GEO-7699-P Exploring the role of UAS in cadastral mapping and land titling in rural Peru

Transcription

1 GEO-7699-P Exploring the role of UAS in cadastral mapping and land titling in rural Peru Kevin Barthel The Land Alliance Ruddy Rezza Geo Systems (Consultant) November 4 th, 2014 Las Vegas

2 Objectives of the Presentation Introduce attendees to an innovative, effective and appropriate use of UAV/UAS technology Explore the role of UAV/UAS in updating surveys of rural land parcels in the context of a developing country Foster interest in the land tenure and land administration community to use UAV/UAS and begin expanding the experiences, results, lessons learned Push the equipment and software developers, distributors and service providers to innovate more rapidly in the UAV/UAS space

3 Location of Presentation Peru La Libertad & Ayacucho

4 Policy Decentralizing land titling and the collection and management of cadastral data to the Regional Governments

5 Technology Utilizing new technology to address land challenges more efficiently and effectively

6 Community Participatory Access to Land and Securing Property Rights for Rural Farmers

7 Policy Decentralizing land titling and collection and management of cadastral data to the Regional Governments

8 Policy Background 1969: Peruvian Agrarian Reform initiated 90% of all agricultural land are owned by 5% of land owners 1990: Government of Peru initiates a series of policy reforms to generate a rural land market, attract agricultural investment and permit the buying and selling of rural land Rural Poverty Rate 73% 1991: approximately 3,650,000 rural properties 83% of which lack a registered land title 1993: Government of Peru initiates the Special Land Titling Project Proyecto Especial de Titulación de Tierra (PETT) under the Ministry of Agriculture : Land Titling and Registration Project (PTRT) US$36.5million

9 Policy Background : Land Titling and Registration Project II (PTRT2)US$46.7million Rural Poverty Rate 59% 2008: Fusion of PETT with the Commission for Formalization of Informal Property under the Ministry of Housing (COFOPRI) and focus turns primarily to titling of peri-urban lots 2012: Authority for titling of rural lands is shifted to the Regional Governments (GORES) 2014: Land Titling and Registration Project III (PTRT3) US$80.0million (Dec. 2014) Rural Poverty Rate 20%

10 Geographic focus of the Cadaster and Land Titling Effort PTRT1: Coastal Zone (la costa) primarily 17 agricultural valleys from Tumbes in the north to Tacna in the south. Characterized by medium sized commercial farms and farming cooperatives. PTRT2: Mountain Zone (la sierra) primarily in the northern and central areas of the mountain zone with limited pilot tests in the rain forest zone (la selva). Characterized by many small farms and farming communities (comunidades campesinas). PTRT3: Mountain and Rain Forest Zone (la selva) primarily the southern mountain zone and the northern rain forest zone. Characterized by very small farms (poverty areas) and large holdings with competing pressure on land from gas, mining and forestry concessions in the rain forest.

11 Resultados de las Operaciones PTRT1 & 2, COFOPRI y los Gobiernos Regionales por Departamento entre 1996 y 2011 Departamento Catastrados Titulados Diferencia % Results of Cadaster and Titling Efforts 1996 to 2011 PETT, COFOPRI and GORES Amazonas 52,905 29,974 22, % Ancash 418, ,128 85, % Apurímac 98,049 71,387 26, % Arequipa 126,805 79,972 46, % Ayacucho 146, ,810 30, % Cajamarca 588, , , % Cusco 112,833 69,287 43, % Huancavelica 30,906 20,167 10, % Huánuco 68,117 42,503 25, % Ica 57,064 34,107 22, % Junín 121,033 75,025 46, % La Libertad 259, ,972 75, % Lambayeque 82,831 51,971 30, % Lima 88,144 22,315 65, % Loreto 31,698 24,534 7, % Madre de Dios 8,648 8, % Moquegua 35,914 31,169 4, % Pasco 20,509 18,011 2, % Piura 192, ,715 66, % Puno 224, ,753 79, % San Martin 88,883 76,239 12, % Tacna 28,487 12,015 16, % Tumbes 15,169 8,980 6, % Ucayali 19,767 18,753 1, % TOTAL 2,917,616 2,000, , %

12 Policy Results and Resulting Problems Results: Between roughly 1997 and ,000,000 parcels of land surveyed (cadastred) using traditional survey methodology (total stations, tape and compass), orthophoto interpretation with field verification and field-based GPS survey with post-processing. 2,000,000 parcels (saneados) adjudicated, title issued and registerd in the land registry Considered a major success in formalizing rural property rights in the Latin American region. Trained and employed hundreds of technicians (brigadas) throughout Peru. Developed and implemented a massive, systematic and integrated field-based parcel survey and land tenure data collection methodology that has been replicated throughout the world (el barrido catastral)

13 Policy Results and Resulting Problems Problems: Approximately 900,000 parcels not completed roughly 250,000 in litigation or other factor precluding the titling, approximately 650,000 left in process (rezagados left-overs ) No consistent and effective policy or comprehensive operational effort to ensure the cadaster and registry remains maintained/updated Individual property owners are responsible for registering changes in physical description of the parcel and/or ownership. Majority do not register subsequent transactions or property subdivisions due to the high cost of the survey and registration. Over the years the cadastre and registry have become outdated

14 Current Challenge PTRT3 will survey an additional 470,000 parcels and register 376,000 parcels of these will require reinitiating the barrido cadastral on a massive scale and the hiring of brigadas for field data collection and office data processing in the geographic areas selected for the project At the same time, the cadaster in the coastal and northern mountain zones is in need of updating and 650,000 parcel files have to be processed to the applicable conclusion An analysis conducted in February 2014 revealed that the government s only identified approach to addressing the challenges was to re-do the work An innovative, effective and appropriate method, combining modern aerial mapping technology and community participation, needs to be developed and tested as an alternative to ground-based resurvey of parcels.

15 Proposed Approach The Land Alliance (USA), Geo Systems (Peru) and Thomson Reuters (Bolivia) are currently working with the regional governments of Trujillo and Ayacucho to develop and test a UAV and spatially-enable land tenure software-based methodology Participatory Electronic Formalization (eformalizcion participativa) Geo Systems (Peru) provides the Trimble geodetic control and UAV equipment, geodetic and photogrammetric software and technology assistance Thomson Reuters (Bolivia) provides the geospatially-enabled software to conduct a rapid inventory of de-facto land tenure information The Land Alliance (USA) provides the overall methodological land tenure and administration orientation, the community interaction and local government involvement aspects

16 UAV-based Participatory Electronic-Formalization (e-formalización participativa )

17 Next Steps The Technological Track of the methodology has now been developed and tested in the field the community and local government aspects will be developed and tested in two communities (La Libertad and Ayacucho) in early 2015 The technical rigor of the UAV imagery, ground control and orthophoto process will be assessed by a 3 rd -party expert (end of 2014) Presentation of the full methodology and test results delivered to the Peruvian Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Governments (early 2015) Roll-out of the methodology is expected during the implementation of the PTRT3 (mid-2015)

18 Technology Utilizing new technology to address land challenges more efficiently and effectively

19 Trimble UX5 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technicians, UAV, software and data processing provided by GEO SYSTEMS S.A.C Lima, Peru

20 General Objective of the Test Complete a prototype geo-referenced aerial survey and produce a precise orthophoto map of a previously determined work zone using the Trimble Gatewing UX5 unmanned aerial vehicle. The test will determine the feasibility of the UAV solution for collecting updated air photos to identify the geographic limits of the boundaries of land parcels in rural Peru. The images and geodatabase of land parcels are intended to serve as the base to update the rural cadastre and to provide required information to complete the titling of land parcels in the selected community. If proven feasible, the methodology is expected to be scaled to address the need of updating the cadastral maps of approximately 650,000 parcels of land which were completed at distinct periods of time, and are still in the technical and legal process of land titling

21 Conditions Required A specific geographic area that contains rural land parcels that have been cadastred but have not yet completed the titling process Minimum of 40 parcels and maximum of 70 in order to meet the specifications of the UAV and also to have a manageable number of land holders to work with Environmental and geographic conditions suitable for the takeoff and landing of a fixed-wing UAV Interest of the Regional Government cadastre and titling authorities (La Libertad) Knowledge and permission of the local authorities

22 The Geographic Zone of Viru and the Test Area

23 Geodetic Control in the Test Area Three CORS operated by the National Geographic Institute of Peru (IGN) Trujillo Chimbote Tauca

24 Survey Control at Viru

25 Orthophoto Ground Control in Test Area

26 Precision Expected in Test Area

27 Calculation of Ground Control RTX and Post-processing

28 UAV Launch at Viru in the Province of La Libertad in Northwestern Peru

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32 UAV Landing at Viru in the Province of La Libertad in Northwestern Peru

33 UAV-based Participatory Electronic-Formalization (e-formalización participativa )

34 Community Participatory Access to Land and Securing Property Rights for Rural Farmers

35 Existing Parcel Database from Previous Survey Completed in 2001

36 Existing Parcel Database Superimposed on UAV Orthophoto

37 Example of Difference between old parcel limits and Parcel Corners Identified by Land Holders

38 Orthophotomap UAV of Quinua in Ayacucho

39 Boundaries of Individual Parcels were Marked with Lime on the Ground Prior to Capturing the UAV Imagery

40 Boundaries of Individual Parcels were Digitized from the Ortophoto

41 Parcel Boundaries from the previous survey superimposed on the Orthophoto

42 Boundaries of Individual Parcels Superimposed on the Orthophoto

43 Boundaries of Individual Parcels Superimposed on Air Photography from 1997

44 Database of Land Holders and Status of Parcels from previous survey c_idpredio departamen provincia estado expediente tipo_prop acto fecha_modif tipo_calificacion estadoprop proy_ejec n_area n_perimetro n_cen_este n_cen_norte c_apemat c_nombres dsexo LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT CARDENAS MARCIAL MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT DE LA CRUZ ZELMIRA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT GARCIA ENRIQUE MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT DE PAREDES SEGUNDA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 04-May-10 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT PAREDES TEOFILA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 04-May-10 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT FERNANDEZ MARILU JOHANY FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 04-May-10 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT BALTAZAR ALEJANDRO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 04-May-10 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT NIEVES EULOGIO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 04-May-10 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT VILCA MARIA AUREA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT GARCIA CAMILO LELIS MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT DE POLO ELVIA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 16-Jan-08 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT VELASQUEZ JOSEFA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 16-Jan-08 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT CERNA HUMBERTO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 03-Aug-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT VELASQUEZ JOSEFA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 03-Aug-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT CERNA HUMBERTO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT ALVARADO TOMAS MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT CARDENAS MARCIAL MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT DE LA CRUZ ZELMIRA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU EN PROCESO (CONFORMACIÓN DE EXPEDIENTE) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT LEON FELIPE MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT SILVESTRE OSWALDO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT VERGARA NICOLASA AGUEDITA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT RODRIGUEZ JOSE NICANOR MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT RAVINES COSME MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT QUIROZ MERCEDES LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT AVILA ELIA CONSUELO FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT DE RIOS AUREA NELA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT RAVINES SEGUNDO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT ZAVALETA VICTOR MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT AVALOS OSCAR ANTONIO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 22-Nov-05 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT DE GUTIERREZ ELIA CONSUELO FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT SALVADOR JULIO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU EN PROCESO (CONFORMACIÓN DE EXPEDIENTE) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT PINEDO SEGUNDO ROBERTO MASCULINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU EN PROCESO (CONFORMACIÓN DE EXPEDIENTE) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA NO INSCRITO PTRT DE LUJAN CRISTINA FEMENINO LA LIBERTAD VIRU COMPLETO (APTO PARA LA PRESENTACIÓN A SUNARP) PARTICULAR SIN PROCEDIMIENTO 17-Dec-02 00:00:00 CONTINGENCIA INSCRITO PTRT OLIVARES APOLONIO MASCULINO

45 Next Steps Superimpose the parcel limits from the UAV survey and the previous survey on the orthophoto Identify/locate the differences in parcel boundaries Identify land holders of the parcels and link parcels with the land holder data from the previous survey Convene the land holders to review the imagery, compare the old and new parcel boundaries, update land holder data base Reach consensus amoung the landholders, prepare final maps and database Present updated information to the regional government for update of the cadaster and finalization of the titling an registration process.

46 THANK YOU GRACIAS Questions - Preguntas Kevin Barthel kbarthel@landallianceinc.org Ruddy Rezza Geo Systems rrezza@gmail.com