EW Capabilities/Limitations at DMOC

Transcription

1 505 th Command & Control Wing EW Capabilities/Limitations at DMOC Maj David Pafford 705 CTS Mr. Dave Myers SRC This Briefing is: UNCLASSIFIED

2 Distributed Mission Operations Center (DMOC) Air Force facility, hosted by 705 CTS, dedicated to distributed warfighter training via distributed simulation Maintains a robust internal network infrastructure that connects simulation, mission planning, communication and collaboration systems to dozens of joint military simulation facilities using isolated network connections throughout DoD Hosts the Virtual Flag exercise and supports numerous other joint simulation events

3 Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) The DMOC uses DIS as a primary protocol for distributing simulation data DIS Protocol Data Units (PDUs) are broadcast over the simulation network and contain information allowing simulations to communicate Entity State PDU Describes an entity s dynamics (location, system type, orientation, appearance and markings) Electromagnetic Emission (EE PDU) Describes emissions data from a given entity (radar, EA) Transmitter PDU Describes a radio transmitter s state (frequency, power, modulation) Signal PDU Contains audio or digital data carried by simulated radio Attribute PDU This proposed method provides information not currently defined in existing PDUs Provides potential Way Ahead for EA DMOC has proposed a Jamming Effects Distributed Integrator (JEDI) to model Advanced Electronic Attack methods using the Attribute PDU

4 Distributed Simulation Standards International IEEE Std /1278.1a-1998 Standard for Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS version 6) Describes each PDU and provides PDU issuance and receipt rules Supported by the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organizations (SISOs) DIS Product Support Group IEEE P X Draft Standard developed by SISOs Product Development Group Better describes EW Simulation Introduces Version 7 PDUs including the Attribute PDU Air Force COMMON MODELS STANDARD, VERSION 7.0 CAF DMO Ops and Integration Provides a list of standardized emitters approved for use on the CAF DMO Network (DMON) Maintained by the Standards Development Working Group (SDWG) Working toward a standard emitter database (pedigreed to EWIR and EPL) that specifies emitter modes required for training

5 Distributed Simulation Capabilities Distributed Emission Regeneration The messages representing these emission sources are designed to provide sufficient data to allow a receiving sensor simulation to properly detect and interact with the emitter source The local receiving model recreates the interaction of the system being simulated by using operational parameters in the received PDU along with information from stored databases that describe the system's capabilities DMOC Constructive Simulations include DICE Models SAMs, Radars, Jamming, SIGINT DIADS Models IADS C2 NGTS Models Red Air

6 Distributed Simulation Capabilities Continued Training audience drives Virtual Flag EW requirements RJ B-1 F-15 MC-130 EP-3 Space F-16 AWACS IO F-22 Workarounds are implemented to support new and unique requirements Untapped capabilities exist ACE-IOS JIOR SUTER V DIA JRAAC The DMOC constantly evaluates methods to best satisfy EW requirements

7 Distributed Simulation Limitations Embedded radars and radar receiver models are difficult to upgrade, validate, and keep current; usually proprietary Correlation with real systems depends on the design decisions by each simulator s developer Threat & sensor models often don t reflect emerging threats Correlation between systems during joint exercises depends on adoption of a joint simulation emitter database The ability of the distributed emission regeneration concept to model advanced EW is unknown Some high fidelity EW has been modeled across local area networks As fidelity requirements increases, some changes in the protocol may be required The DMOC expects the DIS protocol to continue to support EW training even as fidelity requirements increase

8 Electromagnetic Emission PDU Main source of EW Modeling Fundamental Parameters Frequency, Frequency Range, PRF, PW Effective Radiated Power Beam Parameter Index (a pointer to additional stored database parameters required to regenerate the beam) Beam Function, Number of Beams, Track/Jam, Jamming Mode Jamming When modeling the effects of jamming, a simulation application shall interpret the Jamming Technique record in the received EE PDU and react according to the highest level of fidelity modeled locally (e.g., range gate pull off with inverse gain jamming) If the jamming technique provided in the PDU is not modeled, the simulation shall promote the technique to the most specific technique modeled locally (e.g., range gate pull off jamming, gate stealer jamming or deception jamming)

9 Attribute PDU Applied as an interim capability; based on DIS version 7 (Draft) Supplements active emitter beams contained in EE PDUs EE PDU includes jammer data (frequency, jamming technique) Attribute PDU contains specific false target data such as offset angles, false target pull rates and accelerations Target radar model uses information in both PDUs to affect display presented to the pilot of the target entity Fidelity of the presentation depends on the overall fidelity of the radar model Disadvantage Cost involved in modifying target radar models to accommodate this technology (players must be able to process the data)

10 Electronic Attack Stand-Off Jamming IMOM algorithms used in DICE Uses Beam Parameter Index and Jamming Mode Sequence fields in EE PDU White Force operator must fly constructive aircraft SATCOM Jamming over ASTi radios (Telestra) User-defined sound file or no audio Simulates intentional and unintentional effects Self Protection Jamming against DICE Must conform to IMOM data model to be processed GPS Jamming Currently only models L1/L2 for Collection Effects are under development M & S Standards must be developed

11 Distributed Information Operations Constructive Environment (DICE) Effectively models a basic threat environment suitable for current level of training IMOM-based radar model Only one mode is provided in IMOM (greatest detection range) IMOM parameter data overwritten by DMOC to provide additional values Data Sources = EWIRDB, EPL, other sources Goal is real world whenever possible Complex RF emissions are not modeled to the highest fidelity (frequency hoppers, PRI Jitter/Stagger, Phased Array) Potential emerging requirement Requires common offline databases and algorithms (Beam Parameter Index)- standardization effort is ongoing DIADS controls the DICE battery at a high fidelity (Strategic SAMs only) GOTS-based software developed and maintained by 453 EWS

12 Digital Integrated Air Defense System (DIADS) Focuses on air picture generation through modeling of EW and PD sensors and realistic/country specific C2 processes inside an IADS and models the timing and spatial synchronization of the sensors, weapons, and the command, control and communications elements Builds perceived air picture for C2 of DICE weapons Incorporates good fidelity models: ALARM, ESAMS, IMOM, RADGUNS.. DIS interfaces to newer TMAP generated radar and weapon system models Models realistic tracking algorithms (embedded) Kalman Filter Multiple Hypothesis Tracker used at DMOC Not user friendly to develop ad hoc from scratch scenarios GOTS-based software developed and maintained by 412 EWG

13 Next Generation Threat System (NGTS) Simulates Red Air platforms and their emissions Incorporates physics-based radar and RWR models (mostly EWIR data) NASIC-based weapons modeling is planned Supports Voice Text Scripting DICE Script entity attached to NGTS Air platforms (Red Air Comms) Provides medium fidelity representation of SAMs, Jammers, and Vehicles Capability exists but not fully tested nor currently utilized at DMOC C2 links and nodes being developed GOTS-based software (NTGS Model Management Office) NAVAIR and DMOC jointly develop and maintain the simulation

14 Jamming Effects Distributed Integrator (JEDI) Proof of concept to provide 4 th and 5 th Generation Blue fighter aircraft a virtual training venue against newer generation threats employing Advanced Electronic Attack (AEA) techniques Requires implementation of DIS Version 7 Attribute PDU Employed when victim is in search mode and within engagement Cone Creates a false targets in range presentation (AEA effect) False targets identified as friendly Cloaks the threat aircraft Provides Friendly RWR indications Presentation is reset upon cone-exit Target audience: F-15C/E, F-16C, F/A-18 Awaiting funding to develop prototype

15 What We Need Full-Spectrum, realistic virtual RF environment able to represent a variety of threat types and architectures RF Environment that reacts realistically and in real time to Blue effects Simulations must be able to accept that environment Debrief capability to assess effectiveness of EW employment Environment that realistically clutters the RF spectrum for Blue players Threat systems that react appropriately to non-kinetic effects

16 MISSION REHEARSAL INTEGRATION SCHEDULING TRAIN DISTRIBUTED MISSION OPERATIONS Questions EXPERIMENT SCENARIOS REPOSITORY RANGE INTEGRATION TEST DECISION SUPPORT WINNER 2008 Gateway DoD s BEST to Operational M&S TRAINING Excellence PROGRAM AWARD