Hydrogen Safety Rosenholm

Transcription

1 Hydrogen Safety Rosenholm PRESENTATION April 2014 l HRS Activity

2 Our history 1902: Georges Claude separates the air into its consistents by liquefaction. Air Liquide is founded. 1906: Hede Nielsen in Denmark is founded. 1910: A/S Dansk Ilt- & Brintfabrik is founded. 1912: C.G. Faxe later Alfax AB is founded in Sweden. 1972: Alfax AB in Sweden 100% owned by Air Liquide. 1992: Hede Nielsen 43% owned by Air Liquide. 1993: Oy Polargas AB in Finland 70% owned by Air Liquide. Alfax AB becomes Air Liquide Gas AB. 1997: Air Liquide Norway is founded. 1999: Air Liquide Scandinavia is created. 2001: Hede Nielsen 100% owned by Air Liquide. 2003: Hede Nielsen becomes Air Liquide Danmark A/S. 2003: Oy Polargas AB 100% owned by Air Liquide. 2005: Air Liquide Nordic Region is created. 2009: Oy Polargas AB changes name to Air Liquide Finland Oy. 2 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 5/1/2014 ALH2E 2012

3 Air Liquide Our activities 3 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 00/00/2013 Doc title

4 Air Liquide Our activities 4 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 00/00/2013 Doc title

5 Air Liquide: HRS implantation all over the world Forklifts Bus Cars Cars/Bus 5 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 00/00/2013 Doc title

6 HRS built and commissioned HRS Forklifts Vatry January 2012 HRS Bus 200 kg/day Zurich April 2012 HRS for cars 100 kg/day Düsseldorf June 2012 HRS Bus 200 kg/day Oslo May 2012 Forklift Ikea France 2014 HRS 20 kg/day Slovenia 2013 Mobile HRS for cars 350 bar 20 kg/day Slovenia Sept Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 00/00/2013 Doc title

7 How to transition towards a new energy mix? Air Liquide s Blue Hydrogen initiative At least 50% of hydrogen energy produced through carbon-free processes by 2020 Renewable energy sources, water electrolysis and biogas reforming, Carbon capture and storage technologies with natural gas reforming A commitment to meet both environmental requirements and social and economic constraints. 7 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 00/00/2013 Doc title

8 Hydrogen safety Basics

9 Hydrogen properties Hydrogen is an ultra-light gas that occupies a substantial volume under standard conditions of pressure, i.e., atmospheric pressure. In order to store and transport hydrogen efficiently, this volume must be significantly reduced. Hydrogen is the lightest gas in the entire Universe. One liter of this gas weighs only 90 mg under normal atmospheric pressure, which means that it is 11 times lighter than the air we breathe. A volume of around 11 m 3 (which is the volume of the trunk of a large utility or commercial vehicle) is needed to store just 1 kg of hydrogen, which is the quantity needed to drive 100 km. For this reason, its density must be increased using one of the following techniques: High-pressure storage in the gaseous form Very low temperature storage in the liquid form Hydride-based storage in the solid form 9 00/00/2013 Doc title Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

10 HYDROGEN Physical Properties: Gas at atmospheric temperature and pressure Extremely flammable Colorless Odorless Tasteless Hydrogen gas burns with a pale blue color (almost invisible) Low temperature of liquid hydrogen can solidify any gas even nitrogen, but except helium 10 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

11 HYDROGEN FLAMMABILITY Hydrogen Fires: Hydrogen fire is not directly visible Hydrogen flame is difficult to extinguish and fire easily restart in air due to heat An hydrogen vent may form a pocket, which can easily and suddenly ignite in air 11 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

12 Hydrogen flame A hydrogen flame is long and narrow Open valve of a 200 b cylinder: Flame can be about 5m long Tube trailer with pressure relief device: flame m high 12 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 12

13 Accident on an H2 buffer storage To install a strainer, the worker had to dismantle a flange The operator decreased the pressure from 15 bars to 0,5 bar During the dismantling of the flange the leak took fire The worker had his face burnt The buffer had not been not inerted with nitrogen 13 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 13

14 HYDROGEN Incidents: In April 2001, in Sweden, maintenance works were foreseen on an H2 pipe. The valve was closed and the bolts of the flanged were unscrewed. H2 escaped from the pipe and accumulated in the building, an explosion resulted, 2 workers suffered burns and the building was destroyed. The isolating valve was leaking, the other side of the pipe being in H2 service at 6bar. 14 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

15 FLAMMABILITY OF HYDROGEN Safety Precautions: Eliminate ignition sources NO SMOKING! NO OPEN FLAMES! Use only non-sparking tools No synthetic clothing (nylon, etc.) Define H2 hazard zone, where special electrical equipment is mandatory Avoid H2 accumulation: ventilate enclosed areas at the top Bond flanges to insure electrical continuity Ground all equipment, trailers and bundles Install lightning protection 15 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

16 Safety HRS Rosenholm

17 HRS Safety Dangerous elements Hydrogen in atmosphere Oxygen in atmosphere Nitrogen in atmosphere Air in hydrogen circuit Excessive pressure Excessive temperatures Chemicals Electricity Fire Break-Away of hose Ect. Safety philosophy The HRS must be build to a standard that eliminates the possibility of an undesired event. It is not acceptable - or possible - to construct an HRS so that it must contains an undesired event, the aim must be to eliminate the possibility /00/2012 Doc title Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 1

18 HRS Safety Hydrogen detector Flame detector 18 00/00/2012 Doc title Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 1

19 HRS Safety 19 00/00/2012 Doc title Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 1

20 Contingency plan 20 00/00/2012 Doc title Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 2

21 End of presentation Thank you for your attention Visit us