Counting What s Not There Measuring Reduce & Reuse. Ryan McMullan Toyota North America

Transcription

1 Counting What s Not There Measuring Reduce & Reuse Ryan McMullan Toyota North America

2 Overview ZWBC Waste Hierarchy Difficulties of Waste Metrics Metric Examples Measuring Reduce Measuring Reuse

3 ZWBC Waste Hierarchy Zero Waste Hierarchy Reduce (incl Redesign) Reuse (incl Repair, Reman) Recycle (incl Compost/ReEarth) Recover Clean Energy (incl Digest) Disposal (Recover Dirty Energy, Landfill, Incineration) Dumping in the Environment Reduce > Reuse > Recycle > Recover Clean > Disposal Dumping

4 Difficulties of Waste Metrics Problem of Incomplete Information (Unintended Signals) Waste Landfilled Equates Energy Recovery & Recycling Recycling Rate Penalizes Reduce/Reuse of recycled material Waste Generation Ignores End-of-Life Management Counts Reduce/Reuse by their absense Diversion Rate Equates Reduce/Reuse/Recycle/Recover Multiple definitions

5 Difficulties of Waste Metrics All Metrics are imperfect Use several Metrics must change over time Example Policy: Pursue production activities that do not generate waste (= 100% Reduce/Reuse) 1 st Stage: 95% Reduction to Landfill from Baseline 2 nd Stage: 100% Reduction to Landfill from Baseline 3 rd Stage: Reduction of Non-salable Waste

6 Metric Examples Waste Potential Waste Generated Recycling Rate Diversion Rate/3R Rate Avoidance Rate

7 Waste Profile Sample Waste Profile Landfill Recovered 50 Recycled Reduce/ Reuse 10 0

8 Waste Potential Sample Waste Profile Landfill Recovered 50 Recycled Waste Potential Reduce/ Reuse Requires measurement/ estimate of Reduce/Reuse

9 Waste Generated Sample Waste Profile Landfill Recovered Recycled Waste Generated Reduce/ Reuse Inferred by its absence in Waste Generated 0

10 Recycling Rate Sample Waste Profile Landfill Recovered Recycled % of Recycled/Generated Reduce/ Reuse 10 0

11 70 Sample Waste Profile Diversion Rate/3R Rate (Reduce + Reuse + Recycle) / (Reduce + Reuse + Recycle + Recover + Landfill) Landfill Recovered Recycled Without Incineration (some definitions include) 30 % of Diverted/Potential Reduce/ Reuse Tells the full story of all efforts

12 Sample Waste Profile Avoidance Rate (Reduce + Reuse) / (Reduce + Reuse + Recycle + Recover + Landfill) Landfill Recovered Recycled Does not count Recycling 30 % of Reduce&Reuse/Potential Reduce/ Reuse What waste was not generated?

13 Measuring Reduce Difficulties of Measuring Reduce Already redu ed, did t easure the aseli e Takes time away from the next project

14 Measuring Reduce Two ways to measure Reduce 1. On a Process basis I tegrates a y proje ts effe ts o er a e tire pro ess Good for he you do t ha e proje t-level data Ex: An entire assembly line 2. On a Project basis For a specific project Requires before and after data Requires ongoing measurement of activity Ex: Door stamping improvement

15 Reduce 1: Process Basis 1. Define the Process (clearly draw the scope) 2. Measure Baseline Performance 3. Track Current Performance 4. Calculate Reduce for that Process

16 Reduce 1: Process Basis 1. Define the Process Includes Body Frame, Paneling, and Interior Assembly Includes entire plant (includes lunch room, office, etc.) 2. Measure Baseline Performance Per unit of activity to track ongoing effects In 2008 we produced 22 kg / vehicle assembled 3. Track Current Performance Currently we produce 18 kg / vehicle assembled 4. Calculate Reduce for that Process Each vehicle we assemble is [22-18=] 4 kg of waste Reduction

17 Reduce 2: Project Basis 1. Describe the Project 2. Measure the Before and After 3. Calculate net Waste Reduction 4. Measure ongoing Activity 5. Calculate Reduce for that Activity

18 Reduce 2: Project Basis 1. Describe the Project 2. Measure the Before and After Recyclable MU Unit: 17 lb wood, 11 lb corrugate Returnable MU Unit: 35 lbs steel, 500+ use lifespan

19 Reduce 2: Project Basis 3. Calculate net Waste Reduction Recyclable MU = [17+11=] 28 pounds Returnable MU = [35/500=] 0.07 pounds Net waste reduction ~ pounds 4. Measure ongoing activity Shipped 1000 MU containers last month 5. Calculate Reduce for that Activity Reduced [1000x27.93=] pounds

20 Measuring Reduce Be careful not to double-count Do t use the Pro ess Basis a d the Proje t Basis on the same subject The Process Basis sums up many Project Basis measurements I shippi g do t ou t sa e e efit at the shipper and receiver

21 Measuring Reuse Difficulties of Measuring Reuse Takes additional time to weigh/measure I for al e o o y of reuse Is it double counting? Confusing Reuse with Reduce Replacing expendables with durables Using a material a second time Confusing Reuse with Recycling

22 Measuring Reuse 1. Describe the Reuse Activity 2. Measure the Waste Reduction 3. Measure ongoing Activity 4. Calculate Reduce for that Activity

23 Measuring Reuse 1. Describe the Reuse Activity Sending unbroken pallets back for reuse 2. Measure the Waste Reduction Pallets average weight ~14 lbs 3. Measure ongoing Activity Last month we sent back 10 pallets 4. Calculate Reduce for that Activity We reduced [14*10=] 140 pounds

24 Questions? ZWBC Waste Hierarchy Difficulties of Waste Metrics Metric Examples Measuring Reduce Measuring Reuse

25 Ryan McMullan Toyota Motor Sales Corporate Responsibility Torrance, CA