Seeing the Big Picture: Research Process for Novices

Transcription

1 Seeing the Big Picture: Research Process for Novices May 15, 2013 Dr. Maureen Greene Wheaton Franciscan-St Joseph Campus Milwaukee, WI Dr. Mary Hagle Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center Milwaukee, WI 1

2 Disclosure: Maureen Greene, PhD, RN, APNP-BC & Mary Hagle, PhD, RN, WCC Seeing the Big Picture: Research Process for Novices Learners must fill out and turn in evaluations to successfully complete this program. WNA CEAP or ANCC does not endorse any products within this presentation/program. There are no relevant financial relationships related to this presentation/program This presentation/program is not supported. There is no off-label drug use described in this presentation/program The content being presented will be fair, well-balanced and evidence-based. The content is the responsibility of the author alone and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States government, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. 2

3 Objectives 1) Describe process of developing a Research Question 2) Refine literature search to support a research project 3) Develop a plan to study a question 4) Identify resources (personnel and financial) to help with plan 5) Describe protection of human subjects in research 6) Identify resources for data analysis and interpretation 3

4 Areas of inquiry for clinical practice Discover NEW knowledge Confirm empirical (experimental) information Improve patient care structures, processes, and outcomes Advance the science of nursing practice Promote the development of nurses 4

5 Research Discover NEW knowledge Confirm empirical information A systematic investigation, including research development, testing and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to "generalizable" knowledge. (45 CFR d) 5

6 Phases of Inquiry Thinking Planning Collecting Analyzing Concluding

7 Organized Decision Making Shared Governance Nursing research committees Journal Club Policy and Procedure Physician Orders based on science/evidence Creative Buddy-ing: Research is a Team Sport 7

8 The Research Process demands a Systematic Investigation or Step-by-Step Plan 8

9 State the Problem (Background and Significance) What is your question? Why is this important? Is it significant? Review the Literature Determine the Methodology (Plan) Design - Sample - Setting - Tools Collect Data Analyze Data State your Findings Draw Conclusions Examine the Use and Generalizability of Findings Communicate the Results 9

10 Population The PICOT Question Framework Intervention or Issue of interest Compared to: Intervention or Issue or action Outcome of interest: Measures Time Stillwell, S. B., Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., Williamson, K. M. (2010). Asking the research question: A key to evidence-based practice, AJN, 110 (3),

11 Stillwell, et al., AJN, 2010

12 Refining The Question (Why do this study?) Do we have enough evidence to change PRACTICE? Consensus articles, Regulatory guidance OR, the practice is already in practice but needs to be refined in PROCESS. Should we test the new Process? Not enough evidence or not the same population: New Research 12

13 Research is a Team Sport Gather your Colleagues, Experts, and Consultants! Nurse scientist/researcher Other researchers: psychologists, physicians, other? Statistician Clinical Nurse Specialists / Nurse Practitioners / Faculty Journal club Where? In your setting / At local college-university / Alumni 13

14 Where do you find evidence / literature? Library: in clinical setting, at school, your computer! Online databases for journals Free: Pubmed (both database and search engine) Subscription: CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, Embase Research texts / Clinical and reference books Both online and paper Professional standards Professional organizations 14

15 Tools, Data, Method, Oh My! Survey Observation Retrospective Prospective

16 Plan (Method) Design Variables: Independent and Dependent Intervention? Sample/Setting Data collection tools Procedure PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS 16

17 Data Analysis Plan Data collection tools Data entry: Code book, Excel Set up tables Data Analysis: SPSS, Others 17

18 The Institutional Review Board Do Not Pass Go. Until you clear the review! Risks Benefits To subject/ participant To society How subject is involved Type of review: Exempt Expedited Full Board

19 Collect Data! Only do what you proposed Rehearse giving informed consent

20 Results and Dissemination Writing a report WHAT DID YOU FIND? Executive Summary Abstract Presentations Publications 20

21 Organized Decision Making after the Study Shared Governance Nursing research committees Journal Club Policy and Procedure 21

22 References Burns, N., & Grove, S. (2005). The practice of nursing research: Conduct, critique, and utilization (5 th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. (2010). Nursing research: Methods and critical appraisal for evidence-based practice (7 th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier. Mateo, M., & Kirchhoff, K. (2009). Research for advanced practice nurses: From evidence to practice. NY, NY: Springer. Newhouse, R.P, Pettit, JC., Poe, S., & Rocco, L. (2006). The slippery slope: Differentiating between quality improvement and research. Journal of Nursing Administration, 36, Polit, D.F & Tatano Beck, C. (2010). Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice (7 th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Stillwell, S. B., Fineout-Overhalt, E.F.,et al (2010). Asking the research question: a key step on evidence-based practice. AJN, 110(3),

23 Thank You! Maureen T. Greene, PhD, RN, APNP-BC Mary Hagle, PhD, RN, WCC ext