Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David. HSDPA for UMTS. Stephan Sigg
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1 Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David HSDPA for UMTS Stephan Sigg
2 Gliederung HSDPA Concepts HSDPA Control Channels HSUPA Fast Scheduling in HSDPA
3 Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David HSDPA for UMTS Stephan Sigg
4 Gliederung Packet transmission in UMTS Rel. 99 Logical Channels Packet transmission with HSDPA HSDPA Concepts
5 Channel characteristics DCH DSCH FACH Service Any Data User data possible Power control Fast Fast Slow Soft handover Yes No No Multicode operation Amount of data Bursty data No Large No Codespace reserved for theor. max. datarate Yes Large Yes High peak data rates but low activity No Small Yes Mapped to same physical channel as PCH Page 5
6 E b Page 6
7 E b Page 7
8 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 8
9 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 9
10 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 10
11 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 11
12 New HSDPA Channels HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel) Fixed SF 16 ( multicode op. + code multipl.) AMC (16QAM/QPSK, turbo coding ) improved phase estimation and amplitude estimation necessary TTI: 2ms HS-DPCCH (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel) Uplink Channel HS-SCCH (High Speed Shared Control Channel) (High Speed Shared Control Channel) used for physical layer control information Page 12
13 Gain by use of multicode operation (Fixed SF 16) [1] Codes 1 code 5 codes 15 codes QPSK, rate ¼ 120 kbps 600 kbps 1,8 Mbps QPSK, rate ½ 240 kbps 1,2 Mbps 3,6 Mbps QPSK, rate ¾ 360 kbps 1,8 Mbps 5,3 Mbps 16 QAM, rate ½ 16 QAM, rate ¾ 480 kbps 720 kbps 2,4 Mbps 3,6 Mbps 7,2 Mbps 10,7 Mbps Page 13
14 Gain by use of multicode operation (Fixed SF 16) [1] Codes 1 code 5 codes 15 codes QPSK, rate ¼ 120 kbps 600 kbps 1,8 Mbps QPSK, rate ½ 240 kbps 1,2 Mbps 3,6 Mbps QPSK, rate ¾ 360 kbps 1,8 Mbps 5,3 Mbps 16 QAM, rate ½ 16 QAM, rate ¾ 480 kbps 720 kbps 2,4 Mbps 3,6 Mbps 7,2 Mbps 10,7 Mbps Page 14
15 Quelle: WCDMA for UMTS, Harri Holma and Antti Toskala[1] Page 15
16 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 16
17 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B fast link adaptation, transmission combining Page 17
18 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B Page 18 Measurement of Channel quality (ACK/NACK, QoS,...) Scheduling decisions flow control in Iub Fast scheduling fast link adaptation, transmission combining
19 Page 19 Quelle: WCDMA for UMTS, Harri Holma and Antti Toskala [1]
20 MAC-hs New MAC sub layer allows for easier compatibility to previous specifications MAC-hs located in Node B Handling of HARQ (fast retransmissions) RNC still retains Release 4 MAC functionalities (from [1])
21 Fast scheduling Scheduler prefers users with good conditions Better performance than round-robin Gain due to multi-user diversity Decision is taken for each TTI (from [6])
22 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B UE constantly checks rel. power level (DSCH to pilot) no fast power control Page 22
23 HSDPA concepts HARQ (FEC + ARQ) AMC (turbo coding, QPSK/16QAM) New HSDPA Channels New functionality in Node B UE constantly checks rel. power level (DSCH to pilot) no fast power control Page 23
24 Summary Page 24
25 Gliederung HSDPA Concepts HSDPA Control Channels HSUPA SIR Scheduling
26 Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David HSDPA Control Channels Stephan Sigg
27 New HSDPA Channels HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel) Fixed SF 16 ( multicode op. + code multipl.) AMC (16QAM/QPSK, turbo coding ) improved phase estimation and amplitude estimation necessary TTI: 2ms HS-SCCH (High Speed Shared Control Channel) used for physical layer control information HS-DPCCH (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel) (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel) Uplink Channel Page 27
28 HS-SCCH - Downlink TTI: 2ms -> 3 timeslots 1st Timeslot:» Demodulation information» Codes to despread 2-3rd Timeslot:» CRC-Information» HARQ Process info» First transmission or retransmission? Terminal specific masking SF 128 (40 bits per timeslot) ½ rate convolutional coding (separate per part) Page 28
29 HS-SCCH and HS-DSCH timing relationship Page 29
30 New HSDPA Channels HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel) Fixed SF 16 ( multicode op. + code multipl.) AMC (16QAM/QPSK, turbo coding ) improved phase estimation and amplitude estimation necessary TTI: 2ms HS-SCCH (High Speed Shared Control Channel) used for physical layer control information HS-DPCCH (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel) (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel) Uplink Channel Page 30
31 HS-DPCCH - Uplink Two parts 1st part:» ACK/NACK for physical layer retransmissions 2nd part:» CQI Feedback Page 31
32 Terminal timing with respect to one HARQ process Page 32
33 Gliederung HSDPA Concepts HSDPA Control Channels HSUPA SIR Scheduling
34 Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David HSUPA for UMTS Rel. 6 Enhanced Uplink DCH Stephan Sigg
35 Enhanced Uplink DCH Promise: 5,4 Mbps in Uplink direction AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup
36 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup
37 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup
38 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup HARQ Node B asks UE to retransmit New Mac-e layer necessary Node B controlled HARQ Increased system capacity higher tolerable Error prob. of physical channel
39 Enhanced Uplink DCH HARQ Incorrectly received packet Correctly received packet NACK ACK Quelle: Advanced Topics in Radio Network Planning, TUT
40 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup Short TTI 2 ms or 10 ms? (in discussion) delay reduction shortened RTT for HARQ increased throughput
41 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup Node B scheduling TFCs from which UE chooses various scheduling schemes are in discussion
42 Different Sets of Transport Format Combinations Quelle: 3GPP TR [7]
43 Enhanced Uplink DCH fast scheduling R 99 UL DCH R 6 UL E-DCH Traffic volume measurements / TFC control Data transmission Scheduling info / scheduling assignment Data transmission Quelle: Advanced Topics in Radio Network Planning, TUT
44 Enhanced Uplink DCH fast HARQ R 99 UL DCH R 6 UL E-DCH Correctly received packet Packet Combining of packets Packet RLC ACK/NACK L1 ACK/NACK Quelle: Advanced Topics in Radio Network Planning, TUT
45 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup Node B scheduling TFCs from which UE chooses various scheduling schemes are in discussion
46 Enhanced Uplink DCH AMC HARQ Short TTI Node B scheduling Fast DCH setup Fast DCH setup Reducing synchronization time
47 Uplink/Downlink Synchronization (up to Rel. 5) Quelle: 3GPP TR [7]
48 Enhanced Uplink/Downlink Synchronization (Rel. 6) Quelle: 3GPP TR [7]
49 Summary
50 Gliederung HSDPA Concepts HSDPA Control Channels HSUPA SIR Scheduling
51 Fachgebiet für Kommunikationstechnik Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus David Analysis of a Scheduling Algorithm SIR-Scheduling Stephan Sigg
52 Overview The SIR-Scheduling Algorithm Definition of a scheduling problem How to improve the algorithm How to use with MxRRM
53 SIR-Scheduling Algorithm PS scheduling algorithm Simple scheduling scheme: Schedule packets with best SIR first The algorithm in Literature Outperforms PF- and RR-Scheduler [2] Best overall PS-Throughput but unfair [3] Optimal when improved by QoS-awareness [5] SIR not optimal in worst case scenario [4] Page 53
54 Introducing the Model to analyse Preliminary Assumptions Fixed Parameters Only one code per user No QoS [5] Spreading Factor Amount of free resources SIR per packet session Amount of user data per request Datarate Variable Parameters Power level Time E b Page 54
55 Page 55
56 Improving the Model Updated Assumptions Fixed Parameters Only one code per user No QoS [5] Spreading Factor Amount of free resources SIR per packet session Amount of user data per request Variable Parameters Powerlevel E b Datarate Channel coding Channel modulation Time Page 56
57 Page 57
58 A scheduling problem c i < i d > Page 58
59 Concrete modelling min w i c i j ij Page 59
60 Assertion: The Algorithm that schedules the packet with the minimum first will solve the Optimization criteria in a optimum way. di w i Proof (by contradiction) Assumption There is a problem instance where the optimal schedule violates the assertion. d < w i j but d scheduled in advance of i d w j j di d i d j Page 60 d j di
61 Page 61 Proof Proof (continued ) j j i i i j j i i i i j j j j j j i i i i i j j j j j i i i j j i i w d w d w d w d w d w d w d w d w d w d w d d w d w d d w d w d w d > > + + > > + + < ) ( ) ( d i d i d j d j
62 Conclusion It is beneficial to schedule short packets first This is exactly what the SIR-Scheduler does Page 62
63 How to improve the algorithm We have assumed that the amount of delivered data is the same for all users It would be beneficial to know in advance the amount of data to be delivered. Proposition Categorize users according to their habits Introduce storage somewhere in the system to record user habits Page 63
64 Further improving the Model Updated Assumptions Fixed Parameters Only one code per user No QoS [5] Spreading Factor Amount of free resources SIR per packet session Variable Parameters Powerlevel E b Datarate Channel coding Channel modulation Time Amount of user data per request Page 64
65 How to introduce into MxRRM Move scheduling decision to MxRRM Introduce GSM and UMTS models Combine both models by weighting Page 65
66 Introduce GSM model Page 66
67 Combining both models by weighting Page 67
68 Summary We have introduced a fast and popular packet scheduling algorithm Including the algorithm into the simulator will hopefully improve system performance We have even learned a way to further improve the algorithm Page 68
69 Literature [1] Harry Holma and Antti Toskala; WCDMA for UMTS, volume 2. John Wiley and Sons, [2] H. van den Berg, R. Litjens and J. Lavermann; HSDPA Flow Level Performance: The impact of Key System and Traffic Aspects, Hans van den Berg, Remco Litjens, Joost Lavermann, MSWiM 04 [3] 3GPP TR v4.0.0; Physical layer aspects of UTRA High Speed Downlink Packet Access (Release 4) [4] Sem Borst; User-Level Performance of Channel-Aware Scheduling Algorithms in Wireless Data Networks, IEEE INFOCOM 2003 [5] M. Andrews, K. Kumaran, K. Ramanan, A. Stolyar, R. Vijayakumar and P. Whiting, CDMA Data QoS Scheduling on the Forward Link with Variable Channel Conditions, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies [6] Whitepaper WCDMA evolved, the first step - HSDPA, Ericsson, Uen Rev A, May 2004 [7] 3GPP TR v6.0.0; Feasibility Study for Enhanced Uplink for UTRA FDD (Release 6) Page 69
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