Implementation and Upgrade Guide

Transcription

1 Gary Nolan and Debasish Khaitan Efficient SAP NetWeavef BW Implementation and Upgrade Guide Galileo Press Bonn Boston

2 Acknowledgments 21 Introduction 23 &/ f ^"ASIBttiBB^iXiS 1.1 SAP ECC vs. SAP NetWeaver BW Implementations Difference Between OLTP and OLAP Systems SAP NetWeaver BW from A to Z Extraction Staging and Storage Transformation and Harmonization Presentation External Data: What is the Big Deal? Build for the Present, Keep an Eye on the Future Dirty Data Can't SAP NetWeaver BW Just Clean the Data? Understanding SAP NetWeaver BW Reasons for implementing SAP NetWeaver BW Analytical System Access from the Transactional (SAP ECC) System Transition to a Single Version of the Truth Consolidation, Harmonization, and Centralization of Information Establish an EDW Competitive Advantage Provide Flexible Analysis of Information Assets Business Information to More People in the Organization The Report is Not the Only Output of SAP NetWeaverBW Implementations Why Not Another Data Warehouse? Data Extraction From ECC is Much Easier with SAP NetWeaver BW SAP NetWeaver BW Has Pre-configured Business Content Objects 52 7

3 SAP NetWeaver BW is Already Part of the Landscape SAP NetWeaver BW is the Foundation for Most SAP NetWeaver Products What SAP NetWeaver BW is Not Designed to Do SAP NetWeaver BW is Not a Transactional System SAP NetWeaver BW is Not the Only Reporting System SAP NetWeaver BW is Not Usuaily Updated in Real Time BW is Not a Silver Bullet SAP BusinessObjects Capabilities Ingredients for a Successful SAP NetWeaver BW Project Manager Cood Communication Skills Knowledge of SAP NetWeaver BW and Data Warehousing Knowfedge of Business Processes and Ana/ysfs Goa/s The Need for Political Savvy Highly Organized and Quality Minded Willing and Able to Develop and Enforce Standards Team Building Budget Accountability Willing to Say Both "Yes" and "No" Conclusion 68 IlllöiJ 2.1 Defining an Upgrade Strategy SAP NetWeaver BW Implementation Approach SAP NetWeaver BW Hardware Sizing Landscape Strategy Insist on a Sand box System Think About the Training Environment Adding a Production Support System Keep Development, QA, Production Environments in Sync Assess New Phases of Development Upgrade Landscape Transport Strategy 86 8

4 2.6.1 Develop and Communicate the Transport Path Implement Transport Approval Process from the Beginning Make Sure Each Developer Locks Objects Transport Steward Process Keep athorough Log of Transports Develop a Process for Troubleshooting Failed Transports Some Objects will be Changeable Transport Organizer Tool New Release Rollout Strategy Challenges Timingof SAP NetWeaver BW Rollout Rollout Scope Upgrade Rollout Strategy Timing Features and Functionality Upgrade Testing Strategy Upgrade Change Management Strategy Database Strategy EDW and Global Rollup Strategies Report Strategy Query Strategy Visual Composer Web Template Strategy SAP BusinessObjects Strategy Support Package Strategy Recommendation Front-End 111 Support Packages 2.13 Authorization Strategy SAP NetWeaver BW Security Authorizations for Upgrade to NW 2004s Conclusion Unclear Definition of Goals and Scope Develop Clear Project Scope Documentation Establish Milestones 117 9

5 3.1.3 Avoid Scope Creep Establish a Scope Change Control Process Take Advantage of Existing Legacy Systems Over-Ambitious Scope Start Small Be Wary of Implementing SAP NetWeaver BW at the Same Time as SAP ECC or SAP R/ UnrealisticTime Line Don't Forget the Time for Documentation and Training 3.4 Governance Communication Issues Insist on Weekly Status Reports Encourage Informal Discussion Locate Centrally Centralize Issues List and Use It Ownership Issues Insist on Signoff of Documents Have the Power Users Develop the SAP NetWeaver BW Queries Data Quality Issues Don't Completely Rely on the Source Systems to Ensure Data Quality Establish Active Governance of Data Don't Keep Data Mismatch Issues Open for Long Time Leverage the SAP BusinessObjects Data Services Tool Turn to a Third-Party to Help with Validation Data Alignment Issues Master Data Alignment Transactional Data Alignment Data Realignment Realignment Without Reload-Is It Possible? Remodeling Toolbox Performance Issues Establish Clear Goals for Performance Measure Against the Performance Goals via Stat/stics InfoCubes Establish a Performance Sub-Team Keep Up-to-Date on Support Packages Data Model for Performance Technical and Infrastructure Issues

6 3.12 Resource Issues Insist onthe Best, Not Just the Most Available The Consultant-Heavy Project Insist on Interviewing All Candidates Transition Out Bad Consultants Avoid Conflict Between Consulting Partners, SAP, and Others SAP R/3 or SAP ECC Basis Experience is Not SAP NetWeaver BW Experience Keep the Project Team Physically Together Political Issues Over-Customization Determine If the Customization Can Take Place Outside of SAP NetWeaver BW Develop a "Why not SAP?" Approach Know Where Many SAP NetWeaver BW Projects Use Third-Party Tools Validation Tools Meeting and Decision Paralysis Slow Decision Making The Lonely SAP NetWeaver BW Team The Populär SAP NetWeaver BW Team What Can be Done? Change Control and Change Management Change Control Analyze Organization User Groups Using Different Reporting Tools Conclusion The Data Warehouse Lifecycle The Upgrade Lifecycle What's New in NW 2004s SAP NetWeaver BW System? Upgrading on the Existing SAP NetWeaver BW Landscape Dedicated Upgrade Landscape Production Support Düring Upgrade Testing

7 4.2.5 Obsolete Queries Upgrade How Long Cutover 187 Will This Take? When Should I Upgrade? Project Charter Detail Scope Documentation What Is a Stakeholder? Stakeholder Document Communication Plan Document Integrated Project Plan Naming Standards Document SAP NetWeaver BW Development Standards Document Other Documents Planning for Information Lifecycle Management Typical Roles Needed for an SAP NetWeaver BW Project SAP NetWeaver BW Project Manager SAP NetWeaver BW Business Subject Matter Expert SAP NetWeaver BW Data Architect SAP NetWeaver BW Applications Developer SAP NetWeaver BW Presentation Developer SAP NetWeaver BW Basis Developer ABAP Developer SAP Portal Consultant Staffing a SAP NetWeaver BW Project Small SAP NetWeaver BW Project Medium-Sized SAP NetWeaver BW Project Large SAP NetWeaver BW Project Large Global SAP NetWeaver BW Project Outsourcing and SAP NetWeaver BW When Does Outsourcing Work? SAP NetWeaver BW Interview Process Training Requirements Conclusion Requirements Gathering Interviews

8 5.1.2 Is All Data in SAP ECC or SAP R/3 or in Multiple Systems? Is Intra-Day or Real-Time Reporting Needed? What Else Do You Know About the Requirement? Information Request Form Gathering a Report Inventory Functional Model Document How Many Functional Model Documents are Needed? Sections of the Functional Model Document SAP NetWeaver BW Key Figure or KPI Matrix Steps to Obtain SAP NetWeaver BW Star Schema Model from the KPI Matrix Step 1: Determine Business Subjects Step 2: Assign Business Subjects to Key Figure Step 3: Determine Strang Entities and Granularity Step 4 Join Similar Key Figures Budgeting or Estimating SAP NetWeaver BW Time Lines SAP NetWeaver BW Physical Model Business Content Evaluation Key Figure (Top Down) Approach Data Source (Bottom Up) Approach Business Content as a LearningTool Evaluating Business Content for Your Needs Using a Subset of the Business Content Design Reviews Functional Model Review Conceptual and Physical Model Review Data Model and System Review Final Check Conclusion Extracting and Loading Data from SAP Source Systems Service API DataSources Generated DataSources Generic DataSources Custom ABAP DataSources

9 6.1.5 Filling In Missing Data in Extractions Testingthe DataSources Loading Data from Non-SAP Source Systems Fiat File Interfaces DBConnect UDConnect XML Interfaces ETL Interfaces Extracting Data From the SAP NetWeaver BW System Loading and Transforming Data into SAP NetWeaver BW Transformation and Mapping of Data in SAP NetWeaver BW Version 3.x Transformation and Mapping of Data in NW 2004s Start Routines End Routines Expert Routines ImplementingTransformations Auditing Transformations for Efficiency Converting from Version 3.x to NW 2004s Transformations InfoSource Appending or Changing Standard SAP NetWeaver BW Objects DataModeling Loading into an DSO or ODS Create a Consolidation Layer for Data Extract Once, Use Many Times Write Optimized DSO Use the Right Object for the Job Designing Process Chains Issue Resolution and Issue Tracking Reporting Issues via SAP's Service Marketplace Response Delays Query Performance Analysis in SAP NetWeaver BW Data Model Does Not Fit the Data Volume Poor Query Definition Lack of Aggregates OLAP Cache Partitioning Not Set Database Statistics Not Up-to-Date

10 6.9.7 Virtual Characteristics and Key Figures Time-Dependent Complex Master Data 315 Authorizations NW 2004s Bl Accelerator Conclusion Data Model and System Review Documenting SAP NetWeaver BW Configuration SAP NetWeaver BW Functional Model Document DataStore Object/Operational Data Store (DSO/ODS) Technical Design Document InfoCube Technical Design Document Extraction, Transformation, and Loading (ETL) Technical Design Document The MetaData Repository SAP NetWeaver BW Document Management Tool SAP Solution Manager Transport Management in SAP NetWeaver BW SAP NetWeaver BW Transport Management System Tips General SAP NetWeaver BW Transport Tips Separate SAP NetWeaver BW Transports into Logical Groups Keep Careful Watch of Transports Take Good Notes Never Leave a Transport Behind Final Cutover Recapture of Transports The Mock Cutover Testing in SAP NetWeaver BW Develop at SAP NetWeaver BW Test Plan Developing Test Scripts for SAP NetWeaver BW Automated Testing Tools Organizational Change Management Training A Separate Training System Do I Really Need Hands-On Training? Training Budget

11 DMAIC Contents 7.8 Cutover Planning Go-Live Checklist Run Initial Loads in SAP NetWeaver BW Create and Schedule Process Chains in SAP NetWeaver BW Schedule SAP ECC Jobs Portals and SAP NetWeaver BW Developing a Portal Strategy SAP Safeguarding Service for SAP NetWeaver BW Go-Live Conclusion Post-Implementation Review Building a Production Support Center of Excellence (COE) Transitioning from SAP NetWeaver BW Development to Production-Support COE Transition the Knowledge Determine Measurement Criteria Ongoing SAP NetWeaver BW Reconciliation and Validation Develop a Reconciliation Strategy Reconciling the Data to SAP ECC or SAP R/ Reconciling Data to External Systems Periodic Jobs to Run in an SAP NetWeaver BW Environment Develop an Ongoing SAP NetWeaver BW Support Package Strategy Frontend Support Packages Conduct a Lessons-Learned Session Retaining and AAotivating Staff for Future Rollouts Prepare for Future Rollouts Conclusion 378 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 9.1 Introduction to Six Sigma History Definition Six Sigma Methodology

12 Supplier Fishbone Contents Six Sigma Terminologies Basic Statistics Reasons to Implement Six Sigma in an SAP NetWeaver BW Project Six Sigma is a Pro-Active Approach Talking in Customer's Language High level of Correctness Happy Strategie Users A Foundation for New Business Opportunities Phase 1: Define Voice of Customer and Voice of Business Critical to Quality (CTQ) CTQTree Project Charter Phase 2: Measure SIPOC Analyze Process Input Process Output Customer 390 Diagram Cause and Impact Analysis Phase 3: Analyze Pie Chart Bar Charts Pareto Chart Histogram and Box Plots Conclusion of Analyze Phase Phase 4: Improve BrainWriting Brain Storming Select and Implement Ideas Conclusion SAP + BusinessObjects SAP NetWeaver BW Presentation Layer SAP NetWeaver BW Standard BEx Reporting Reporting with SAP BusinessObjects SAP BusinessObjects Installation Guides

13 SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise Server Installation SAP BusinessObjects Client Installation OLAP Universe Design Based on SAP SAP NetWeaver BW Creating OLAP Universe Based on SAP NetWeaver BWQueries Setting OLAP Universe Generation Options Customizing OLAP Universe Leveraging SAP NetWeaver BW Query Variables in Universe OLAP Universe: Best Practice and Guidelines Web Intelligence Report Design on Universe In Which Scenario Can Web Intelligence be Used? Creating a Web Intelligence Report Exporting Web Intelligence Report in Enterprise CMS Define Alert in Web Intelligence Report Accessing Web Intelligence Reports from JnfoView Opening and Saving Web Intelligence Report in Different Modes within InfoView Displaying Track Changes in Web Intelligence Report Query as a Web Service (QaaWS) Starting QaaWS Tool Steps for Creating a New QaaWS Business Scenarios Where QaaWS is Required Implementation Best Practice for QaaWS Xcelsius Different Types of Flavors to Suite Your Need Creating a Simple Xcelsius Application Based on QaaWS Xcelsius Best Practices Microsoft Office Integration with Live Office Live Office Ribbon within Microsoft Office Applications Logging in SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise from Live Office Inserting Crystal Reports Content in Live Office Document fnserting Web Intelligence Content in Live Office Document Inserting Universe Query in Live Office Document

14 10.9 Crystal Reports Crystal Reports Connectivity Options with SAP SAP Toolbar in Crystal Reports General Steps to Create A Simple Report Based on SAP NetWeaver BW Query Crystal Reports Best Practices Information Discovery with Polestar What is Information Space? Accessing Polestar Creating Space Information Search Features in Polestar Guidelines and Best Practices for Polestar Pioneer: The Best ofthe Both Worlds Other Tools Provided by SAP BusinessObjects SAP BusinessObjects Data Services SAP Business Objects Bl Widget Voyager SAP BusinessObjects Data Federator SAP BusinessObjects LifeCycle Manager Summary 447 Bffl^^w 11.1 Usingthis Book 449 msi 11.2 Common Issues and Challenges Important Things to Remember More Challenging than an ECC or R/3 Project Management Commitment Needed from the Beginning Project Management: User-Focused, Not Technology Focused Clear Methodology Needed to Determine Requirements Understanding Data Load Volume and Granularity Manage Expectations for BW Fix Bad Data at Its Source Build a BW System, Not aseries Of Data Marts

15 When the BW System Is Live, the Solution Isn't Finished Conclusion 452 A Sample Project Plan 455 B Important Checklists 473 C Document Templates 487 D Common Issues When Upgrading from SAP NetWeaver BW Version 3.x to NW 2004s 505 E Sample SAP NetWeaver BW Naming Standards Document 511 F SAP NetWeaver BW Integration Test Script 515 G Bibliography 519 H TheAuthors 521 Index