Answer keys for Assignment 16: Principles of data collection

Transcription

1 Answer keys for Assignment 16: Principles of data collection (The correct answer is underlined in bold text) 1. Reliability denotes Precision Repeatability Reproducibility All of the above 2. Ability of a measurement to give the same result or similar result with repeated measurements of the same variable is Accuracy Reliability Both a and b None of the above 3. This should not be done in data collection Training of staff members Review of collected data for quality and completeness Manipulation of data Validation 4. State whether True or False: Supportive supervision is essential for a good data collection process True False 5. The collected data should be Complete Readable Consistent All of the above 6. Appropriate means to trouble shoot the difficulties in data collection process is Regular review meetings Facilitate the discussion to identify issues during the review Clarify the issues experienced by staff during data collection All of the above 1

2 7. Which of the following is true about the training of data collection staff? Conduct on-site training Conduct classroom training Both a and b None of the above 8. State whether True or False: There is no need to present the study and its objectives to the field investigators True False 9. Which one of the following is the proper way of validating the data? Repetition of full data collection in the same population Data collection in a new population Repetition of data collection in a randomly selected subset in the same population Repeat data collection not required 10. Roadmap of data collection is Question by question guide On site and off site training Pilot test Supportive supervision 2

3 Answer keys for Assignment 17: Data management (The correct answer is underlined in bold text) 1. Steps in data management include Defining a variable, creating a study database and dictionary Enter data, correct errors and create dataset for analysis Backup and archive data set All of the above 2. In a data management system each row represents a Variable Record Heading Appendix 3. Data documentation includes information about the following items Structure (Name, number of records etc) alone Storage information(media, location, backup information) Structure (Name, number of records etc),variables(name, values, coding), History(Creation, modification) and Storage information(media, location, backup information) Structure(Name, number of records etc) and Storage information(media, location, backup information) 4. Identifier in the database is Unique Maintained by a computerized index Secured by quality assurance procedures All of the above 5. When we are creating variable name it should be Clearly understandable and should refer to the questionnaire Long and can have spaces Consistent and without duplicates a and c 3

4 6. The design of data collection instrument data entry friendly Outline of major data collection topics/items Auto coding function All of the above 7. What are the specifications that we need to check before doing data entry Minimum and maximum values,legal codes, skip patterns Record name and description of record Automatic coding, copying data from preceding record and calculations Both a and c 8. When information is available at various levels (for eg at Village, Household, Individual and Illness episode) which of the following is true We can store information at each level in separate databases and link when necessary We cannot store information at each level in separate databases 9. In order to avoid duplication in data entry we should mark each questionnaire as the data entry is completed True False 10. The data dictionary is useful in the following situation When a database is shared with others When data is collected If the researcher has to get back to the database later Both a and c 4

5 Answer keys for Assignment 18: Overview of data analysis (The correct answer is underlined in bold text) 1. We need to avoid the following while performing data analysis Post hoc analysis Data drenching Stratified data analysis Both a and b 2. The three stages of data analysis are in the following order Descriptive stage, analytical stage and recoding stage Recoding stage, descriptive stage and analytical stage Analytical stage, descriptive stage and recoding stage Both a and c 3. In the descriptive stage of analysis we use logistic regression models True False 4. We need to avoid spreadsheet for data management and analysis of any type and size True False 5. Epi-Info is a software used for data entry and data analysis True False 6. In analytical stage of data analysis we perform the following in order Stratified analysis, univariate analysis and multivariate analysis Univariate analysis, stratified analysis and multivariate analysis Multivariate analysis, univariate analysis and stratified analysis Frequency analysis and univariate analysis 5

6 7. In case of descriptive studies which of the following is wrong We describe the study outcome for 1 group We describe the study outcome for 2 groups We calculate the incidence for cohort or surveillance data We calculate prevalence for cross sectional survey 8. In case of analytical studies which of the following is wrong We describe the study outcome for 2 groups We describe the study outcome for 1 group We calculate the relative risk for cohort studies We calculate odds ratio for case control studies 9. If we are doing an analytical study and the study outcome is of acute nature and rare condition what is the appropriate (i) study design and (ii) measure of association? Cohort study -relative risk Case control study odds ratio Cross sectional study-prevalence ratio Surveillance -Incidence 10. In which type of (i) research question and (ii) study outcome and (iii) disease condition (rare/frequent), we choose analytical cross sectional study design with prevalence ratio as the measure of association Descriptive type of research question - acute study outcomes-frequent disease condition ( 5%) Analytical type of research question chronic study outcomes-frequent disease condition ( 5%) Descriptive type of research question - acute study outcomes-rare disease condition (<5%) Analytical type of research question chronic study outcomes-rare disease condition (<5%) 6