent TI 1633 Nucleating agents and their effect on Capa thermoplastics TI 1634 Biodegradable CapaTM Thermoplastics TI 1636 The use of CapaTM Thermoplastics in hotmelt adhesives TI 1638 Properties and processing of CapaTM Thermoplastics TI 1639 Rheology data sheet for CapaTM 6400, 6500 and 6800 TI 1642 Guidelines for Injection Molding of Capa Thermoplastics TI1 649 Hydrolytical stability of Capa Thermoplastics TI 1650 Biodegradability of Capa Thermoplastics TI 1651

20 Technical data for Capa Thermoplastics Property ASTM test Capa TM 6500 Capa TM 6800 Molecular Weight Mn, g/mol GPC, THF, 25 C 47,500 ± 2,000 69,000 ± 1,500 Mw, g/mol GPC, THF, 25 C 84,500 ± 1, ,000 ± 2,000 Mz, g/mol GPC, THF, 25 C 130,000 ± 5, ,500 Polydispersity (Mw/Mn) Melt Flow Index D C, 2.16 kg/10 min C, 21.6 kg/10 min C, 2.16/10 min Thermal Analysis /DSC) Melting point, C Heat of fusion, HM, J/g Crystallinity, % Crystallization temperature, C Glass transition temperature, TG, C Tensile Properties Yield stress, σ y, MPa D mm/min mm/min Modulus, E, MPa D mm/min mm/min Draw stress, σ d, MPa D mm/min mm/min Draw ratio, l d, x D mm/min >4.2 4 Strain at break, σ b, MPa D mm/min Strain at break, ε b, % D mm/min > Flexural modulus, E, MPa 2 mm/min D nd Hardness D2240 Shore A Shore D Viscosity Pas, 70 C, 10/sec 2,830 12,650 Pas, 100 C, 10/sec 1,353 5,780 Pas, 150 C, 10/sec 443 1,925

21 Questions? For more information contact: Linda Zellner Project Manager Bioplastics Mobile:

22 Thank you for your attention! Perstorp contributes to a better, more sustainable world by delivering innovative chemical solutions