AUTOMATED HPLC SCREENING AND METHOD DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
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1 WA2277 AUTOMATED HPLC SCREENING AND METHOD DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM Rudy Sneyers, Willy Janssens, Achille Pluym and Ivan Somers Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. DRUG EVALUATION - ANALYTICAL DEVELOPMENT 1
2 INTRODUCTION For the development of selective HPLC methods to be used for quantitative deteration of impurities, degradants, excipients and active in the drug substance as well as in the drug product a screening concept is currently used. The concept is based on a matrix screening between different ph and stationary phases. The screening module consist of 4 HPLC systems each operating with a different MS compatible mobile phase at a different ph. Each HPLC system is connected with a valve switcher to permit automated selection between 8 columns with different selectivity. After screening 32 chromatograms for each sample have to be evaluated. The best separation is selected based on ph and column selectivity. 2
3 Screening Experiments A B ph = Zorbax Extend C18 2. Zorbax Bonus RP 3. Waters XTerra MS C18 4. Waters XTerra RP18 5. Waters Xterra Phenyl 6. Waters Symmetry Shield 7. YMC Pro C18 8. YMC Pack C4 A B ph = Zorbax Extend C18 2. Zorbax Bonus RP 3. Waters XTerra MS C18 4. Waters XTerra RP18 5. Waters Xterra Phenyl 6. Waters Symmetry Shield 7. YMC Pro C18 8. YMC Pack C4 A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (95/5 v/v) +.1%, v/v TFA B : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (/9 v/v) +.1%, v/v TFA A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (95/5 v/v) +.5%, v/v CH 3 COOH B : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (/9 v/v) +.5%, v/v CH 3 COOH A B ph = 7 1. Zorbax Extend C18 2. Zorbax Bonus RP 3. Waters XTerra MS C18 4. Waters XTerra RP18 5. Waters Xterra Phenyl 6. Waters Symmetry Shield 7. YMC Pro C18 8. YMC Pack C4 A B ph = 9 1. Zorbax Extend C18 2. Zorbax Bonus RP 3. Waters XTerra MS C18 4. Waters XTerra RP18 5. Waters Xterra Phenyl 6. Waters Symmetry Shield 7. YMC Pro C18 8. YMC Pack C4 A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (95/5, v/v) B : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (/9, v/v) A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (95/5 v/v) +.5%, v/v DEA B : 1 mm NH 4 OAc in water - CH 3 CN (/9 v/v) +.5%, v/v DEA 3
4 32 chromatograms for each sample 1. Zorbax Extend C 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-3.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-4.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-5.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-6.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-7.D) 5. YMC Pack C 4 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-35.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-36.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-37.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-38.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-39.D) stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen 2 stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 5 T T T T Zorbax Bonus RP DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-11.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-12.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-13.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-14.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-15.D) Waters Symmetry Shield RP 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-43.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-44.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-45.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-46.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-47.D) stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht 5 stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 5 R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 T T2475 T T Waters XTerra MS C 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-19.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-2.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-21.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-22.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-23.D) 7. YMC Pro C 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-51.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-52.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-53.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-54.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-55.D) stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht 5 stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 T T R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 T T Waters XTerra RP 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-27.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-28.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-29.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-3.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-31.D) 8. Alltech Platinum EPS C 18 DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-59.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-6.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-61.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-62.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-63.D) stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen 5 stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 T T stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 T T
5 Selected ph and column DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-3.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-4.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-5.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-6.D) *DAD1 A, Sig=24,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R28176\PH2.5\PH25-7.D) 25 2 stress, ph=6, 7 C, OS, 2 dagen stress, ph=4, 8h daglicht stress, ph=2, 8h daglicht R28176: JFHE_15_77_1 5 T T
6 DAD1 A, Sig=23,4 Ref=55, (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) VWD1 A, Wavelength=23 nm (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) VWD1 A, Wavelength=23 nm (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) VWD1 A, Wavelength=23 nm (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) VWD1 A, Wavelength=23 nm (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) VWD1 A, Wavelength=23 nm (G:\CQC-LC\DATA\MO\R184798\ D) Optimization A : 1 mm NH 4OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3 CN A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3CN - IPA (7/3) 95/5 to 4/6 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm 95/5 to 4/6 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm Once a suitable ph and column is selected generally other appropriate chromatographic parameters (gradient, organic modifiers, temperature, ionic strength.. ) are optimized step by step. A : 1 mm NH 4OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3 CN - CH 3 OH (7/3) 95/5 to 4/6 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3 CN - CH 3 OH - IPA (5/3/2) 95/5 to 5/5 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm A : 1 mm NH 4 OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3OH - IPA (7/3) 95/5 to 4/6 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm 45 C 4 C 35 C A : 25 mm NH 4 OAc +.5% DEA B : CH 3CN - CH 3OH - IPA (5/3/2) 95/5 to 5/5 in 2 1 ml/ 23 nm LO CK ED METHOD Column W ate rs X T erra M S C 18; 3.5 µm; x 4.6 mm; (ph range: 1-12) Mobile Phase A : 1 mm NH 4 Ac in water +.5 % DEA B : acetonitrile/methanol/2-propanol: 5/3/2 v/v/v% E lution m ode linear gradient Time % A % B Flow 1. m l/m in. Temperature 35 C Detection 23 nm Injection volum e 2 µl Dilution solvent water 6
7 Major Roadblocks with currently used process Many chromatograms to evaluate manually - very complex - very time consug The main problem with this manual selection is the peak tracking between the obtained chromatograms. Currently this peak tracking is performed based on peak heights, peak shapes and PDA spectra YMC Pro C18 ph XTerra RP 18 C18 ph 7 Optimization is done step by step
8 New Approach The new approach is the on-line combination of four HPLC systems and one mass spectrometer with a computer modelling and simulation system. The mass spectrometer is installed with a MUX interface. In this way the related compounds can be immediately identified based on molecular mass. Summary reports will be automatically generated and transfered to a chromatographic method development software (DryLab or ACD). All important chromatographic parameters can be optimized with the assistance of the above described Method Development System. 8
9 Automated Screening and Method Optimization System 9
10 Installation MUX Source on Waters ZQ scan time:.13 sec inter - scan delay:.1 sec 1
11 Waves Method Variables 1 mm 25 mm Buffer Concentration WAVE 1 (screening) Optimum ph Best column Optimum buffer concentration 25 (35 ) 55 (65 ) Gradient WAVE 2-3 (optimization) ph ph 2.5 (NH 4 OAc + TFA) ph 4.8 (NH 4 OAc + CH 3 COOH) ph 7. (NH 4 OAc) ph 9. (NH 4 OAc + DEA) 64 experiments Columns Zorbax Extend C 18 Zorbax Bonus RP XTerra MS XTerra RP 18 XTerra Phenyl Symmetry Shield RP 18 YMC Pro C 18 YMC Buthyl C 4 Temperature 15 C 6 C 12 experiments Organic Modifier CH 3 CN CH 3 OH IPA THF with and without additive 11
12 Process Raw Data Yellow Box Integrate PDA BPI (MaxPlot) Define correlating MS base peak for each integrated PDA peak Generate a list of all masses found Reject false positives based on missing 13 C-isotope Tracking of all remaining masses with corresponding RT - Area - Peak Width Generate summary table 12
13 Integrate MaxPlot, define BPI and generate list masses found List masses found Example 1 Condition: 1mM ph 2.5 Retention Time: 9.79 Example 2 Condition: 1mM ph 2.5 Retention Time: 12.5 Example 1: MH (BPI) added to list Example 2: co-elution MH (BPI) added to list MH not added to list M.H
14 Integrate MaxPlot, define BPI and generate list masses found List masses found Example 3 Condition: 1mM ph 7 Retention Time: Example 3: MH added to list It is statistically significant that within 64 experiments all peaks are once separated and the corresponding masses are added to the list. M.H
15 OpenLynx : Define All Masses 15
16 Reject false positives Ghost-peaks, baseline fluctuations, blank peaks will also add a mass to the list but will be rejected afterwards based on the missing 13 C-isotope (marked yellow in the list). List masses found Example 4 Condition: 1mM ph 2.5 Retention Time: 3.97 Coctail 1 DE-AD 13-Dec-21 AO-395 1:38:45 COL1_1_25_S1 241 (4.43) Cm (238:243-(226: :258)) 1: Scan ES % m/z Example 4: MH (BPI) will be rejected M.H
17 Reprocess found masses The list of all masses is reprocessed by OpenLynx to obtain for each mass the corresponding RT, area and peak width in each experiment. Co-elutors can now easily be tracked. 17
18 Tracking of all masses found with corresponding RT - Area - Peak Width List masses found ph 2.5 ph 4.8 ph 7 ph 9 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm M.H + RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width The list of masses is now extended to a Summary Table 18
19 Summary Table List masses found ph 2.5 ph 4.8 ph 7 ph 9 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm M.H + RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width If a particular mass is only found in a few experiments (number set by user), that mass is statistically not relevant and will be rejected. (marked green in the Summary Table) If in the Summary Table two masses consistently co-elute over the whole number of experiments (retention time in two rows of the Summary Table match exactly), then the highest mass may be dropped. e.g. 13 C-isotope, 81 Brisotope, 37 Cl-isotope etc (marked blue in the Summary Table) 19
20 Optimization Software List masses found ph 2.5 ph 4.8 ph 7 ph 9 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm M.H + RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width RT Area Width The lean Summary Table will be transferred to a chromatographic method development software (DryLab or ACD) for prediction of the optimum in wave 1, 2 and 3. 2
21 Conclusions and Remarks Conclusions This screening and method development system will improve significantly the quality (reliability, robustness and cost reduction) of the methods and reduce the development time. Remarks Integrated peaks with no mass response are not covered. Compounds with no UV response but with mass response are not covered. Interference of non UV additives (cyclodextrines) can make the process of mass tracking more difficult. ZQ-MUX is exclusively used for peak tracking. The peaks not covered by the system can be investigated afterwards with high resolution LC-MS. 21
22 CONTACT INFORMATION Rudy Sneyers
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