WHICH WORMING METHOD IS MOST SUITABLE FOR YOUR HORSE?

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1 CONFUSED ABOUT WORMING HORSES? There are two different methods of worming your horse using a routine worming programme, or worming strategically. Routine worming means you worm your horse throughout the year, at the interval described by the wormer you have chosen to use. Strategic worming means you only worm your horse if a faecal sample indicates that they have a high worm burden. The enclosed information will help you decide which method will suit your horses and how to implement each programme. WHICH WORMING METHOD IS MOST SUITABLE FOR YOUR HORSE? KEY *WEC = worm egg count **epg = eggs per gram Is it practical to collect faecal samples from all your horses? NO YES Sticking to a routine worming schedule may be most suitable. (See BLUE sheet) YES Do you have 2 horses under 3 years old? NO Strategic worming may be most suitable. (See YELLOW sheet) Bring in a faecal sample from all your horses for WEC*. WEC>200epg** WEC<200epg WORM DO NOT WORM Resample at interval determined by wormer s active ingredient Resample in 8-12 weeks (interval may increase if consistently <200epg) WEC>200epg WEC<200epg WEC>200epg WEC<200epg

2 ADVICE REGARDING ROUTINE HORSE WORMING PROGRAMMES How to use a routine worming programme Chose a wormer for the year from one of the drug groups below (either alone or in combination) Avermectins e.g. ivermectin or moxidectin based wormers Pyrantel based wormers Praziquantel based wormers Benzimadazoles e.g. fenbendazole based wormers Use these wormers throughout the year at the recommended interval, remembering it varies from drug to drug. It can be useful to mark a calendar to plan the next date of worming. Remember tapeworm in the spring and autumn. Strongid P Pyratape Eqvalan Duo Equimax Equest Pramox Equitape Double dose needed Single dose needed only Remember small redworm larvicidal dose between November and January Equest 5 days of Panacur Guard Foals Worm at two and six weeks of age with Panacur paste Keep foaling boxes disinfected Eraquell (ivermectins) can be used from 4 weeks of age Strongid P (pyrantel) can be used from 8 weeks of age Equest (moxidectin) can be used from 5 months of age should only be necessary from the autumn of the year of birth (spring if the foal is very late) Is your worming working? Check how your worming programme is working by collecting a fresh dropping sample and bringing it into the practice for a worm egg count (WEC) with same day results. Best time for droppings sample is 2 weeks after worming although if you can t remember that just collect one and hand it in. A blood sample is required to test for tapeworms and to show tapeworm levels in the previous 12 weeks.

3 STRATEGIC WORMING THE WAY FORWARD? Strategic worming means you only worm the horse if the faecal worm egg count (WEC) is greater than 200 eggs per gram. Recent research shows that a low level of worms encourages the horse to improve his own immunity against worms. If the horse did not require worming, a repeat sample is taken 8-12 weeks from the original sample. If the samples continue to be negative the intervals between sampling can be stretched to 2-4 times per year. Advantages of strategic worming:- Cost effective only treat those that need worming Less resistance worms are not exposed to excessive worming drugs so take longer to adapt and become resistant to the drugs Environmentally friendly less build up of drugs on the pasture If you decide to use strategic worming, do bear in mind that:- All horses need to have repeated WEC Youngstock require repeated worming as they are more susceptible to worms Strategic worming is optimized by:- Picking up droppings Pasture rotation to give each area a rest of at least 3 months Mixed species grazing equine parasites cannot survive in cattle and sheep Limitations:- levels not assessed either worm in spring and autumn for tapeworm or use blood samples to detect any tapeworm infection Small redworm larvae not assessed - use a larvicidal dose once yearly between November and January

4 OPTIMISING ANY HORSE WORM CONTROL PROGRAMME Use correct dose for weight Spillers have kindly provided a set of equine scales for free client use. These are based at Alnwick and you are welcome to drop in with your horse for a weigh-in. Breed type/height a rough guide to weights Mature Shetland - 100kg 10hh pony - 200kg 12.2hh pony kg Donkey kg 13.2hh pony kg 14.2 pony - 400kg 15.2hh TB kg 15hh Cob - 550kg 16.2hh TB kg 16.2hh Hunter kg 17hh TB kg 17hh Hunter kg Shires/Clydesdales - 800kg New arrivals to the yard worm as arrive for all parasites ideally isolate for 7 days in a stable or separate paddock so any worms excreted do not become a new resident population Remember other infectious diseases require approximately 2 weeks of isolation e.g. strangles, ringworm, herpes virus, equine influenza. Paddock rotation Rest pasture for at least 3 months if possible Clean pasture reduces the worm burden the horse is exposed to Do be aware if the horse/pony is prone to laminitis or tying up Pick up droppings Especially important if on restricted grazing as worm larvae migrate from droppings onto the surrounding grass Graze with sheep or cattle horse worms are unable to survive in these animals

5 HORSE WORMING DRUGS AVAILABLE The following table shows you the worming drugs available and their duration of action. It must be noted that duration of action differs between drugs, as do the parasites targeted. Duration of Trade name Active ingredient Action Action EQUEST MOXIDECTIN 12 weeks Kills all except tapeworm Effective against encysted small redworm larvae EQVALAN IVERMECTIN 8 weeks Kills all except small VECTIN IVERMECTIN 8 weeks redworm larvae and ERAQUELL IVERMECTIN 8 weeks tapeworm STRONGID P PYRANTEL TARTRATE 4 weeks Double dose kills tapeworm PYRATYPE PYRANTEL TARTRATE 4 weeks Kills round worms Does not kill bots or encysted small redworm larvae EQUITAPE PRAZIQUANTEL only EQVALAN DUO PRAZIQUANTEL & IVERMECTIN 8 weeks EQUIMAX PRAZIQUANTEL & IVERMECTIN 8 weeks Kills all at single dose, except encysted small redworm larvae EQUEST PRAMOX PRAZIQUANTEL &MOXIDECTIN 13 weeks Kills all at a single dose PANACUR GUARD FENBENDAZOLE 4 weeks 5 day course kills Encysted small redworm larvae, but there is some resistance. Does not kill tapeworm.

6 Year 1 Alnorthumbria Veterinary Group An example of a worming programme for horses Ivermectin JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Ivermectin Ivermectin Ivermectin Ivermectin Ivermectin Ivermectin Year 2 Moxidectin JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Moxidectin Moxidectin Moxidectin Moxidectin