Indicator Fact Sheet Theme WASTE CSI 017 Generation and recycling of packaging waste

Transcription

1 Indicator Fact Sheet Theme WASTE CSI 017 Generation and recycling of packaging waste Key message Quantity of packaging per capita, particularly plastic packaging, is increasing while quantity of packaging made of metal and wood is slightly decreasing. Use of paper and cardboard packaging is on noticeable increase. Certain amount of packaging waste is recycled in Croatia, although there is much more to be done considering the possibilities and installed capacities. Positive effects of enforcement of the latest Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste are already visible, but related data are not available yet. Figure 1: Consumption of packaging per capita, kg per capita year Source: Croatian Chamber of Economy, CBS Figure 2: Consumption of packaging, tonnes year paper/board glass plastics metals Source: Croatian chamber of economy, CBS

2 Figure 3: Recycling of packaging waste (including imported waste) in Croatia, tonnes year paper glass plastics Source: CEA NOTE: Imported quantities of waste included. Recycling of paper and cardboard packaging waste collected in 2004 is estimated to approx. 48,000 t. Amount of glass containers collected and recycled in 2004 was 13,000 t. Results and assessment Policy relevance Packaging waste represents a growing waste stream and it is important to implement measures aimed at achieving reduction in volumes of packaging waste generated. It is also important to reduce final disposal of such waste by reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery. National Environmental Strategy and National Environmental Action Plan introduced general measures in the field of municipal waste management. Further, Waste Management Strategy and Waste Act imposed a concept which is based on avoidance of waste generation and use of waste as material and for energy production, so as to reduce the amount of waste for permanent landfilling and thus lower the risk for the environment, climate and human health. The Strategy sets quantitative aims for recycling/recovery for 2010 and New Rules regulate handling of packaging and packaging waste, set up producer responsibility scheme, introduce taxes in order to increase the amounts separately collected for recycling and recovery and thus reduce the quantities at landfills. -National Environmental Strategy (OG 46/02) -National Environmental Action Plan, Waste Management Strategy (OG 130/05)

3 -Waste Act (OG 178/04) -Rules on Packaging Waste Management (OG 53/96) -Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste (OG 97/05 and 115/05) Assessment Quantity of packaging per capita is increasing. Use of packaging is increasing noticeably for paper and cardboard, glass and especially the packaging made from plastic, while the quantities of packaging made of metal and wood are slightly decreasing. Metal packaging is mostly disposed at landfills, while quantities of wood packaging are negligible. Until 2005, packaging waste management was regulated by the Rules on Packaging Waste Management, which was not properly enforced so the packaging waste made from paper and cardboard, glass, plastic and other composites mostly ended at landfills as municipal waste. Only approx. 17% of packaging waste was separately collected and recycled. Waste collection in containers and recycling yards is still most commonly used. Collection of paper and cardboard, organised across Croatia, is most developed. Two paper recycling facilities have capacity of approx. 400,000 t/year, but they recycle only ~200,000 t/year of total waste paper coming from the territory of Croatia, so they have to import waste paper for recycling. Recycling of packaging waste made of paper and cardboard collected in Croatia is estimated at approx. 48,000 t in The collection and recycling of glass containers is mainly organised in an area gravitating to the only recycling facility in northeast Croatia. Amount of glass containers collected and recycled in Croatia was 13,000 t in Until 2006, collection and treatment of other packaging materials (plastics, metal) was negligible in comparison with the estimated amounts generated Everything mentioned above lead to adoption of latest Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste (OG 97/05 and 115/05), which considerably contributed to increase in separate collection of packaging waste. The fees were introduced as an incentive for separate collection and recycling of packaging waste. The results are already visible. Separate collection and recycling of certain waste types have increased rapidly. More positive effects are expected from the further development of the packaging waste management system.

4 Table 1: Consumption of packaging, PACKAGING MATERIALS QUANTITIES OF PACKAGING WASTE (CONSUMPTION OF PACKAGING) Paper/board (tonnes) 91, ,945 96,128 96,755 Glass (tonnes) 81,560 83,827 81,908 97,667 Plastics (tonnes) 29,826 33,653 35,971 39,094 Metals (tonnes) 13,382 11,980 11,896 11,558 TOTAL (tonnes) 216, , , ,074 Wood (m 3 ) 19,144 26,155 22,034 17,908 Source: Croatian Chamber of Economy, Central Bureau of Statistics Table 2: Recycling of packaging waste (including imported waste quantities) in Croatia, Quantities of recycled paper and board packaging waste (originated in Croatia + import), tonnes 76,469 83, , ,212 Quantities of recycled glass containers (originated in Croatia + import), tonnes 12,675 13,812 14,533 16,768 Quantities of recycled plastic packaging waste (originated in Croatia), tonnes ,748 2,548 Source: Croatian Environment Agency NOTE: Imported quantities of waste included. Recycling of paper and cardboard packaging waste collected in 2004 is estimated to approx. 48,000 t. Amount of glass containers collected and recycled in 2004 was 13,000 t. Metadata Legal bases for the indicator: Waste Act (OG 178/04), Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste (OG 97/05), Rules on Waste Types (OG 27/96), Regulation on the Types, Categories and Classification of Waste with the Waste Catalogue and the List of Hazardous Waste (OG 50/05), Rules on Environmental Emission Register (OG 36/96) Data source(s): - Environmental Emission Register (EER/Waste Inventory) and other databases maintained by the Croatian Environment Agency Background information for drafting the State of the Environment Report, Ekonerg Estimations done by the Croatian Chamber of Commerce (Packagers Association) based on the statistical surveys and data provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics

5 Description of data: Definitions and waste types in Waste Catalogue have been harmonised with EU legislation. Data on packaging waste generation are based on estimations, while the data on recycling are based on data provided by waste operators. Geographical coverage: national Temporal coverage: Methodology and frequency of data collection: - Estimation by Croatian expert institutions, using also: - Annual data from the Environmental Emission Register (EER) based on questionnaires stipulated by the Rules on Waste Types (OG 27/96) and merged for all counties by the Croatian Environment Agency. Questionnaires on waste collection and treatment are filled out by authorised companies and delivered to county offices. By 15 June, all 21 county offices have to deliver the data (in electronic format) to the Croatian Environment Agency. - The latest Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste sets up the obligation of quarterly delivery to the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of data on quantities put on the market, and quantities of packaging waste recycled/ recovered. The first data received under this obligation have not been processed yet. Methodology of data manipulation (measurements): Estimation/calculation (for data on generation) Measurement/calculation (for data on recycling) Quality information (at data level): By the latest Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste (OG 97/05), a new data collection system for packaging waste was established in 2006, which will insure better data quality. Since 2006, data on quantities of packaging put on the market have been requested directly from producers/importers; however, until those data are processed, only rough estimation is available for , based on statistical survey data on production/import/export of packaging. Quantities of recycled packaging waste have been based on data delivered annually by waste operators to the Environmental Emission Register. The received data refer to waste paper and cardboard in general, not specifically to packaging paper waste. Hence, the data on recycling of paper and cardboard packaging waste are derived by estimations which imply that paper and cardboard packaging waste weight percentage is 55% of the waste paper and cardboard contained in total municipal waste.

6 Strength and weakness (at data level): Although stipulated by the Waste Act and by-laws, waste data collection system in Croatia has not provided data of sufficient quantity and quality. Lack of human resources in regional and local state administration offices, as well as inadequate software used for data processing cause inefficient data quality control and data availability. It is expected that passing of the latest Rules on Packaging and Packaging Waste will improve the management of packaging waste, including the data collection and management segment.