QUESTIONS FOR FINAL MODULE NUTRICIOLOGY

Transcription

1 QUESTIONS FOR FINAL MODULE NUTRICIOLOGY Questions on the theme "The role of nutrition in the ensuring of the vital activity of organism. Macro and micronutrients. Food Pyramid. Diet. Nutritional status. Diseases of nutritional disorders". 1. Definition of Science "Nutriciology." Goals and objectives of Nutriciology. 2. Definitions of nutrients, macronutrients, micronutrients, nutraceuticals, parapharmaceuticals, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, xenobiotics, nutritional supplements, dietary supplements. Functional foods3. Macronutrients, the classification, value for the body, food sources. 4. Micronutrients, classification, value for the body, food sources. The interaction of micronutrients. 5. The balance of macronutrients: proteins, fats, carbohydrates. 6 The biological value of proteins, essential amino acids and their role. 7 The biological role of fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol. 8. The value of different types of carbohydrates in the body. 9. The value of vitamins, fortification of products, the main causes of hypovitaminosis 10. Determination of Essential substances, their role in human health 11. The interaction of macro and micronutrients and drugs 12. The daily requirement of vitamins and elements. 13. The concept of a balanced (balanced diet) food. 14. The role of minerals in the body (iron deficiency anemia, goiter, etc.). 15. The food - as a complicated pharmacological complex. Pathogenic effect of food for diseases. 16. The definition of "nutritional supplements", the classification and functions. 17. The principles of preventive nutrition. 18. The rules of nutrition. 19. The metabolic syndrome. Intestinal dysbiosis, irritable bowel syndrome, syndrome of malabsorption, maldigestion. 20. Definition of the balanced diet. The daily diet. Energy and nutritional value of food. Calculation of daily energy expenditure.21. The definition of the Food pyramid. The principle of construction of the Food pyramid. 22. Nutritional status, and methods for its determination. 23. Therapeutic nutrition. Strategy and tactics of Therapeutic Nutrition. 24. Diseases of nutritional disorders. Diseases caused by failure of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and elements. Diseases caused by excess intake of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and elements. Hypo- and hypervitaminosis. Failure and excess of minerals.

2 25. Legal aspects of registration and quality control of food products and dietary supplements in Ukraine. Questions on the theme of "Food allergies and food intolerances 1. Give a definition of a food allergy. 2. The mechanism of food allergy. 3. List the food allergies. 4. List the high allergic food products. 5. List the products with moderate allergenicity. 6. List the products with low allergenicity. 7. What is an elimination diet? 8. The rules of cooking with food allergy. 9. Give the concept of food intolerance 10. List the types of food intolerance. 11. What is the enzimopathy? 12. Give the definition of phenylketonuria. 13. Give the definition of galactosemia. 14. Describe the lactase deficiency. 15. What is celiac disease? Describe it. 16. What are the causes of alcohol intolerance? 17. The principles of diet for patients with allergy and food intolerance. 18. Dietary supplements in the treatment of allergies. Questions on the theme "Dietary supplements" 1. Give the concept of "dietary supplements". 2. Characterize the main differences between drugs and dietary supplements. 3. Classification of dietary supplements. 4. The basic principles of the use of dietary supplements. 5. Characterize a group of nutraceuticals. Give examples. 6. Characterize the parapharmaceuticals. Give examples. 7. Characterize the group of eubiotics. Define the concept of "probiotics", "prebiotics", "symbiotiks" Give examples. 8. List the organizations responsible for monitoring the quality of dietary supplements 9. The basic requirements for the labeling of dietary supplements. Note the difference in the labeling of dietary supplements and drugs. 10. Consider the composition of dietary supplements,give the recommendations to the use according to the composition of dietary supplements. 11. Characterize the ingredients of dietary supplements: lecithin, chitosan, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, succinic acid, betaine, taurine, indole-3karbinol, chlorophyll, resveratrol, carnitine, ornithine, bee products: honey, propolis, pollen, pollen, royal jelly; cuff grass, meadowsweet herb, ginkgo biloba leaves, hibiscus flowers, the roots of lovage, herb of Centella, ash leaf, rhizome with the roots of angelica, garlic bulbs, St. John's wort grass, thallus of tsetrari, husk seed of

3 isfaguly, mullein flowers, fruits of saw palmetto, the bark of the African plum, olive leaf, bark of Garcinia, garpagafitum root, rhizome of tsimitsifugi, agrimony grass, rhizome of Potentilla white, bluegrass rhizome, stevia, rhizome of comarum, root of larkspur, mistletoe, ginger rhizome, grass clover, soybean seeds, thistle fruits, dietary fiber, milk vetch grass, spirulina, chlorella, shiitake, reishi, brewer's yeast, mummy. Specify the chemical composition and recommendation for use of these ingredients. Questions on the theme of "Obesity" 1. What is obesity? 2. What diseases provoke obesity? 3. Describe the abdominal type of obesity. 4. Describe glyuteo-femoral type of obesity. 5. Specify the causes of obesity. 6. Specify the preventive and therapeutic interventions for obesity. 7. List the basic principles of treating obesity. 8. Describe the daily diet for obesity. 9. What is anorexia? Describe the disease. 10. What is bulimia? Describe the disease. 11. What is cellulite? Describe it. 12. The principles of diet therapy for obesity. 13. Dietary supplements for the treatment of obesity. 14. Obesity, impact on life expectancy.. Questions on the theme "Diet in cardiovascular system diseases 1. List the diseases of the cardiovascular system. 2. The main causes of cardiovascular system diseases. 3. Factors contributing to the development of atherosclerosis. 4. Consumption of some nutrients recommended and not recommended for atherosclerosis. 5. What food and drinks should be excluded from the diet for coronary heart disease 6.Which diet is indicated in chronic heart failure. 7. Define hypertension 8. Diet recommmended for hypertension. 9. What foods and beverages should be excluded for the diet in atherosclerosis. 10. What are the main causes of myocardial infarction. 11. Medical nutrition in coronary artery disease. 12. The basic principles of nutrition in hypertension, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and others. CVD. 13. Dietary supplements for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

4 Questions on «Diet in diseases of the urinary system and the musculoskeletal system» 1. The definition of osteoporosis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 2. Definition of osteoarthritis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 3. Definition of rheumatoid arthritis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 4. Definition of bursitis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 5. The definition of low back pain, etiology, symptoms and diet. 6. The definition of ankylosing spondylitis,etiology, symptoms and diet. 7. Definition of periarthritis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 8. Definition of osteomyelitis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 9. Definition of bursitis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 10. Determination of gout, etiology, symptoms and diet. 11. Definition of nephritis (acute and chronic), etiology, symptoms and diet. 12. The definition of pyelonephritis (acute and chronic), etiology, symptoms and diet. 13. The definition of glomerulonephritis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 14. Definition of urolithiasis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 15. The definition of renal failure (acute and chronic), etiology, symptoms and diet 16. The definition of metabolic acidosis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 17. Definition of polycystic kidney disease, etiology, symptoms and diet. 18. Definition of amyloidosis, etiology, symptoms and diet. 19. The definition of cystitis (acute, chronic), etiology, symptoms and diet. 20. The composition of dietary supplements for the prevention and / or treatment of diseases of the urinary system. 21. The ingredients of dietary supplements for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. 22. Diet and recommendation for gout. 23. The ingredients of dietary supplements in diseases of the musculoskeletal system. 24. The ingredients of dietary supplements in diseases of the urinary system. Questions on "Nutritional correction of diabetes" 1. Factors contributing to the development of diabetes. 2. Describe the main symptoms of diabetes. Diabetes syndrome. Describe the types of diabetes. Key indicators that define diabetes. 3. Diet for diabetes. Give the chemical composition and energy value of the daily ration for this diet. 4. What is the glycemic index of foods. Describe the concept of simple and complex carbohydrates. 5. List foods with high, medium and low glycemic index.6. What is the bread unit. How to use this concept in the diet of diabetics. 7. Describe the diet of patients with diabetes. 8. Describe the concept of sugar substitutes and sweeteners. What is their role in diabetes.

5 9. Give the classification and characterization of sugar substitutes and sweeteners. 10. What herbal drugs can be recommended for patients with diabetes. Questions on "Nutritional Correction in gastrointestinal tract diseases." 1. Give the definition of "esophagitis" and dietary recommendations. 2. Give the definition of "peptic ulcer " and dietary recommendations. 3. Give the definition of "gastritis type B" and dietary recommendations. 4. Give the definition of "gastritis type A" and dietary recommendations. 5. Give the definition of "reflux" and dietary recommendations. 6. Give the definition of "chronic pancreatitis" and dietary recommendations. 7. Give the definition of "cholelithiasis" and dietary recommendations. 8. Give the definition of "acute pancreatitis" and dietary recommendations. 9. Give the definition of "biliary dyskinesia" and dietary recommendations. 10. Give the definition of "cirrhosis" and dietary recommendations. 11. Give the definition of "stomach ulcer" and dietary recommendations. 12. Give the definition of "chronic enterocolitis" and dietary recommendations. 13. Give the definition of "Botkin s disease" and dietary recommendations. 14. Give the definition of "peptic ulcer of the esophagus" and dietary recommendations.15. Give the definition of "intestinal dysbiosis" and dietary recommendations. 16. Give the definition of "chronic cholecystitis" and dietary recommendations. 17. Specify and describe diet for gastritis type B. 18. Specify and describe diet for gastritis type A. 19. Specify and describe diet for intestinal dysbiosis. 20. Specify and describe diet for hepatitis A. 21. Specify and describe diet for biliary dyskinesia. 22. Specify and describe diet for stomach ulcers. 23. Specify and describe diet in cirrhosis. 24. Specify and describe diet in chronic pancreatitis 25. Specify and describe diet in chronic enterocolitis. 26. Specify and describe diet for gallstones. 27. Specify and describe diet in chronic cholecystitis. 28. Specify and describe diet for acute pancreatitis. 29. Itestinal motility stimulants, nutrients inhibiting peristalsis. 30. Dietary supplement in gastrointestinal tract diseases.

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