Detailing and Sustainability in Scandinavian Architecture

Transcription

1 Faculty: Course Assistant: Angela Gigliotti (AG) Kate Johnston (KJO) Location: V5-11 Meeting Time: Thursdays, 10:05-13:00 Related Disciplines: Architecture, Design, Interior Architecture Course Description This course focuses on the translation of conceptual design intent into built work. The content of the course is placed within a Scandinavian context of detailing and sustainability and the focus will be on the design process and implications of detailing for the work as a whole. Case study analysis and detailing of your own studio projects will be combined with lectures and field studies to prominent examples in Copenhagen with the aim to publish them and to be relevant part of students portfolio. A. Jespersen & Søn Offices Building AJ MANUAL by Kirill Volchinskiy and Hana Lemseffer / Cal Poly Pomona / SP16 The course will present the concept of detailing, including materiality and making, as an integral part of the entire design process as opposed to an activity reserved for the final project phases; in this frame a focus will be made on the sustainable detailing, as a key strategy to build conscious living environment. Co-requisite Simultaneous enrollment in a studio core course at DIS, in the disciplines of Architecture or Urban Design, at the professional track or foundation level. Learning Objectives To gain an awareness of the process of translating conceptual design intent into built work. To develop an appreciation of detailing as an activity that informs the entire design process and not only the final stages. To achieve a basic understanding of sustainable issues and strategies in Scandinavia related to prominent detail solutions To work in a team within a collective publication both for personal portfolio and book To achieve an understanding of the evolution of the detail representation from an analogic to a digital transmission of knowledge To develop and practice methods of drawings and representation in order to learn how to communicate projects and spread ideas to a wider audience of experts and not. Textbooks The following books will be on reserve at the DIS Library: Frampton, K., Studies in Tectonic Culture: The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Architecture, MIT Press edition Beim, A., Tectonic Visions in Architecture, Kunstakademiets Arkitektskole 2004 Ford, E., The details of modern architecture, MIT Press 1990 Ford, E., The details of modern architecture, volume 2: 1928 to 1988, MIT Press 1996 Ford, E., The Architectural Detail, Princeton Architectural Press, 2011 National Bank of Denmark AJ MANUAL by Zackary Green / Cal Poly Pomona and Eun Cho / Maryland Institute College of Art / SP16 Course Readings In addition to the following articles, pertinent readings will be uploaded to DIS Canvas during the semester. Instructions and Manuals published in Abitare Magazine ( / ) Foresturbia: A manual for a landscaped city - U67 (Fabio Gigone, Angela Gigliotti) and Ludovico Centis,

2 Course Details Detailing the art of making An architectural concept inherently contains the intention to make something. Making architecture involves joining elements together into a meaningful whole. These joints are details and can be thought of as the transformation of the architectural concept into built work. Without details the architectural concept remains an abstract thought, which does not fully enter the realm of architecture (making). The details are likewise dependent upon the concept, which without they would be a meaningless collection of technical solutions. As in any transformation process, new information and ideas will emerge during the process that may call for an adjustment or revision of the original concept. Detailing is therefore not only the pure implementation/execution of an idea, but an integral part of the entire design process. Within this frame sustainability forces architects to integrate greener technologies in the building detailing as crucial parts of design considerations and to widen the contextual design approach to surrounding environments. Scandinavian detailing There are certainly universal qualities to the art of making that are shared by any creator of architecture. There must, however, also be particular qualities of making that are characteristic for a given place, time, and culture. This course will focus on detailing in Scandinavia in the modern and contemporary time periods. We will examine conceptual aspects, technical factors, material sensibilities, geography, and sustainability, as they have formed and are manifested in Scandinavian architecture. John Lewis Department Store, FOA Salottobuono in Abitare Magazine 492 pp Representation as a language Starting from the assumption that everything could be represented, the question is understanding how. Technically speaking, a good representation is obtained through what is called Ensuring perception : in other terms we have to ensure that what we show is perceived as we intended. The question to pose to ourselves is who will read our illustrations? Representing architecture (more then other subjects) is probably the most emblematic issue related to the history of representation in general. The architecture has always been both an art (related with aesthetics) and a science (building) and during the time has increasingly boosted its own complexity. That means if we want to keep and describe the inner complexity in architecture (but even for other subjects) we have to use a more abstract approach, asking to the representations to solve the increase of complexity of the concrete phenomenon in front of us. In this context, the Drawing as a tool assumes a central role in the representation: only the translation into a vector graphic helps to look how the architecture works internally, therefore managing the complexity may give it understandable to the readers. Like in every system of communication, even in the graphic representation of architecture the idea of what the information is, remains the first issue to clarify and know. The corresponding ancient greek words were μορφςh and εiδος, form and idea. So in the representation, the information is nothing more than the essence of a content transmitted by a sign or a group of signs. There s a flimsy symbiosis and balance between the signs (here lines, annotations, texts, everything part of the drawing) and their meaning or content: to allow this symbiosis to emerge is the main task for a good work on representation. National Bank of Denmark AJ MANUAL by Zackary Green / Cal Poly Pomona and Eun Cho / Maryland Institute College of Art / SP16 2

3 Learning analogically but represent digitally Another important issue to be conscious of, is the difference between the analogic and digital approach within the visualization and the detailing techniques, inasmuch it has completely changed the learning process in the recent past. The tradition of detailing historically has been related to the ability of an architect to enrich and give a value and a meaning in the architecture itself while today the detailing has the risk to become simply a technological answer and solution to presentational demands. In parallel also the learning processes, particularly in architecture, are influenced by the evolution of the digital media and reflects an indirect transmission of the knowledge: our mind is shaped organizing its capability to learn following the way in which the new media work. During the course the pedagogical approach will take in account how to deal with this transformation (from analogical to digital) to exploit it and make effective its own role without being affected by a loss of learning structure. Contextual Awareness An examination of detailing in a Scandinavian context should generate an awareness of the importance of contextuality for the creation of architecture. In our world where design frequently takes place outside the designer s home context, it is critical to be aware of the phenomenon. It is also important to develop a method of understanding context in order to allow architecture to have meaning universally, as well as to serve a specific place and people. Even the communication is specifically referred and included in a particular cultural and social context, which should be understood in order to sift and evaluate the significance of each piece of information present in a document. Maison de Verre, Pierre Chareau Salottobuono in Abitare Magazine 489 pp Caixaforum, Herzog &De Meuron Salottobuono in Abitare Magazine 481 pp Approach to teaching Learning will happen through a combination of lectures, intensive case study work, student presentations, field study visits and in-class workshops. The goal is to combine objective learning and technical knowledge with reflection on the implications of this knowledge through personal interpretation and dialogue in the classroom. Questions and opinions will always be welcome in order to foster a classroom environment open to discussion and interpretation. The course is organized into modules. The first module presents crucial issues for detailing developed through two dichotomies in the mode of production: casting vs assembling and following this wet vs dry construction systems. A cross-scale approach with Scandinavian and European contemporary case studies will be used. The second module concern to issues concerning sustainable detailing. Detailing will be then contextualized within the architectural production today with a focus on the relation between the current format of architectural practices and the new challenges and new mode of productions. The in-class workshops will be divided in two: the first workshop is divided in three assignments (research, modelling and post-production) and students will analyze some specific prominent buildings of Arne Jacobsen. A field study visit will be organized: a tour in Copenhagen visiting the chosen buildings, encouraging learning by experience with sketching on site. The final outcome of the first three assignments is the post-production of the Arne Jacobsen s case studies in a number of Instructions for Use based on the examples of the ones curated by the Faculty as a column within the Abitare Magazine ( ). Each instruction will show the building using the re-drawings of details with specific methods of representation. The outcome is a collective work made by the students of the course that will constitute part of an ongoing compilation on Scandinavian detailing, developed by the students of the current and future semesters: the aim is to build up a Manual of Instructions for Use, a way to enrich personal and collective knowledge. The second workshop will concentrate on detailing of the students own studio projects with a series of consultation and tutoring about detailing. 3

4 Expectations of the Students Students must be well-prepared for each class and participate actively in discussions. The course often requires reflection on the relationship of solutions to students own design work. The students should be eager to learn how to represent technical detailing solutions but also how to represent their projects in future occasion of dissemination (as portfolio, publications and so on). Students are expected to participate actively in the presentation sessions through constructive criticism and dialog. Field studies Arne Jacobsen tour in Copenhagen to selected prominent buildings that students will analyze and re-design for the Asn A second field study visit will be organized on a building site in progress in Copenhagen. In addition to that two guest lecturing will be held: one related to sustainability and another related to the editorial work behind Magazines of Architecture. Evaluation + Grading Faculty will evaluate students on their ability to understand the technical concepts presented as well as interpret them meaningfully. The execution of case study drawings and interpretations as well as detailing of the students own work are both primary focuses in evaluations. Coherency and precision of in-class presentations of case studies and own studio work will also be taken into account. The Asn are a group work project and the student s ability to contribute to a group effort will be taken into account for the grade. Grades incorporate the following: 20% AJ Manual: Research Analysis (Asn 1) / Each team needs to collect relevant materials about an assigned case study; 20% AJ Manual: Modelling (Asn 2) / Using the materials of the Asn 1 each team will re-elaborate and interpret the cues achieved from the case study preparing a 3d model of the case study; 20% AJ Manual: Post-Production (Asn 3) / Using the materials of the Asn 1-2 and some references from the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use from Abitare ( ), each team need to post-produce drawings and texts in order to compose 2 pages of a magazine; SAS Royal Hotel AJ MANUAL by Barret Kruggel / Cal Poly Pomona and Elizabeth Ewing / Maryland Institute College of Art / SP16 25% Detail of final studio project (Asn 4) / Individually the students are asked to select a specific detail from their studio Asn 2 that they are interested in developing deeper. 15% Participation / Demonstrating active individual participation both in class and on field studies To be eligible for a passing grade in this class you must complete all of the assigned work. 4

5 DIS Architecture + Design CPH Fall 2016 Disability and resource statement Any student who has need for accommodation based on the impact of a disability should contact Sean Green (sgr@dis.dk) to coordinate this. In order to receive accommodations, students should inform the instructor of approved DIS accommodations within the first two weeks of classes. Policies Attendance You are expected to attend all DIS classes when scheduled. If you miss two classes the Director of Academic Support/Registrar, and the Director of Student Affairs will be notified and they will follow-up with you to make sure that all is well. Absences will jeopardize your grade and your standing at DIS. Allowances will be made in cases of illness, but you will need to provide a doctor s note. Rødovre Town Hall AJ MANUAL by Matthew William Ent / U Colorado at Boulder and Siv Lynn DeBoom / Miami University / SP16 Academic Honesty DIS expects that students abide b y the highest standards of intellectual honesty in all academic work. DIS assumes that all students do their own work and credit all work or thought taken from others. Academic dishonesty will result in a final course grade of F and can result in dismissal. The students home universities will be notified. DIS reserves the right to request that written student assignments be turned in electronic form for submission to plagiarism detection software. See the Academic Handbook for more information, or ask your instructor if you have questions. Electronic Devices Electronic devices are only permitted in class and on field studies when directly related to in-class exercises. Student work DIS has the right to use any student project whether it be for display, archive, documentation or any other educational purpose. In addition, DIS reserves the right to reproduce and publish images of any such student work in collegiate publications, printed or electronic, for the purposes of teaching, publicity and outreach. A. Jespersen & Søn Offices Building AJ MANUAL by Kirill Volchinskiy and Hana Lemseffer / Cal Poly Pomona / SP16 5

6 Day Date Session Time Topic Th Aug :05-13:00 INTRODUCTION Introduction and review of course objectives, structure, grading and students levels and expectations. 5 Topics x 4 scales: 20 case studies to introduce details and building materials in a cross-scale approach within Scandinavian Architecture. Tectonics in Architecture in Tectonics Visions in Architecture by Anne Beim pp and Ideal Visions pp W/ AJ MANUAL Presentation of the Arne Jacobsen: Manual publication and the works of the DIS former students. Th Sep :05-13:00 WHAT IS A DETAIL? Analyses of the meaning of detail within the design process in relation with the others design s phases. Presentation of several definition according to recent architecture history and cultural environment. The Architectural Detail, Princeton Architectural Press, Edward Ford pp and pp W/ ASSIGNMENT (ASN 1-2-3) Introduction of the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use published on Abitare Magazine ( ). Assignment and Introduction of the Arne Jacobsen projects for each Teams. Objectives and Structure of the Workshops. We Sep 07 8:30-12:30 FIELD STUDY The Field Study to the Arne Jacobsen projects that the students will analyze in the Workshop. It will offer an occasion to learn from the site and share briefly to the others team which are the relevant architectural details and features that the students are studying for the AJ Manual Th Sep :05-13:00 CASTING vs ASSEMBLING Survey of some cast and assembled materials presented in a crossscale approach using case studies. Required readings: The meaning of concrete The Journal of Architecture vol. 20 n.3 pp Bricks in Uncube Magazine n.35 Abitare 495 pp Detail 2009/10 pp Detail 2000/8 pp Casabella 640/641 W/ RESEARCH TUTORING (ASN 1) Presentation, analysis and discussion of the research phase. Each team need to show the research Drawings and Informations about the assigned Arne Jacobsen projects in order to make a folder with the essential informations about each projects. Sep Core Course Week 6

7 Day Date Session Time Topic Th Sep :05-13:00 DRY vs WET CONTRUCTION SYSTEMS Survey of construction systems, pro and cons of dry and wet presented in a cross-scale approach using some case studies W/ RESEARCH HAND IN (ASN 1) Each team need to show the research Drawings and Informations about the assigned Arne Jacobsen projects in order to make a folder with the essential informations about each projects. (See ASN 1 Description) Th Sep :05-13:00 W/ GRADING & COLLECTIVE DISCUSSION (ASN 1) Collective discussion of the grading of the ASN 1 W/ MODELLING TUTORING (ASN 2) Each team need to use the research phase in order to reproduce the needed Drawings and a 3D Model of the assigned Arne Jacobsen projects as a base for the post-production phase. (See ASN 2 Description) Th Oct :05-13:00 SUSTAINABILITY: OVERVIEW Guest Lecture that will give an overview about the Sustainable approach both in the USA and in Denmark. W/ MODELLING HAND IN (ASN 2) Each team need to use the research phase in order to reproduce the needed Drawings and a 3D Model of the assigned Arne Jacobsen projects as a base for the post-production phase. (See ASN 2 Description) Oct 8-16 AD Long Study Tour Th Oct :05-13:00 W/ GRADING & COLLECTIVE DISCUSSION (ASN 2) Collective discussion of the grading of the ASN 2 W/ POST-PRODUCTION TUTORING (ASN 2) Using some references from the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use published on Abitare Magazine ( ) each team will pick a method of representation useful for their specific aim and assignment and will produce one board for each projects combining text, details and representation. (See ASN 3 Description) We Oct 26 13:00-17:00 FIELD STUDY The Field Study to an ongoing building site in Copenhagen, reflecting on the detailing phase, sustainability process and impact of the project. Th Oct :05-13:00 SUSTAINABILITY: DETAILING DEVICES Introduction of the publication made by the Instructor concerning the urban development of Hovinbyen, Oslo using a green approach and other projects by U67 (the instructor s practice) The manual is a medium for the dissemination not only of a project but of a common shared knowledge about Green Approach according to several scales of intervention and several actors involved in the Design Process. Foresturbia: a manual for a landscaped city W/ POST-PRODUCTION FINAL DRAFT (ASN 3) Using some references from the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use published on Abitare Magazine ( ) each team will pick a method of representation useful for their specific aim and assignment and will produce one board for each projects combining text, details and representation. (See ASN 3 Description) Oct 29- Nov 6 Travel Week 7

8 Day Date Session Time Topic Wed Nov 06 DIGITAL HAND IN ON CANVAS by the 06 Nov at Using some references from the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use published on Abitare Magazine ( ) each team will pick a method of representation useful for their specific aim and assignment and will produce one board for each projects combining text, details and representation. Hand in of the Arne Jacobsen: Instructions for Use. Th Nov :05-13:00 THE MODE OF PRODUCTION OF ARCHITECTS / ARNE JACOBSEN Conclusion of the Workshop Arne Jacobsen: Instructions for Use with a Presentation of the students works and other examples of the works by Arne Jacobsen. 2G Arne Jacobsen 1997/04 Arne Jacobsen: works and projects Ed. Gustavo Gili Arne Jacobsen: Approach to his Complete Works - The Danish Architectural Press ( ) W/ GRADING & COLLECTIVE DISCUSSION (ASN 3) Using some references from the monthly column Manuals and Instructions for use published on Abitare Magazine ( ) each team will pick a method of representation useful for their specific aim and assignment and will produce one board for each projects combining text, details and representation.hand in of the Arne Jacobsen: Instructions for Use (See ASN 3 Description) Th Nov :05-13:00 GUEST: DISSEMINATION OF IDEAS Guest Lecture by Fabio Gigone (Co-Founder of U67) Lecture reviewing the Publication of Book and Magazine (Abitare, Domus Magazine, San Rocco Magazine). The editorial choice of the contents and the role of the representation as a language of communication and of dissemination of ideas, concept and detailing for building site. W/ TUTORING STUDIO DETAILING (ASN 4) Tutoring of students in order to identify specific areas of their project upon which the successful achievement of the conceptual design intentions will be dependent on the detailing and thus where to focus detailing efforts. Nov Travel Week Th Dec :05-13:00 THE MODE OF PRODUCTION OF ARCHITECTS / TODAY Conclusion of the course with a reflection on how the production of architectural practice evolve today and which is the role of architects and the detailing in the current mode of producing architecture. W/ TUTORING STUDIO DETAILING (ASN 4) Tutoring of students in order to identify specific areas of their project upon which the successful achievement of the conceptual design intentions will be dependent on the detailing and thus where to focus detailing efforts. Th Dec 08 DIGITAL HAND IN ON CANVAS by the 8th Dec at Using the know-how of the previous assignments each student will pick a method of representation useful for detailing a specific part of the ASN 2 of the studio projects and will produce one board for each combining text, details and representation. (See ASN 4 Description) Schedule subject to change with as much notice as possible All future edits to the syllabus will be made on Canvas only. 8