Propaganda Formal vs. informal tone Thesis statements Transitions Sentence types and errors Hopefully give back test!

Transcription

1 Propaganda Formal vs. informal tone Thesis statements Transitions Sentence types and errors Hopefully give back test!

2 Whose voice guides your choice? Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Propaganda techniques

3 Claim/Thesis Statement of your argument. Example: I am going to try to convince you that chocolate is a healthy snack.

4 Propaganda is form of communication aimed at swaying or influencing your attitude

5 Experts vs.big Names Experts? Professionals with specialized knowledge Big Names? Famous, Example: Former U.S. president Bill Clinton thinks that junk food should be taken out of vending machines. Big name or expert?

6 Quoting Experts Experts are professionals who work and or study a specific topic or area of knowledge. Often includes physicians, lawyers, professors, researchers and analysts.

7 Insert celebrity Ad Big Names

8 Statistics Factual information told in numbers or some measurable way. Example: A Snickers bar has 280 calories and 30 grams of sugar. That s not very healthy.

9 Emotional Appeal/Loaded Words The use of words that evoke strong emotional responses. Compassionate moms who love their babies choose B diapers. Gentle fibers nurture a baby s skin.

10 Emotional Appeal/Loaded language Specific words or images intended to connect a reader s emotional response to a persuasion topic. (sad puppy= adoption ads) Example: Your generous donation might just get this puppy off the street and into a safe home.

11 Emotional words example: luxury, beautiful, paradise, economical Used to evoke positive feelings Flag (patriotism) Happiness Fun

12 Glittering Generalities Similar to emotional appeal, language that works hard to play on your emotions, but isn t always logical. Pure, fresh, mountain spring water. Bottled especially for you in Utah from only our purest mountain springs. What seems a bit illogical to you?

13 Glittering Generality example: Gatorade: "Life is a sport, drink it up! That sounds good, but what does it mean??

14 Repetition A repeated phrase used to create a desired effect--- sometimes with the help of sound devices such as alliteration or assonance. You'll never put a better bit of butter on your knife." ~ Country Life Butter slogan

15 Research The use of scientific study to form facts and gather info Example: According to Dr. Spock, a representative from ABC Medical Center, a recent study found that students who watch TV during the week don t do as well in school.

16 Bandwagon Strategy that insists that everybody s doing it that the audience should join the majority 8 out of ten college athletes depend on Z sports drink to quench their thirst during the game.

17 Testimonial Relies on the story or experience of an individual with whom the audience can identify. Example: It s easy. It s fast. It feels good! And now, thanks to my purchase, I can shake it up at home where it s convenient,

18 What is Propoganda? Propaganda is the use of facts, ideas, or claims to persuade people to support a particular opinion. The trick: author s only provide facts and opinions that support their view.

19 What is Bias? Bias is an unfair prejudice about someone or something. It doesn t allow for exceptions. It usually shows extreme favor or disfavor for a product, group, etc.

20 Examples of Bias Individuals that wear all black? Others based on appearance? (What types of judgments do we place on certain styles of dress and appearance?) Bias based on ethnicity? (What things do we pretend to know about certain races or cultural groups?) Gender? (What do or can all girls do? Boys? How do boys act? Girls?) Geographic locations (like Kentuckians)

21 Formal vs. Informal? See video Letter editing activity

22 Transitions - First, similarly, on the other hand, therefore, consequently, finally, eventually, likewise, however, even though, although, Later, as a result, Sequence Compare Contrast Cause and Effect

23 Example of a thesis statement: A)Topic: nuclear power B). Opposing View: Nuclear power is a popular in some places. C) Opinion: Nuclear power is a not an reliable power source. D) 3 Reasons 1.It is potentially dangerous 2. It is more expensive than other alternatives. 3. It causes water, land and air pollution. Although it is popular in some states, nuclear power is not a reliable power source because it is dangerous, it is more expensive than the alternatives, and it causes pollution.

24 Thesis statement = A+B+C + D Although it is popular in some states, nuclear power is not a reliable power source because it is dangerous, it is more expensive than the alternatives, and it causes pollution.

25 Let s Try this A) Topic : Keep Study Hall or Get Rid of B) Opposing Opinion: C) My opinion: D) Three Reasons - - -

26 Main Idea? Detail? Not Supporting Detail (X)? 1. A study at one prison show that owning a pet can change a hardened prison inmate into a more caring person. 2. Another study discovered that senior citizens, both those living alone and those in nursing homes, became more interested in life when they were given pets to care for. 3. These animals are certainly helpful to mental illness, but require a lot of care, money, and maintenance. 4. Even emotionally disturbed children have been observed to smile and react with interest if there is a cuddly kitten or puppy t o hold. 5. Animals, then, can be a means of therapy for many kinds of individuals.

27 WARNING- Effort today may lead to a successful final exam Part Dashes 33. Sentence types 45. Quotation Marks 34. Sentence Errors 46. STOP 35. Redundancy 36. Transitions 41. Commas A, B, C, D, and E 42. Colons 43. Semi-colons If a term or item has an explanation next to it, note it PLUS at least one example exercise! Take this practice seriously, and tomorrow, you ll be glad you did!

28 Reading Strategies & Informational Text. An inference is an educated guess. Every good inference needs evidence from the text to support it. For a story, you should retell the plot elements. For Nonfiction, retell the main idea plus some major details.

29 Informational Reading STATED- Main idea is written directly in the article. It is usually the first sentence but can be anywhere in the paragraph. (Same as topic sentence) IMPLIED- Main idea is found by reading each sentence and deciding what major idea the author is trying to teach you using these sentences.

30 Summary vs. Paraphrase Summarize- Use the basic idea of a source, but make the summarized idea shorter and in your own words. Paraphrasing- Use the basic idea, but change the language and the order of the words. The idea and length do not change. What activities make these concepts important? (Think back to what we ve written this year)