Q1. Aluminium has many uses because of its low density, good electrical conductivity, flexibility and resistance to corrosion.
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1 Q. Aluminium has many uses because of its low density, good electrical conductivity, flexibility and resistance to crosion. The main steps in the extraction of aluminium are shown in the flow chart. (a) Use the infmation in the flow chart to suggest the benefits of recycling aluminium. (3) (b) Pure aluminium is rarely used f the construction of large objects. Small amounts of other metals are usually mixed with aluminium. Explain why. () (Total 5 marks) Page of 5
2 Q. Titanium is used in aircraft, ships and hip replacement joints. Titanium is as strong as steel but 45% lighter, and is me resistant to acids and alkalis. Most titanium is produced from its e, rutile (titanium oxide), by a batch process that takes up to 7 days. Titanium reacts produce about tonne of the metal per day. Iron blast furnaces produce about tonnes of the metal per hour. (a) Give one property of titanium that makes it me useful than steel f hip replacement joints. () (b) In the react magnesium is used to produce titanium. If carbon were used instead of magnesium, no titanium would be produced. What does this tell you about the relative reactivities of carbon, magnesium and titanium? () Page of 5
3 Cu S +...O...CuO + SO () (c) The use of titanium is limited because it is expensive. Explain why titanium costs me than steel. (3) (Total 6 marks) Q3. Copper is a widely used metal. The main e of copper contains copper sulfide. Copper can be extracted from copper sulfide in a three stage process. (a) In the first stage of extraction the copper sulfide is heated in air. (i) Balance the symbol equation f the reaction. (ii) Explain why there would be an environmental problem if the gas from this reaction were allowed to escape into the atmosphere. () (b) In the second stage copper oxide, CuO, is reduced using carbon. Describe and explain what happens during this reaction. () Page 3 of 5
4 (c) During the third stage the copper can be purified as shown in the diagram. (i) What is the name of the type of process used f this purification? () (ii) Give one use of purified copper. () (d) Copper-rich es are running out. New ways of extracting copper from low grade es are being researched. Recycling of copper may be better than extracting copper from its es. Explain why. (3) (Total 0 marks) Q4. The 50 Eurocent coin is made from an alloy called Ndic Gold. Page 4 of 5
5 The pie chart shows the percentage by mass of each metal in Ndic Gold. (a) (i) Calculate the percentage of aluminium, Al, in the coin.. () (ii) The 50 Eurocent coin has a mass of 7 grams. Calculate the mass of zinc, Zn, in this coin... Mass of zinc =... g () (b) Zinc is extracted by removing oxygen from zinc oxide. (i) What name is given to a reaction in which oxygen is removed from a substance? () (ii) Explain how oxygen can be removed from zinc oxide to make zinc. Use the reactivity series on the Data Sheet to help you. () (Total 6 marks) Q5. Cassiterite is an e of the metal tin. (a) What is an e? () Page 5 of 5
6 (b) Some metals are obtained by removing oxygen from the metal oxide. What name do we give to this chemical reaction? () (c) Name one metal which must be extracted from its melted e by electrolysis rather than by using carbon. () (Total 4 marks) Page 6 of 5
7 Q6. The chart below shows the metals which are present in a coin. (a) Identify the alloy used to make this coin... () Page 7 of 5
8 (b) The mass of the coin is.5g. Calculate the mass of copper in this coin..... () (c) Suggest what properties would make an alloy suitable f making a coin (3) (Total 6 marks) Page 8 of 5
9 M. (a) any three from: resources / aluminium / es are conserved accept converse argument less / no mining less associated environmental problems eg quarrying / eyese / dust / traffic / noise / loss of land / habitat igne just pollution less / no waste (rock) / landfill do not accept wastes 50% of the e no purification / separation (of aluminium oxide) (aluminium extraction / production) has high energy / electricity / heat / temperature requirements less carbon dioxide produced accept no carbon dioxide produced igne references to cost 3 (b) statement igne density linked reason eg (pure) Al / it is weak / soft () as layers / rows can slide (over each other) () alloy / other metals / they make it stronger / harder () stops layers / rows sliding over each other () accept disrupts the structure owtte if no other mark awarded accept to fm an alloy to change properties f mark [5] M. (a) any one from: light(er) / less dense igne stronger resistant to acids / alkalis / chemical accept resistant to crosion Page 9 of 5
10 (b) any two from: it must be clear list principle applies allow reverse argument igne reference to temperature magnesium is me reactive than titanium magnesium is above titanium in the reactivity series titanium is me reactive than carbon magnesium is me reactive than carbon magnesium is most reactive carbon is least reactive (c) any three from: it = titanium igne references to cost / easier / usefulness alone references to increct processes takes a long time to process low abundance (of e) small amount produced batch process used blast furnace is continuous me stages used to manufacture titanium allow 3 / many / several me energy used (per tonne of titanium) allow high energy requirement igne references to temperature magnesium / chline is expensive labour intensive 3 [6] Page 0 of 5
11 M3. (a) (i) Cu S + O CuO + SO accept fractions and multiple (ii) any two from: sulfur dioxide accept sulphur dioxide / sulphur oxide / SO causes acid rain igne other comments eg global warming / ozone / global dimming / greenhouse effect consequence of acid rain eg kills fish / plants (b) any two from: heat (copper oxide with carbon) oxygen is removed by carbon accept copper (oxide) loses oxygen carbon gains oxygen accept carbon oxide carbon monoxide / carbon dioxide is produced carbon displaces copper accept a crect wd balanced symbol equation because carbon is me reactive than copper allow a crect comparison of reactivity (c) (i) electrolysis accept electroplating (ii) (electrical) wiring / appliances / coins / pipes / cladding f buildings / jewellery / making alloys named alloys Page of 5
12 (d) any three explanations from: f recycling less acid rain (pollution) copper reserves last longer / conserved do not run out energy f extraction (saved) less energy required less mining / quarrying less waste (copper) / electrical appliances dumped less landfill against recycling collection problems transpt problems difficult to separate copper from appliances energy used to melt the collected copper igne electrolysis / pollution igne ideas about less machinery / plant igne idea of cost 3 [0] M4. (a) (i) 5(%) (ii) 0.35 f mark (b) (i) reduction accept (it s) reduced do not accept redox / deoxidation Page of 5
13 (ii) heat with / reduce / react with (chemical) reaction with a metal / element / substance higher in reactivity igne displace accept higher named elements symbol accept carbon monoxide / coal / coke crect wd equation f marks crect fmulas f mark crect balanced symbol equation f marks electrolysis: molten () electrolysis () [6] M5. (a) ideas that it is a compound of metal/metal oxide/combined (NOT mixed) cpd/ named cpd O - /S - /CO 3 - etc found naturally/in rocks/in Earth s Crust f mark each (b) reduction (accept smelting/refining but not electrolysis) f mark (c) One example. Al above in Reactivity Series ie Group I II metals NOT Pb/Cu compounds f mark [4] M6. (a) coinage bronze (b) (97/00).5 =.45 each line f mark Page 3 of 5
14 (c) 3 points from the following: hard wearing, resistant to crosion, low in reactivity low density abundant metal/low cost shiny/appearance not brittle (Other properties of metals treated as neutral) 3 [6] Page 4 of 5
15 Page 5 of 5
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