The main concepts for object approaches and UML

Transcription

1 The main concepts for object approaches and UML Part 2 : The dynamical models UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 1 The dynamical models To understand and describe the behaviours of the objects and their interactions Three types of representations State chart diagrams (internal dynamics) Activity diagrams (intra and inter object dynamics) Interaction diagrams (interaction dynamics) Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 2

2 Content State chart diagrams Activity diagrams Interaction diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams Conclusion UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 3 Content State chart diagrams Activity diagrams Interaction diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams Conclusion UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 4

3 State chart diagrams Objective : To describe the life cycle of an object Elements : State of an object Values of its attributes and links An object change its state over time Transition Events (action of an object onto another) Guard (conditions) Actions UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 5 State chart diagrams A Un state état Initial Etat initial state Transitions Transitions Etat Final final state A transition is due to an event State 1 do : Activity 1 Event 1 [Cond1] / Action1 stimulus State 2 faire : Activity 2 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 6

4 Examples Heater State : stop T < 15 C State : heat Life cycle work change changement de travail hire embauche en formation formation reconversion conversion hire embauche actif active licenciem ent chomeur fire unemployed age limit limite d'âge age limit limite d'âge retraite retired UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 7 Example: plot UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 8

5 The actions For the transitions State A Event( arg1,... )[ condition ] / link.sendevent(arg1,...) State B For the states UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem 9 Super states États d un feu tricolore Etats d une machine à laver UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem10

6 Parallelism T and U in parallel Event E1 dispatched to T and U S U X T V E3 E1 E2 Y E4[ in Z ] W E1 Z UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem11 Content State chart diagrams Activity diagrams Interaction diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams Conclusion UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem12

7 Activity diagrams Objective: To describe the activities and their ordering Can be used for the internal behaviour of an object the concrete functioning of a behaviour the control ordering between activities spread among a set of objects UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem13 Activity diagrams the elements Activities activity Od Order between activities iti En fait ces diagrammes peuvent être vus comme une forme simplifiée des diagrammes d'états - transitions state1 activity event Initial and final pseudo activities Decision and synchronisation points Object flows (petri nets, etc.) state2 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem14

8 Notations An activity is an action An Un activity état Initial Etat initial time Transitions Transitions Etat final Final time A link is a sequencing of activities UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem15 Activity diagram: life cycle naître croître se reproduire mourir UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem16

9 Other notations activ-1 activ-2 decision point activ-3 [ condition-1 ] [ condition-2 ] activ-4 activ-5 activ-6 activ-7 synchronisation points activ-8 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem17 The swimlanes NewSwimlane Ne wswim lane2 NewSwimlane3 activ-1 activ-2 activ-3 [ condition-1 ] [ condition-2 ] activ-4 QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (LZW) sont requis pour visionner cette image. activ-5 activ-6 activ-7 activ-8 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem18

10 Example: farmer activities UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem19 Content State chart diagrams Activity diagrams Interaction diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams Conclusion UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem20

11 Sequence diagrams :A M1 :B :C M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem21 Collaboration diagrams :A 1: M1 :B 4: M4 2: M2 5: M5 :C 6: M6 message 3: M3 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem22

12 Sequence diagrams The life line «create» Creation by an external object :C1 op Activation of an object Receiving the event «op» «destroy» Deletion by an external object UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem23 Sequence diagrams Interaction types synchronous: asynchronous: reflexive: constructive: :Ca destructive: alternative: [X]mess. [non X]mess. loops: *[X]mess. UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem24

13 Content State chart diagrams Activity diagrams Interaction diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams Conclusion UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem25 UML: Conclusion A tool for dialog : A language to represent models Graphical and simple Formal and nomalized (OMG) An open tool Independent of the implementation It is a language, not a process Adaptable (stereotypes) UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem26

14 UML books (1) Booch Grady, Rumbaugh James, and Jacobson Ivar, The Unified Modeling Language g User Guide, , Addison Wesley, Fall 1998, Jacobson Ivar, Booch Grady and Rumbaugh James, The Unified Software Development Process, , Addison Wesley, Fall 1998, Rumbaugh James, Jacobson Ivar, and Booch Grady, The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual, X, Addison Wesley, Fall 1998 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem27 UML books (2) Conallen Jim, Concevoir des applications Web avec UML, Eyrolles, Douglass Bruce Powell, Doing Hard Time : Developping Real-Time Systems with UML, Addison Wesley, Eriksson, UML Toolkit, Wiley, 1997 Fowler Martin, UML Distilled, Applying the Standard Object Modeling Language Addison Wesley, 1997 Kettany Net al, De Merise à UML,Eyrolles, 1998 Larman Craig, Applying UML and Patterns,Prentice Hall, 1998 Lee R, Tepfenhart W, UML et C++, Simon et Schuste, 1998 Lopez N, Intégrer UML dans vos projets, Eyrolles, 1997 Muller Pierre-Alain, Modélisation objet avec UML, Eyrolles, 1997 Roques Pascal, Vallée Franck, UML en action, Eyrolles, Roques Pascal, UML par la pratique, Eyrolles, Schmuller Joseph, Teach Yourself UML in 24 Hours, Sams Publishing, 1999 Texel Williams, Uses cases combined with Booch/OMT/UML, Prentice Hall, 1998 UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem28