The Comprehensive L A TEX Symbol List

Transcription

1 The Comprehensive L A TEX Symbol List Scott Pakin <pakin@uiuc.edu> 29 September 2003 Abstract This document lists 2826 symbols and the corresponding L A TEX commands that produce them. Some of these symbols are guaranteed to be available in every L A TEX2ε system; others require fonts and packages that may not accompany a given distribution and that therefore need to be installed. All of the fonts and packages used to prepare this document as well as this document itself are freely available from the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network ( Contents 1 Introduction Document Usage Frequently Requested Symbols Body-text symbols 7 Table 1: L A TEX2ε Escapable Special Characters Table 2: L A TEX2ε Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode Table 3: Predefined L A TEX2ε Text-mode Commands Table 4: Non-ASCII Letters (Excluding Accented Letters) Table 5: Letters Used to Typeset African Languages Table 6: Punctuation Marks Not Found in OT Table 7: pifont Decorative Punctuation Marks Table 8: wasysym Phonetic Symbols Table 9: tipa Phonetic Symbols Table 10: wsuipa Phonetic Symbols Table 11: phonetic Phonetic Symbols Table 12: Text-mode Accents Table 13: tipa Text-mode Accents Table 14: wsuipa Text-mode Accents Table 15: phonetic Text-mode Accents Table 16: wsuipa Diacritics Table 17: textcomp Diacritics Table 18: textcomp Currency Symbols Table 19: marvosym Currency Symbols Table 20: wasysym Currency Symbols Table 21: eurosym Euro Signs Table 22: textcomp Legal Symbols Table 23: textcomp Old-style Numerals Table 24: Miscellaneous textcomp Symbols Table 25: Miscellaneous wasysym Text-mode Symbols Table 26: AMS Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode The original version of this document was written by David Carlisle, with several additional tables provided by Alexander Holt. See Section 7.6 on page 73 for more information about who did what. 1

2 3 Mathematical symbols 17 Table 27: Binary Operators Table 28: AMS Binary Operators Table 29: stmaryrd Binary Operators Table 30: wasysym Binary Operators Table 31: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Operators Table 32: mathabx Binary Operators Table 33: ulsy Geometric Binary Operators Table 34: mathabx Geometric Binary Operators Table 35: Variable-sized Math Operators Table 36: AMS Variable-sized Math Operators Table 37: stmaryrd Variable-sized Math Operators Table 38: wasysym Variable-sized Math Operators Table 39: mathabx Variable-sized Math Operators Table 40: txfonts/pxfonts Variable-sized Math Operators Table 41: esint Variable-sized Math Operators Table 42: Binary Relations Table 43: AMS Binary Relations Table 44: AMS Negated Binary Relations Table 45: stmaryrd Binary Relations Table 46: wasysym Binary Relations Table 47: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Relations Table 48: txfonts/pxfonts Negated Binary Relations Table 49: mathabx Binary Relations Table 50: mathabx Negated Binary Relations Table 51: trsym Binary Relations Table 52: trfsigns Binary Relations Table 53: Subset and Superset Relations Table 54: AMS Subset and Superset Relations Table 55: stmaryrd Subset and Superset Relations Table 56: wasysym Subset and Superset Relations Table 57: txfonts/pxfonts Subset and Superset Relations Table 58: mathabx Subset and Superset Relations Table 59: Inequalities Table 60: AMS Inequalities Table 61: wasysym Inequalities Table 62: txfonts/pxfonts Inequalities Table 63: mathabx Inequalities Table 64: AMS Triangle Relations Table 65: stmaryrd Triangle Relations Table 66: mathabx Triangle Relations Table 67: Arrows Table 68: Harpoons Table 69: textcomp Text-mode Arrows Table 70: AMS Arrows Table 71: AMS Negated Arrows Table 72: AMS Harpoons Table 73: stmaryrd Arrows Table 74: txfonts/pxfonts Arrows Table 75: mathabx Arrows Table 76: mathabx Negated Arrows Table 77: mathabx Harpoons Table 78: chemarrow Arrows Table 79: ulsy Contradiction Symbols

3 Table 80: Extension Characters Table 81: stmaryrd Extension Characters Table 82: txfonts/pxfonts Extension Characters Table 83: mathabx Extension Characters Table 84: Log-like Symbols Table 85: AMS Log-like Symbols Table 86: Greek Letters Table 87: AMS Greek Letters Table 88: txfonts/pxfonts Upright Greek Letters Table 89: upgreek Upright Greek Letters Table 90: txfonts/pxfonts Variant Latin Letters Table 91: AMS Hebrew Letters Table 92: Letter-like Symbols Table 93: AMS Letter-like Symbols Table 94: txfonts/pxfonts Letter-like Symbols Table 95: mathabx Letter-like Symbols Table 96: trfsigns Letter-like Symbols Table 97: AMS Delimiters Table 98: stmaryrd Delimiters Table 99: mathabx Delimiters Table 100: nath Delimiters Table 101: Variable-sized Delimiters Table 102: Large, Variable-sized Delimiters Table 103: Variable-sized stmaryrd Delimiters Table 104: mathabx Variable-sized Delimiters Table 105: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Double) Table 106: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Triple) Table 107: textcomp Text-mode Delimiters Table 108: Math-mode Accents Table 109:AMS Math-mode Accents Table 110: yhmath Math-mode Accents Table 111: trfsigns Math-mode Accents Table 112: Extensible Accents Table 113: overrightarrow Extensible Accents Table 114: yhmath Extensible Accents Table 115:AMS Extensible Accents Table 116: chemarr Extensible Accents Table 117: chemarrow Extensible Accents Table 118: mathabx Extensible Accents Table 119: esvect Extensible Accents Table 120: undertilde Extensible Accents Table 121: Dots Table 122:AMS Dots Table 123: mathdots Dots Table 124: yhmath Dots Table 125: Miscellaneous L A TEX2ε Symbols Table 126: MiscellaneousAMS Symbols Table 127: Miscellaneous wasysym Symbols Table 128: Miscellaneous txfonts/pxfonts Symbols Table 129: Miscellaneous mathabx Symbols Table 130: Miscellaneous textcomp Text-mode Math Symbols Table 131: mathcomp Math Symbols Table 132: gensymb Symbols Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode Table 133: mathabx Mayan Digits

4 Table 134: marvosym Math Symbols Table 135: Math Alphabets Science and technology symbols 45 Table 136: wasysym Electrical and Physical Symbols Table 137: ifsym Pulse Diagram Symbols Table 138: ar Aspect Ratio Symbol Table 139: textcomp Text-mode Science and Engineering Symbols Table 140: wasysym Astronomical Symbols Table 141: marvosym Astronomical Symbols Table 142: mathabx Astronomical Symbols Table 143: wasysym Astrological Symbols Table 144: marvosym Astrological Symbols Table 145: mathabx Astrological Symbols Table 146: wasysym APL Symbols Table 147: wasysym APL Modifiers Table 148: marvosym Computer Hardware Symbols Table 149: ascii Control Characters (IBM) Table 150: marvosym Communication Symbols Table 151: marvosym Engineering Symbols Table 152: wasysym Biological Symbols Table 153: marvosym Biological Symbols Table 154: marvosym Safety-related Symbols Dingbats 49 Table 155: bbding Arrows Table 156: pifont Arrows Table 157: marvosym Scissors Table 158: bbding Scissors Table 159: pifont Scissors Table 160: dingbat Pencils Table 161: bbding Pencils and Nibs Table 162: pifont Pencils and Nibs Table 163: dingbat Hands Table 164: bbding Hands Table 165: pifont Hands Table 166: bbding Crosses and Plusses Table 167: pifont Crosses and Plusses Table 168: bbding Xs and Check Marks Table 169: pifont Xs and Check Marks Table 170: wasysym Xs and Check Marks Table 171: pifont Circled Numbers Table 172: wasysym Stars Table 173: bbding Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes Table 174: pifont Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes Table 175: wasysym Geometric Shapes Table 176: ifsym Geometric Shapes Table 177: bbding Geometric Shapes Table 178: pifont Geometric Shapes Table 179: universa Geometric Shapes Table 180: manfnt Dangerous Bend Symbols Table 181: skull Symbols Table 182: Non-Mathematical mathabx Symbols Table 183: marvosym Information Symbols

5 Table 184: Miscellaneous dingbat Dingbats Table 185: Miscellaneous bbding Dingbats Table 186: Miscellaneous pifont Dingbats Other symbols 56 Table 187: textcomp Genealogical Symbols Table 188: wasysym General Symbols Table 189: wasysym Musical Notes Table 190: wasysym Circles Table 191: Miscellaneous manfnt Symbols Table 192: marvosym Navigation Symbols Table 193: marvosym Laundry Symbols Table 194: Other marvosym Symbols Table 195: Miscellaneous universa Symbols Table 196: ifsym Weather Symbols Table 197: ifsym Alpine Symbols Table 198: ifsym Clocks Table 199: Other ifsym Symbols Table 200: skak Chess Informator Symbols Additional Information Symbol Name Clashes Where can I find the symbol for...? Math-mode spacing Bold mathematical symbols ASCII and Latin 1 quick reference About this document References 75 Index 77 5

6 1 Introduction Welcome to the Comprehensive L A TEX Symbol List! This document strives to be your primary source of L A TEX symbol information: font samples, L A TEX commands, packages, usage details, caveats everything needed to put thousands of different symbols at your disposal. All of the fonts covered herein meet the following criteria: 1. They are freely available from the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network ( 2. All of their symbols have L A TEX2ε bindings. That is, a user should be able to access a symbol by name, not just by \char number. These are not particularly limiting criteria; the Comprehensive L A TEX Symbol List contains samples of 2826 symbols quite a large number. Some of these symbols are guaranteed to be available in every L A TEX2ε system; others require fonts and packages that may not accompany a given distribution and that therefore need to be installed. See for help with installing new fonts and packages. 1.1 Document Usage Each section of this document contains a number of font tables. Each table shows a set of symbols, with the corresponding L A TEX command to the right of each symbol. A table s caption indicates what package needs to be loaded in order to access that table s symbols. For example, the symbols in Table 23, textcomp Old-Style Numerals, are made available by putting \usepackage{textcomp} in your document s preamble. AMS means to use the AMS packages, viz. amssymb and/or amsmath. Notes below a table provide additional information about some or all the symbols in that table. One note that appears a few times in this document, particularly in Section 2, indicates that certain symbols do not exist in the OT1 font encoding (Donald Knuth s original, 7-bit font encoding, which is the default font encoding for L A TEX) and that you should use fontenc to select a different encoding, such as T1 (a common 8-bit font encoding). That means that you should put \usepackage[ encoding ]{fontenc} in your document s preamble, where encoding is, e.g., T1 or LY1. To limit the change in font encoding to the current group, use \fontencoding{ encoding }\selectfont. Section 7 contains some additional information about the symbols in this document. It shows which symbol names are not unique across packages, gives examples of how to create new symbols out of existing symbols, explains how symbols are spaced in math mode, presents a L A TEX ASCII and Latin 1 tables, and provides some information about this document itself. The Comprehensive L A TEX Symbol List ends with an index of all the symbols in the document and various additional useful terms. 1.2 Frequently Requested Symbols There are a number of symbols that are requested over and over again on comp.text.tex. If you re looking for such a symbol the following list will help you find it quickly., as in Spaces are significant í, ì, ī, î, etc. (versus í, ì, ī, and î) ,, and and and , as in 180 or Ä,, etc Æ,, Ê, etc Ê ā, `ê, etc. (i.e., several accents per character) 65 <, >, and (instead of,, and ) ˆ and (or )

7 2 Body-text symbols This section lists symbols that are intended for use in running text, such as punctuation marks, accents, ligatures, and currency symbols. Table 1: L A TEX2ε Escapable Special Characters $ \$ % \% \_ } \} & \& # \# { \{ The underscore package redefines _ to produce an underscore in text mode (i.e., it makes it unnecessary to escape the underscore character). Table 2: L A TEX2ε Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode $ \$ \_ \ddag { \{ \P c \copyright... \dots } \} \S \dag \pounds Where two symbols are present, the left one is the faked symbol that L A TEX2ε provides by default, and the right one is the true symbol that textcomp makes available. Table 3: Predefined L A TEX2ε Text-mode Commands ˆ \textasciicircum < \textless \textasciitilde a ª \textordfeminine \textasteriskcentered o º \textordmasculine \ \textbackslash \textparagraph \textbar \textperiodcentered { \textbraceleft \textquestiondown } \textbraceright \textquotedblleft \textbullet \textquotedblright c \textcopyright \textquoteleft \textdagger \textquoteright \textdaggerdbl r \textregistered $ \textdollar \textsection... \textellipsis \textsterling \textemdash TM \texttrademark \textendash \textunderscore \textexclamdown \textvisiblespace > \textgreater Where two symbols are present, the left one is the faked symbol that L A TEX2ε provides by default, and the right one is the true symbol that textcomp makes available. 7

8 Table 4: Non-ASCII Letters (Excluding Accented Letters) å \aa Ð \DH L \L ø \o ß \ss Å \AA ð \dh l \l Ø \O SS \SS Æ \AE Ð \DJ Ŋ \NG Œ \OE Þ \TH æ \ae đ \dj ŋ \ng œ \oe þ \th Not available in the OT1 font encoding. Use the fontenc package to select an alternate font encoding, such as T1. Table 5: Letters Used to Typeset African Languages \B{D} \m{c} \m{f} \m{k} \M{t} æ \m{z} î \B{d} \m{d} \m{f} \m{n} ë \M{T} þ \T{E} \B{H} \M{d} \m{g} \m{n} ö \m{t} \T{e} \B{h} \M{D} \m{g} \m{o} ê \m{t} \T{O} ó \B{t} \m{d} ü \m{i} \m{o} \m{u} \T{o} ç \B{T} \m{e} \m{i} á \m{p} \m{u} \m{b} \m{e} \m{j} \m{p} Ǒ \m{y} \m{b} \M{E} \m{j} \m{s} \m{y} à \m{c} \M{e} \m{k} \m{s} ò \m{z} These characters all need the T4 font encoding, which is provided by the fc package. \m{v} and \m{v} are synonyms for \m{u} and \m{u}. Table 6: Punctuation Marks Not Found in OT1 «\guillemotleft \guilsinglleft \quotedblbase " \textquotedbl» \guillemotright \guilsinglright \quotesinglbase To get these symbols, use the fontenc package to select an alternate font encoding, such as T1. Table 7: pifont Decorative Punctuation Marks \ding{123} \ding{125} \ding{161} \ding{163} \ding{124} \ding{126} \ding{162} Table 8: wasysym Phonetic Symbols D \DH \dh Ð \openo \Thorn Í \inve \thorn 8

9 Table 9: tipa Phonetic Symbols \textbabygamma È \textglotstop \textrtailn \textbarb \texthalflength \textrtailr \textbarc \texthardsign \textrtails \textbard \texthooktop \textrtailt \textbardotlessj \texthtb \textrtailz \textbarg \texthtbardotlessj \textrthook \textbarglotstop ý \texthtc ü \textsca ½ \textbari \texthtd \textscb \textbarl \texthtg \textsce \textbaro À \texthth \textscg \textbarrevglotstop \texththeng \textsch ¼ \textbaru \texthtk \textschwa \textbeltl \texthtp Á \textsci \textbeta \texthtq \textscj \textbullseye \texthtrtaild \textscl \textceltpal \texthtscg \textscn \textchi \texthtt \textscoelig \textcloseepsilon \texthvlig \textscomega \textcloseomega \textinvglotstop \textscr \textcloserevepsilon à \textinvscr \textscripta \textcommatailz \textiota \textscriptg \textcorner \textlambda Î \textscriptv \textcrb \textlengthmark \textscu \textcrd \textlhookt \textscy \textcrg \textlhtlongi Đ \textsecstress \textcrh ò \textlhtlongy ö \textsoftsign \textcrinvglotstop \textlonglegr þ \textstretchc \textcrlambda ù \textlptr Ø \texttctclig 2 \textcrtwo Å \textltailm \textteshlig \textctc \textltailn Ì \texttheta \textctd \textltilde \textthorn \textctdctzlig \textlyoghlig û \texttoneletterstem \textctesh \textobardotlessj ñ \texttslig  \textctj \textolyoghlig \textturna \textctn \textomega \textturncelig ð \textctt \textopencorner \textturnh ð \textcttctclig Ç \textopeno \textturnk ô \textctyogh ± \textpalhook \textturnlonglegr \textctz \textphi Ï \textturnm \textdctzlig \textpipe \textturnmrleg Ë \textdoublebaresh \textprimstress \textturnr Ð \textdoublebarpipe ø \textraiseglotstop \textturnrrtail» \textdoublebarslash \textraisevibyi \textturnscripta ß \textdoublepipe \textramshorns \textturnt ã \textdoublevertline \textrevapostrophe ¾ \textturnv ä \textdownstep \textreve \textturnw \textdyoghlig \textrevepsilon Ä \textturny Þ \textdzlig É \textrevglotstop Í \textupsilon \textepsilon õ \textrevyogh å \textupstep 9 (continued on next page)

10 (continued from previous page) Ë \textesh \textrhookrevepsilon â \textvertline Ê \textfishhookr \textrhookschwa \textvibyi \textg \textrhoticity ó \textvibyy \textgamma ú \textrptr \textwynn ç \textglobfall \textrtaild \textyogh æ \textglobrise \textrtaill tipa defines shortcut characters for many of the above. It also defines a command \tone for denoting tone letters (pitches). See the tipa documentation for more information. Table 10: wsuipa Phonetic Symbols \babygamma \eng \labdentalnas \schwa \barb \er» \latfric \sci Æ \bard Å \esh \legm \scn ³ \bari \eth \legr  \scr º \barl \flapr ½ \lz \scripta \baro \glotstop \nialpha \scriptg \barp \hookb \nibeta \scriptv \barsci \hookd \nichi Ï \scu \barscu \hookg \niepsilon \scy Ì \baru \hookh \nigamma \slashb \clickb ± \hookheng µ \niiota Å \slashc \clickc \hookrevepsilon ¾ \nilambda \slashd Ê \clickt \hv \niomega Í \slashu \closedniomega \inva \niphi \taild \closedrevepsilon \invf Ç \nisigma À \tailinvr \crossb \invglotstop Ë \nitheta ¼ \taill \crossd ² \invh Î \niupsilon \tailn \crossh Á \invlegr \nj \tailr \crossnilambda \invm \oo Ä \tails «\curlyc \invr \openo È \tailt Æ \curlyesh à \invscr \reve \tailz \curlyyogh \invscripta \reveject É \tesh \curlyz \invv \revepsilon \thorn \dlbari \invw \revglotstop ¹ \tildel \dz \invy \scd \yogh \ejective \ipagamma \scg 10

11 Table 11: phonetic Phonetic Symbols \barj \flap ī \ibar \rotvara \vari \barlambda \glottal \openo Û \rotw \varomega Å \emgma \hausab h \planck Ý \roty \varopeno Ò \engma \hausab Í \pwedge \schwa \vod v Æ \enya \hausad \revd Ô \thorn \voicedh \epsi Ì \hausad \riota u \ubar Ü \yogh \esh \hausak Ñ \rotm Ù \udesc \eth à \hausak Å \rotomega \vara \fj \hookd Ö \rotr \varg Table 12: Text-mode Accents Ää \"{A}\"{a} Àà \ {A}\ {a} A a \H{A}\H{a} Ăă \u{a}\u{a} Áá \ {A}\ {a} Āā \b{a}\b{a} Ąą \k{a}\k{a} Ǎǎ \v{a}\v{a} Ȧȧ \.{A}\.{a} A a \c{a}\c{a} Åå \r{a}\r{a} Ãã \~{A}\~{a} Āā \={A}\={a} Ạạ \d{a}\d{a} Aa \t{a}\t{a} Ââ \^{A}\^{a} ï ï \G{A}\G{a} ø ø \U{A}\U{a} Aa \newtie{a}\newtie{a} A a \textcircled{a}\textcircled{a} Requires the textcomp package. Not available in the OT1 font encoding. Use the fontenc package to select an alternate font encoding, such as T1. Requires the T4 font encoding, provided by the fc package. Also note the existence of \i and \j, which produce dotless versions of i and j (viz., ı and j ). These are useful when the accent is supposed to replace the dot. For example, na\"{\i}ve produces a correct naïve, while na\"{i}ve would yield the rather odd-looking naïve. ( na\"{i}ve does work in encodings other than OT1, however.) Table 13: tipa Text-mode Accents A a A a A a A a A a ëaëa \textacutemacron{a}\textacutemacron{a} \textacutewedge{a}\textacutewedge{a} \textadvancing{a}\textadvancing{a} \textbottomtiebar{a}\textbottomtiebar{a} \textbrevemacron{a}\textbrevemacron{a} \textcircumacute{a}\textcircumacute{a} (continued on next page) 11

12 (continued from previous page) ÅA Åa \textcircumdot{a}\textcircumdot{a} ïaïa \textdotacute{a}\textdotacute{a} ÅÄ Åä \textdotbreve{a}\textdotbreve{a} ÅÄ Åä \textdotbreve{a}\textdotbreve{a} A a \textdoublegrave{a}\textdoublegrave{a} íaía \textdoublevbaraccent{a}\textdoublevbaraccent{a} êaêa \textgravecircum{a}\textgravecircum{a} îaîa \textgravedot{a}\textgravedot{a} A a \textgravemacron{a}\textgravemacron{a} éaéa Aa A a èaèa Aa A a \textgravemid{a}\textgravemid{a} \textinvsubbridge{a}\textinvsubbridge{a} \textlowering{a}\textlowering{a} \textmidacute{a}\textmidacute{a} \textovercross{a}\textovercross{a} \textoverw{a}\textoverw{a} A a \textpolhook{a}\textpolhook{a} A a A a A a Aa Aa Āā A a A a Aa A a A Å a Å Aa Æ Æ A a A a A a A a Aa A a A a Aa A a A ² ² a A a \textraising{a}\textraising{a} \textretracting{a}\textretracting{a} \textringmacron{a}\textringmacron{a} \textroundcap{a}\textroundcap{a} \textseagull{a}\textseagull{a} \textsubacute{a}\textsubacute{a} \textsubarch{a}\textsubarch{a} \textsubbar{a}\textsubbar{a} \textsubbridge{a}\textsubbridge{a} \textsubcircum{a}\textsubcircum{a} \textsubdot{a}\textsubdot{a} \textsubgrave{a}\textsubgrave{a} \textsublhalfring{a}\textsublhalfring{a} \textsubplus{a}\textsubplus{a} \textsubrhalfring{a}\textsubrhalfring{a} \textsubring{a}\textsubring{a} \textsubsquare{a}\textsubsquare{a} \textsubtilde{a}\textsubtilde{a} \textsubumlaut{a}\textsubumlaut{a} \textsubw{a}\textsubw{a} \textsubwedge{a}\textsubwedge{a} \textsuperimposetilde{a}\textsuperimposetilde{a} \textsyllabic{a}\textsyllabic{a} (continued on next page) 12

13 (continued from previous page) ÅA Åa A a ìaìa \texttildedot{a}\texttildedot{a} \texttoptiebar{a}\texttoptiebar{a} \textvbaraccent{a}\textvbaraccent{a} tipa defines shortcut sequences for many of the above. See the tipa documentation for more information. Table 14: wsuipa Text-mode Accents A a AĐ ađ \dental{a}\dental{a} \underarch{a}\underarch{a} Table 15: phonetic Text-mode Accents A ß a ß \hill{a}\hill{a} A a \rc{a}\rc{a} Ãã \ut{a}\ut{a} A \od{a}\od{a} Aa \syl{a}\syl{a} å ß Aa ß \ohill{a}\ohill{a} Ạ.ạ. \td{a}\td{a} The phonetic package provides a few additional macros for linguistic accents. \acbar and \acarc compose characters with multiple accents; for example, \acbar{\ }{a} produces ā and \acarc{\"}{e} produces ē. \labvel joins two characters with an arc: \labvel{mn} mn. \upbar is intended to go between characters as in x\upbar{}y x y. Lastly, \uplett behaves like \textsuperscript but uses a smaller font. Contrast p\uplett{h} p h with p\textsuperscript{h} p h. Table 16: wsuipa Diacritics \ain Ú \leftp Ü \overring \stress Ð \underwedge \corner Ò \leftt \polishhook \syllabic Ø \upp Ù \downp Õ \length Û \rightp Ö \underdots Ð \upt Ñ \downt ß \midtilde Ó \rightt Ý \underring Ô \halflength Þ \open \secstress \undertilde The wsuipa package defines all of the above as ordinary characters, not as accents. However, it does provide \diatop and \diaunder commands, which are used to compose diacritics with other characters. For example, \diatop[\overring a] produces Üa, and \diaunder[\underdots a] produces Öa. See the wsuipa documentation for more information. 13

14 Table 17: textcomp Diacritics \textacutedbl ˇ \textasciicaron \textasciimacron \textasciiacute \textasciidieresis \textgravedbl \textasciibreve ` \textasciigrave The textcomp package defines all of the above as ordinary characters, not as accents. Table 18: textcomp Currency Symbols \textbaht $ \textdollar \textguarani \textwon \textcent $ \textdollaroldstyle \textlira \textyen \textcentoldstyle \textdong \textnaira \textcolonmonetary \texteuro \textpeso \textcurrency ƒ \textflorin \textsterling Table 19: marvosym Currency Symbols \Denarius \EUR D \EURdig e \EURtm \Pfund \Ecommerce d \EURcr c \EURhv \EyesDollar \Shilling The different euro signs are meant to be compatible with different fonts Courier (\EURcr), Helvetica (\EURhv), Times (\EURtm), and the marvosym digits listed in Table 134 (\EURdig). Table 20: wasysym Currency Symbols \cent \currency Table 21: eurosym Euro Signs C \geneuro C \geneuronarrow C \geneurowide \officialeuro \euro is automatically mapped to one of the above by default, \officialeuro based on a eurosym package option. See the eurosym documentation for more information. The \geneuro... characters are generated from the current body font s C character and therefore may not appear exactly as shown. 14

15 Table 22: textcomp Legal Symbols \textcircledp c \textcopyright \textservicemark \textcopyleft r \textregistered TM \texttrademark Where two symbols are present, the left one is the faked symbol that L A TEX2ε provides by default, and the right one is the true symbol that textcomp makes available. See for solutions to common problems that occur when using these symbols (e.g., getting a r when you expected to get a ). Table 23: textcomp Old-style Numerals 0 \textzerooldstyle 4 \textfouroldstyle 8 \texteightoldstyle 1 \textoneoldstyle 5 \textfiveoldstyle 9 \textnineoldstyle 2 \texttwooldstyle 6 \textsixoldstyle 3 \textthreeoldstyle 7 \textsevenoldstyle Rather than use the bulky \textoneoldstyle, \texttwooldstyle, etc. commands shown above, consider using \oldstylenums{...} to typeset an old-style number. Table 24: Miscellaneous textcomp Symbols \textasteriskcentered a ª \textordfeminine \textbardbl o º \textordmasculine \textbigcircle \textparagraph \textblank \textperiodcentered \textbrokenbar \textpertenthousand \textbullet \textperthousand \textdagger \textpilcrow \textdaggerdbl ' \textquotesingle \textdblhyphen \textquotestraightbase \textdblhyphenchar \textquotestraightdblbase \textdiscount \textrecipe \textestimated \textreferencemark \textinterrobang \textsection \textinterrobangdown \textthreequartersemdash \textmusicalnote \texttildelow \textnumero \texttwelveudash \textopenbullet Where two symbols are present, the left one is the faked symbol that L A TEX2ε provides by default, and the right one is the true symbol that textcomp makes available. Table 25: Miscellaneous wasysym Text-mode Symbols \permil 15

16 Table 26:AMS Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode \checkmark R \circledr \maltese 16

17 3 Mathematical symbols Most, but not all, of the symbols in this section are math-mode only. That is, they yield a Missing $ inserted error message if not used within $...$, \[...\], or another math-mode environment. Operators marked as variable-sized are taller in displayed formulas, shorter in in-text formulas, and possibly shorter still when used in various levels of superscripts or subscripts. Alphanumeric symbols (e.g., Ä and ) are usually produced using one of the math alphabets in Table 135 rather than with an explicit symbol command. Look there first if you need a symbol for a transform, number set, or some other alphanumeric. Although there have been many requests on comp.text.tex for a contradiction symbol, the ensuing discussion invariably reveals innumerable ways to represent contradiction in a proof, including (\blitza), (\Rightarrow\Leftarrow), (\bot), (\nleftrightarrow), and (\textreferencemark). Because of the lack of notational consensus, it is probably better to spell out Contradiction! than to use a symbol for this purpose. Similarly, discussions on comp.text.tex have revealed that there are a variety of ways to indicate the mathematical notion of is defined as. Common candidates include (\triangleq), (\equiv), (\coloneqq), and def = (\stackrel{\text{\tiny def}}{=}). See also the example of \equalsfill on page 66. Table 27: Binary Operators \amalg \cup \oplus \times \ast \dagger \oslash \triangleleft \bigcirc \ddagger \otimes \triangleright \bigtriangledown \diamond ± \pm \unlhd \bigtriangleup \div \rhd \unrhd \bullet \lhd \ \setminus \uplus \cap \mp \sqcap \vee \cdot \odot \sqcup \wedge \circ \ominus \star \wr Not predefined in L A TEX2ε. Use one of the packages latexsym, amsfonts, amssymb, txfonts, pxfonts, or wasysym. Table 28: AMS Binary Operators \barwedge \circledcirc \intercal \boxdot \circleddash \leftthreetimes \boxminus \Cup \ltimes \boxplus \curlyvee \rightthreetimes \boxtimes \curlywedge \rtimes \Cap \divideontimes \smallsetminus \centerdot \dotplus \veebar \circledast \doublebarwedge 17

18 Table 29: stmaryrd Binary Operators «\baro \interleave \varoast \bbslash ¾ \leftslice \varobar Æ \binampersand \merge \varobslash Ç \bindnasrepma Å \minuso \varocircle \boxast Æ \moo \varodot \boxbar \nplus \varogreaterthan \boxbox \obar \varolessthan \boxbslash \oblong \varominus \boxcircle \obslash \varoplus \boxdot \ogreaterthan \varoslash \boxempty \olessthan \varotimes \boxslash \ovee \varovee º \curlyveedownarrow \owedge \varowedge» \curlyveeuparrow \rightslice \vartimes ³ \curlywedgedownarrow \sslash \Ydown ² \curlywedgeuparrow \talloblong \Yleft µ \fatbslash \varbigcirc \Yright \fatsemi \varcurlyvee \Yup \fatslash \varcurlywedge Table 30: wasysym Binary Operators \lhd \ocircle \RHD \unrhd \LHD \rhd \unlhd Table 31: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Operators \circledbar \circledwedge \medcirc \circledbslash \invamp \sqcapplus \circledvee \medbullet \sqcupplus 18

19 Table 32: mathabx Binary Operators \ast Æ \curlywedge \sqcap \Asterisk \divdot \sqcup \barwedge «\divideontimes \sqdoublecap Æ \bigstar \dotdiv \sqdoublecup \bigvarstar \dotplus \square \blackdiamond \dottimes \squplus \cap \doublebarwedge \udot \circplus \doublecap \uplus \coasterisk \doublecup \varstar \coasterisk Å \ltimes \vee Å \convolution \pluscirc \veebar \cup «\rtimes \veedoublebar Ç \curlyvee \sqbullet \wedge Many of the above glyphs go by multiple names. \centerdot is equivalent to \sqbullet, and \ast is equivalent to *. \asterisk produces the same glyph as \ast, but as an ordinary symbol, not a binary operator. Similarly, \bigast produces a large-operator version of the \Asterisk binary operator, and \bigcoast produces a large-operator version of the \coasterisk binary operator. Table 33: ulsy Geometric Binary Operators \odplus Table 34: mathabx Geometric Binary Operators í \blacktriangledown \boxright \ominus î \blacktriangleleft Ñ \boxslash \oplus ï \blacktriangleright \boxtimes \oright ì \blacktriangleup \boxtop Ñ \oslash \boxasterisk Ó \boxtriangleup \otimes Ò \boxbackslash Ð \boxvoid \otop \boxbot \oasterisk Ó \otriangleup \boxcirc Ò \obackslash Ð \ovoid \boxcoasterisk \obot é \smalltriangledown \boxdiv \ocirc ê \smalltriangleleft \boxdot \ocoasterisk ë \smalltriangleright \boxleft \odiv è \smalltriangleup \boxminus \odot \boxplus \oleft 19

20 Table 35: Variable-sized Math Operators Ì \bigcap Æ Ç \bigotimes Î \bigwedge É \prod Ë \bigcup \bigsqcup \coprod È \sum  à \bigodot Í \biguplus Ê \int Ä Å \bigoplus Ï \bigvee À Á \oint Table 36: AMS Variable-sized Math Operators \idotsint \iiint \iiiint \iint Table 37: stmaryrd Variable-sized Math Operators Ñ Ó \bigbox \biginterleave \bigsqcap \bigcurlyvee \bignplus \bigtriangledown Ò \bigcurlywedge \bigparallel \bigtriangleup Table 38: wasysym Variable-sized Math Operators \iiint \iint \oiint Ö Û \varint Ù Þ \varoint 20

21 Table 39: mathabx Variable-sized Math Operators ì \bigcurlyvee \bigboxslash \bigoright æ \bigsqcap \bigboxtimes \bigoslash ë \bigcurlywedge \bigboxtop \bigotop \bigboxasterisk \bigboxtriangleup \bigotriangleup \bigboxbackslash \bigboxvoid \bigovoid \bigboxbot â à \bigcomplementop \bigplus \bigboxcirc \bigoasterisk è \bigsquplus \bigboxcoasterisk \bigobackslash á \bigtimes \bigboxdiv \bigobot ñ ù \iiint \bigboxdot \bigocirc ð ø \iint \bigboxleft \bigocoasterisk \int \bigboxminus \bigodiv ó û \oiint \bigboxplus \bigoleft ò ú \bigboxright ý \bigominus \oint 21

22 Table 40: txfonts/pxfonts Variable-sized Math Operators \bigsqcapplus \ointclockwise \bigsqcupplus \ointctrclockwise \fint \sqiiint \idotsint \iiiint \sqiint \sqint \iiint \iint \varoiiintclockwise \varoiiintctrclockwise \oiiintclockwise \varoiintclockwise \oiiintctrclockwise \oiiint \oiintclockwise \oiintctrclockwise \oiint \varoiintctrclockwise \varprod \varointclockwise \varointctrclockwise Å ± ² Æ Table 41: esint Variable-sized Math Operators \dotsint \fint \iiiint \iiint \iint \landdownint \landupint \oiint \ointclockwise \ointctrclockwise \sqiint \sqint \varoiint \varointclockwise \varointctrclockwise 22

23 Table 42: Binary Relations \approx \equiv \perp \smile \asymp \frown \prec \succ \bowtie \Join \preceq \succeq \cong \mid \propto \vdash \dashv = \models \sim \doteq \parallel \simeq Not predefined in L A TEX2ε. Use one of the packages latexsym, amsfonts, amssymb, mathabx, txfonts, pxfonts, or wasysym. Table 43: AMS Binary Relations \approxeq \eqcirc \succapprox \backepsilon \fallingdotseq \succcurlyeq \backsim \multimap \succsim \backsimeq \pitchfork \therefore \because \precapprox \thickapprox \between \preccurlyeq \thicksim \Bumpeq \precsim \varpropto \bumpeq \risingdotseq \Vdash \circeq \shortmid \vdash \curlyeqprec \shortparallel \Vvdash \curlyeqsucc \smallfrown \doteqdot \smallsmile Table 44: AMS Negated Binary Relations \ncong \nshortparallel \nvdash \nmid \nsim \precnapprox \nparallel \nsucc \precnsim \nprec \nsucceq \succnapprox \npreceq \nvdash \succnsim \nshortmid \nvdash Table 45: stmaryrd Binary Relations \inplus \niplus Table 46: wasysym Binary Relations \invneg \leadsto \wasypropto \Join \logof 23

24 Table 47: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Relations \circledgtr \ljoin \opentimes \circledless \lrtimes \Perp \colonapprox \multimap \preceqq \Colonapprox \multimapboth \precneqq \coloneq \multimapbothvert \rjoin \Coloneq \multimapdot \strictfi \Coloneqq \multimapdotboth \strictif \coloneqq \multimapdotbotha \strictiff \Colonsim \multimapdotbothavert \succeqq \colonsim \multimapdotbothb \succneqq \Eqcolon \multimapdotbothbvert \varparallel \eqcolon \multimapdotbothvert \varparallelinv \eqqcolon \multimapdotinv \VvDash \Eqqcolon \multimapinv \eqsim \openjoin Table 48: txfonts/pxfonts Negated Binary Relations \napproxeq \npreccurlyeq \nthickapprox \nasymp \npreceqq \ntwoheadleftarrow \nbacksim \nprecsim \ntwoheadrightarrow \nbacksimeq \nsimeq \nvarparallel \nbumpeq \nsuccapprox \nvarparallelinv \nbumpeq \nsucccurlyeq \nvdash \nequiv \nsucceqq \nprecapprox \nsuccsim Table 49: mathabx Binary Relations \between \divides \risingdotseq \botdoteq \dotseq \succapprox \Bumpedeq \eqbumped \succcurlyeq \bumpedeq \eqcirc \succdot \circeq \eqcolon ý \succsim \coloneq \fallingdotseq \therefore \corresponds \ggcurly \topdoteq ò \curlyeqprec \llcurly \vdash ó \curlyeqsucc \precapprox \Vdash µ \DashV \preccurlyeq \VDash µ \Dashv \precdot \Vvdash ¹ \dashvv ü \precsim 24

25 Table 50: mathabx Negated Binary Relations \napprox Å \notperp \nvdash \ncong \nprec \nvdash ô \ncurlyeqprec \nprecapprox º \nvdash õ \ncurlyeqsucc \npreccurlyeq ² \nvdash \ndashv \npreceq º \nvvash» \ndashv þ \nprecsim \precnapprox ³ \ndashv \nsim \precneq \ndashv \nsimeq \precnsim» \ndashvv \nsucc \succnapprox \neq \nsuccapprox \succneq \notasymp \nsucccurlyeq \succnsim \notdivides \nsucceq \notequiv \nsuccsim The \changenotsign command toggles the behavior of \not to produce either a vertical or a diagonal slash through a binary operator. Thus, $a \not= b$ can be made to produce either a Đ= b or a Đ= b. Table 51: trsym Binary Relations \InversTransformHoriz \TransformHoriz \InversTransformVert \TransformVert. Table 52: trfsigns Binary Relations. \dfourier \Dfourier \fourier \Fourier \laplace \Laplace. \ztransf. \Ztransf Table 53: Subset and Superset Relations \sqsubset \sqsupseteq \supset \sqsubseteq \subset \supseteq \sqsupset \subseteq Not predefined in L A TEX2ε. Use one of the packages latexsym, amsfonts, amssymb, mathabx, txfonts, pxfonts, or wasysym. 25

26 Table 54:AMS Subset and Superset Relations \nsubseteq \subseteqq \supsetneqq \nsupseteq \subsetneq \varsubsetneq \nsupseteqq \subsetneqq \varsubsetneqq \sqsubset \Supset \varsupsetneq \sqsupset \supseteqq \varsupsetneqq \Subset \supsetneq Table 55: stmaryrd Subset and Superset Relations \subsetplus \supsetplus \subsetpluseq \supsetpluseq Table 56: wasysym Subset and Superset Relations \sqsubset \sqsupset Table 57: txfonts/pxfonts Subset and Superset Relations \nsqsubset \nsqsupseteq \nsupset \nsqsubseteq \nsubset \nsqsupset \nsubseteqq Table 58: mathabx Subset and Superset Relations \nsqsubset \nsupset \sqsupseteq \supseteq æ \nsqsubset ç \nsupset \sqsupseteqq \supseteqq \nsqsubseteq \nsupseteq \sqsupsetneq \supsetneq \nsqsubseteqq Ǒ \nsupseteqq á \sqsupsetneqq á \supsetneqq \nsqsupset \sqsubset \subset \varsqsubsetneq ç \nsqsupset ä \sqsubset ä \Subset â \varsqsubsetneqq \nsqsupseteq \sqsubseteq \subseteq \varsqsupsetneq Ǒ \nsqsupseteqq \sqsubseteqq \subseteqq ã \varsqsupsetneqq \nsubset \sqsubsetneq \subsetneq \varsubsetneq æ \nsubset à \sqsubsetneqq à \subsetneqq â \varsubsetneqq \nsubseteq å \sqsupset \supset \varsupsetneq \nsubseteqq \sqsupset å \Supset ã \varsupsetneqq Table 59: Inequalities \geq \gg \leq \ll \neq 26

27 Table 60: AMS Inequalities \eqslantgtr \gtrless \lneq \eqslantless \gtrsim \lneqq \geqq \gvertneqq \lnsim \geqslant \leqq \lvertneqq \ggg \leqslant \ngeq \gnapprox \lessapprox \ngeqq \gneq \lessdot \ngeqslant \gneqq \lesseqgtr \ngtr \gnsim \lesseqqgtr \nleq \gtrapprox \lessgtr \nleqq \gtrdot \lesssim \nleqslant \gtreqless \lll \nless \gtreqqless \lnapprox Table 61: wasysym Inequalities \apprge \apprle Table 62: txfonts/pxfonts Inequalities \ngg \ngtrsim \nlesssim \ngtrapprox \nlessapprox \nll \ngtrless \nlessgtr Table 63: mathabx Inequalities ó \eqslantgtr ù \gtreqless ü \lesssim \ngtr ò \eqslantless û \gtreqqless \ll \ngtrapprox \geq \gtrless \lll \ngtrsim \geqq ý \gtrsim \lnapprox \nleq \gg ñ \gvertneqq \lneq \nleqq \ggg \leq \lneqq \nless \gnapprox \leqq \lnsim \nlessapprox \gneq \lessapprox ð \lvertneqq þ \nlesssim \gneqq \lessdot õ \neqslantgtr \nvargeq \gnsim ø \lesseqgtr ô \neqslantless \nvarleq \gtrapprox ú \lesseqqgtr \ngeq \vargeq \gtrdot ö \lessgtr \ngeqq \varleq mathabx defines \leqslant and \le as synonyms for \leq, \geqslant and \ge as synonyms for \geq, \nleqslant as a synonym for \nleq, and \ngeqslant as a synonym for \ngeq. 27

28 Table 64: AMS Triangle Relations \blacktriangleleft \ntrianglelefteq \trianglelefteq \vartriangleleft \blacktriangleright \ntriangleright \triangleq \vartriangleright \ntriangleleft \ntrianglerighteq \trianglerighteq Table 65: stmaryrd Triangle Relations È \trianglelefteqslant É \trianglerighteqslant Ê \ntrianglelefteqslant Ë \ntrianglerighteqslant Table 66: mathabx Triangle Relations ê \ntriangleleft ï \ntrianglerighteq é \triangleright é \vartriangleright î \ntrianglelefteq è \triangleleft í \trianglerighteq ë \ntriangleright ì \trianglelefteq è \vartriangleleft Table 67: Arrows \Downarrow \longleftarrow տ \nwarrow \downarrow = \Longleftarrow \Rightarrow \hookleftarrow \longleftrightarrow \rightarrow \hookrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow ց \searrow \leadsto \longmapsto ւ \swarrow \leftarrow = \Longrightarrow \uparrow \Leftarrow \longrightarrow \Uparrow \Leftrightarrow \mapsto \updownarrow \leftrightarrow ր \nearrow \Updownarrow Not predefined in L A TEX2ε. Use one of the packages latexsym, amsfonts, amssymb, txfonts, pxfonts, or wasysym. See the note beneath Table 112 for information about how to put a diagonal arrow across a mathematical expression (as in 0 B ). Table 68: Harpoons \leftharpoondown \rightharpoondown \rightleftharpoons \leftharpoonup \rightharpoonup Table 69: textcomp Text-mode Arrows \textdownarrow \textrightarrow \textleftarrow \textuparrow 28

29 Table 70: AMS Arrows \circlearrowleft \leftleftarrows \rightleftarrows \circlearrowright \leftrightarrows \rightrightarrows \curvearrowleft \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \curvearrowright \Lleftarrow \Rsh \dashleftarrow \looparrowleft և \twoheadleftarrow \dashrightarrow \looparrowright \twoheadrightarrow \downdownarrows \Lsh \upuparrows \leftarrowtail \rightarrowtail Table 71: AMS Negated Arrows \nleftarrow \nleftrightarrow \nrightarrow \nleftarrow \nleftrightarrow \nrightarrow Table 72: AMS Harpoons \downharpoonleft \leftrightharpoons \upharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \upharpoonright Table 73: stmaryrd Arrows \leftarrowtriangle \Mapsfrom \shortleftarrow ¹ \leftrightarroweq \mapsfrom \shortrightarrow \leftrightarrowtriangle \Mapsto \shortuparrow \lightning ½ \nnearrow ± \ssearrow = \Longmapsfrom ¼ \nnwarrow \sswarrow \longmapsfrom \rightarrowtriangle = \Longmapsto \shortdownarrow Table 74: txfonts/pxfonts Arrows \boxdotleft \circleddotright \Diamondleft \boxdotleft \circleleft \Diamondright \boxdotright \circleright \DiamondRight \boxdotright \dashleftrightarrow \leftsquigarrow \boxleft \DiamonddotLeft \Nearrow \boxleft \Diamonddotleft \Nwarrow \boxright \Diamonddotright \Rrightarrow \boxright \DiamonddotRight \Searrow \circleddotleft \DiamondLeft \Swarrow 29

30 Table 75: mathabx Arrows \circlearrowleft \leftarrow \nwarrow \curvearrowbotleft \leftrightarrow \rightarrow \circlearrowright \leftleftarrows \restriction \curvearrowbotleftright \leftrightarrows \rightleftarrows \curvearrowbotright \leftrightsquigarrow \rightrightarrows \curvearrowleft \leftsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \curvearrowleftright \lefttorightarrow \righttoleftarrow \curvearrowright \looparrowdownleft \Rsh \dlsh \looparrowdownright \searrow \downdownarrows \looparrowleft \swarrow \downtouparrow \looparrowright \updownarrows \downuparrows \Lsh \uptodownarrow \drsh \nearrow \upuparrows Table 76: mathabx Negated Arrows \nleftarrow \nleftrightarrow \nrightarrow \nleftarrow \nleftrightarrow \nrightarrow Table 77: mathabx Harpoons \barleftharpoon \leftharpoonup \rightleftharpoons \barrightharpoon \leftleftharpoons \rightrightharpoons \downdownharpoons \leftrightharpoon \updownharpoons \downharpoonleft \leftrightharpoons \upharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightbarharpoon \upharpoonright \downupharpoons \rightharpoondown \upupharpoons \leftbarharpoon \rightharpoonup \leftharpoondown \rightleftharpoon Table 78: chemarrow Arrows A \chemarrow Table 79: ulsy Contradiction Symbols \blitza Å \blitzb «\blitzc \blitzd \blitze Table 80: Extension Characters \relbar = \Relbar 30

31 Table 81: stmaryrd Extension Characters \Arrownot \Mapsfromchar \Mapstochar \arrownot \mapsfromchar Table 82: txfonts/pxfonts Extension Characters \Mappedfromchar \Mmappedfromchar \Mmapstochar \mappedfromchar \mmappedfromchar \mmapstochar Table 83: mathabx Extension Characters \mapsfromchar \mapstochar \Mapsfromchar \Mapstochar Table 84: Log-like Symbols \arccos \cos \csc \exp \ker \limsup \min \sinh \arcsin \cosh \deg \gcd \lg \ln \Pr \sup \arctan \cot \det \hom \lim \log \sec \tan \arg \coth \dim \inf \liminf \max \sin \tanh Calling the above symbols may be a bit misleading. 1 Each log-like symbol merely produces the eponymous textual equivalent, but with proper surrounding spacing. See Section 7.3 for more information about log-like symbols. As \bmod and \pmod are arguably not symbols we refer the reader to the Short Math Guide for L A TEX [Dow00] for samples. Table 85: AMS Log-like Symbols inj lim \injlim lim \varinjlim lim \varlimsup proj lim \projlim lim \varliminf lim \varprojlim Load the amsmath package to get these symbols. See Section 7.3 for some additional comments regarding log-like symbols. As \mod and \pod are arguably not symbols we refer the reader to the Short Math Guide for L A TEX [Dow00] for samples. 1 Michael J. Downes prefers the more general term, atomic math objects. 31