Social Network Analysis for Communication Networks

Transcription

1 Social Network Analysis for Communication Networks Instructor: Suzan Bayhan Collaborative Networking (CoNe) Research Group Spring 2015, Seminar

2 Let s consider these questions How does a virus propagate in a group of people? How to tackle with the virus? Which people to vaccinate? For the new product, how can a company speed up its advertising or do viral marketing? Is an ISP s network robust to failures or attacks? Who is a popular person in a group of people? All questions seem to be from different domains but are related in a sense! 2

3 Outline About the seminar Practical Information: Requirements Seminar topics Next weeks schedule 3

4 The common abstraction Network: A simplified representation of a system to an abstract structure [Newman 2010] q Actors q Interactions (Ties) q Phenomena Social network: A network of people or group of people with some social interactions (e.g., friendship, business relations). 4

5 Social Network Analysis (SNA) SNA is a key technique used in many diverse areas from sociology, information science, economics to biological systems. SNA analyzes the relationships among actors of a system, e.g., human beings, corporations, countries, proteins. Structure for a complex system SNA helps understanding Diffusion of a phenomena (e.g., disease, idea, rumor) in a network Key actors in a network ( terrorist networks) Network robustness Capacity of networks (shortest paths, temporal shortest paths) 5

6 This seminar is about q Social network analysis (SNA) q Their application to communication networks: design and analysis Communication networks q Vertex: Routers, ISPs, mobile devices, computers q Edge: data transmission, communication link 6

7 At the end of the seminar You should be able to tell what these terms stand for! And more. 7

8 After the course Students are expected to q have a decent understanding of social network analysis q conduct research on SNA application to communication networks q become familiar with some software for SNA q know how to read/write/review a technical paper 8

9 The instructor expects from you And meet the seminar s successful completion criteria! 9

10 More quantitatively and formally q Pick a topic from the offered topics q Read papers on the topic q Write a report on the topic q Present your paper q Review two other reports written by your classmates q Lead the discussion on the reviewed paper q Attend the lectures (at least 80%) q An assignment to get familiar with the software 10

11 Deadlines for each task (Sharp) Topic selection Report on the topic Review peers Present the paper Jan. 17 Jan. 19 Feb. 13 March 14 Apr. 3 Apr Pick some network data Analyze it with Software Present All can be found on the course web page. Apr. 29 Start researching your topic immediately after topic assignment 11

12 Topic assignment q Submit your list the preferred 5 topics in decreasing order of preference: q If you have something in mind which is not listed in the topics list, please send an to the instructor with a description of what your proposed topic is. q Unfortunately, due to multiple students wishing to take the same topic, you may not be able to get your first preference. q Some topics will be assigned to more than one person. 12

13 Before starting q Pick a tex editor for your report q Pick a drawing software (remember a picture is worth 10K words) q Pick a plotting software (matlab, R, gnuplot etc.) 13

14 Report A report must include the following: 1. Clear explanation of the research domain network model, operation principles 2. Why is the tackled question important? 3. Why is it non-trivial? 4. The main approaches in the literature 5. The main idea/argument of the paper(s) 6. Possible directions (student s perspective) Expected report length is 6-7 pages in the following IEEE trans format. 14

15 For your report 1. Discover interesting papers via scientific search tools (Google Scholar, IEEExplore) 2. Choose high quality publications (IEEE/ACM Transactions on, SIGCOMM, Mobicom, Infocom etc.) 3. Read critically 4. Think what you liked about the paper, their assumptions, approach 5. Summarize the papers using your understanding and present them via attractive figures, tables etc. 6. Think about what would make the paper a better one, possible directions 15

16 Presentation q Introduce the basics of the topic q Make sure the audience can understand your presentation without reading the full papers (still you should read the reports!) q Keep your slides simple and vivid q Be prepared to answer questions from the audience q Before preparing slides, read how to give a good talk document and practice your talk a few times! q Before presenting, meet/communicate with the instructor. q Takeaways: Highlight some main points that you want the audience to get from your talk. 16

17 Reviewing reports q This aims to improve your reviewing skills as well as improving the quality of the reviewed report. q Get familiar with the topic of the reports by reading the related papers. q Before reviewing, read how to make a good review document in the seminar page. 17

18 Revising reports q Each student will receive two reviews q Consider the comments on the review reports seriously q Try to revise accordingly 18

19 Resources for reading/writing/ reviewing papers q Writing is an art, but can be learned/improved. q Your aim is to convey your ideas, not to make complicated, artistic sentences (sometimes can be). q Keep sentences simple and easy-to-understand. q Rules to write a good research paper by D.Lemire q How to read a paper? by S. Keshav q How to give a good talk by Simon Peyton-Jones q Notes on Reviewing Papers q Mendeley for organizing your soft-library 19

20 Assignment for SNA using a software q Application of what you learnt about SNA q Find some network data o Your own data or o Publicly available data such as and o Not very large or small network q Derive graph metrics using software q Short presentation on these metrics 20

21 q Paper report 40% q Presentation: 30% q Reviews: 5% Grading policy q Class participation: 10% q Project assignment: 15% q Missed deadlines: not accepted. q Plagiarism is unethical. Don t copy, be a good writer : Read the following on plagiarism 21

22 Topics All related research that: q Analyze a network using SNA q Design a network protocol/scheme using SNA 22

23 Topics 1. Information-centric networking (ICN, CCN) 2. Delay tolerant networks (DTNs), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) 3. Peer-to-peer Networks (P2P) 4. Temporal Networks and Temporal Metrics 5. Network Robustness and Criticality 6. Internet (ISPs, ASs, BGP) 7. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and Small Cells 8. Data Center Networks and Cloud Computing 9. Device-to-Device Communications (D2D) 10. Your own proposal (have to be discussed with the instructor) 23

24 Information-centric networking q Host-to-host communication to content centric approach q We are more interested in the content not who provides it! q YouTube, FaceBook q How to serve the customers with high efficiency (e.g., fast and with low cost) and securely? q Popular contents caching q Naming of the contents 24

25 Delay tolerant networks (DTNs), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) q No stable infrastructure or endto-end connectivity q Exploit the mobility q Nodes store-carry-forward the packets q Difficult to ensure delayguarantees à delay-tolerant q Wild-life tracking, inter-space, under-water communications q Mobility modeling q Opportunistic communication 25

26 Peer-to-peer networks (P2P) q Each computing device can act as both a client and a server q Distributed architecture (no single-point-of-failure) q Self-organizing network q File sharing systems q Understanding of the evolution of networks q Understanding the network structure q Designing fast and reliable architectures 26

27 Temporal networks & temporal metrics q Networks are not always static but time-evolving. q For these graphs, temporal networks are better representation q Static graph metrics vs. temporal graph metrics q Use of these temporal metrics in real world networks Network topology at time t Time (second, minute, day) 27

28 Network robustness and criticality Is a network robust to q Malfunctioning q Attacks q Local failures q Global failures q How to measure? q Which parts/edges/links of the network are more critical? 28

29 Internet (ISPs, ASs, BGP) Very broad term but this topic is more about the large scale Internet, such as ASs, ISPs, BGP 29

30 Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) q A mix of radio technologies (macro cells, small cells) q Each radio technology has its own advantages for specific scenarios q Macrocell à wide coverage, high power consumption q Small cells à small coverage, spectrum re-use, lower power consumption q How to decide on the best operation mode and optimize resource allocation? q Co-existence of different technologies 30

31 Data center networks &cloud computing q Dumb end-devices became smart (smart phones) q Computation moving from edge to the cloud q Cloud computing q Data centers: any large, dedicated cluster of computers that is owned and operated by a single organization.* q Energy consumption, resource scheduling, robustness *Network Traffic Characteristics of Data Centers in the Wild, Theophilus Benson, Aditya Akella, and David A. Maltz, ACM IMC

32 Device-to-device communications (D2D) Rather than following the cellular core network, communicate directly, i.e., device-to-device. Increased q spectrum efficiency q energy efficiency q cellular coverage Fig. 1. Representative use-cases of D2D communications in cellular networks. Image from: Arash Asadi et al. A Survey on Device-to-Device Communication in Cellular Networks, IEEE Communication Surveys and Tutorials,

33 Course page Seminar dates and meeting place: Wed 12:15-14 C Wed 12:15-14 C q We do NOT have meetings every week. Please check the schedule to see the meeting dates. q Please check regularly for the announcements: q My contact details: q Office hours: Friday Exactum q mysurname at hiit.fi 33

34 Important dates 34

35 Questions? Comments? 35