Abbreviations, definitions and a simple XML Schema example

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1 Lecture 9 addendum XML and some related topics Abbreviations, definitions and a simple XML Schema example M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 1 INTRODUCTION Some abbreviations and definitions #1 XML = extensible Markup Language It is a language It is a markup language (language embedded in data) It is extensible XML has given birth to a zillion facilities (mostly languages or partial languages) and an equal amount of abbreviations IMPORTANT (and fun) REFERENCE SITE! Take a look at XML and various XML related tutorials here: M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 2 1

2 INTRODUCTION Some abbreviations and definitions #2 Some Internet abbreviations first URL = Universal Resource Locator What is a resource? URI = Universal Resource Identifier URN = Universal Resource Name URC = Universal Resource Characteristics M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 3 DTD: Document Type Definition INTRODUCTION Some abbreviations and definitions #3 XML Schema (XSD): Like DTD, newer (expected to replace DTD) Expresses shared vocabularies and allows machines to carry out rules made by people Provides a means for defining the structure, content and semantics of XML documents. M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 4 2

3 XSL: extensible Stylesheet Language INTRODUCTION Some abbreviations and definitions #4 XSLT: XSL Transformation Language for transforming XML documents XSL-FO: Language for formatting XML documents XLink: Language for creating/describing links between XML resources XPointer: XML pointer language to be used as the basis for a fragment identifier for any reference that locates a resource whose internal type is one of text/xml, application/xml, text/xml-externalparsed-entity, or application/xml-external-parsed-entity. XPointer is for pointing to XML media! M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 5 INTRODUCTION Some abbreviations and definitions #5 XPath: Language for expressing paths for access to parts of a document (to be used with XSLT and XPointer). It is the basis of query language. XQuery: An XML query language (uses XPath). It is an expression language It can be used not only on XML structures but also on XML-like (hierarchical/nested) structures. M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 6 3

4 Taken from XSD How To at URL XML Schema A simple example #1 A Simple XML Document Look at this simple XML document called "note.xml": <?xml version="1.0"?> <note> <to>tove</to> <from>jani</from> <heading>reminder</heading> <body>don't forget me this weekend!</body> </note> M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 7 Taken from XML Schema A simple example #2 A Simple DTD This is a simple DTD file called "note.dtd" that defines the elements of the XML document above ("note.xml"): <!ELEMENT note (to, from, heading, body)> <!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT heading (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT body (#PCDATA)> Line 1 defines the note element to have four elements: "to, from, heading, body". Line 2-5 defines the to element to be of the type "#PCDATA", the from element to be of the type "#PCDATA", and so on... M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 8 4

5 Taken from XML Schema A simple example #3 A Simple XML Schema This is a simple XML Schema file called "note.xsd" that defines the elements of the XML document above ("note.xml"): <?xml version="1.0"?> <xs:schema xmlns:xs=" targetnamespace= xmlns= elementformdefault="qualified"> <xs:element name="note"> <xs:complextype> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="to" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="from" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="heading" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="body" type="xs:string"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complextype> </xs:element> </xs:schema> The note element is said to be of a complex type because it contains other elements. The other elements (to, from, heading, body) are said to be simple types because they do not contain other elements. You will learn more about simple and complex types in the following chapters. M. Naci Akkøk, Fall 2004 Page 9 5

Modernize your NonStop COBOL Applications with XML Thunder September 29, 2009 Mike Bonham, TIC Software John Russell, Canam Software

Modernize your NonStop COBOL Applications with XML Thunder September 29, 2009 Mike Bonham, TIC Software John Russell, Canam Software Agenda XML Overview XML Thunder overview Case Studies Q & A XML Standard