Eurooppalainen tekninen hyväksyntä ETA-07/0029 European Technical Approval

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1 VTT EXPERT SERVICES OY PL VTT Tel Rakennusalan tuotteita koskevan jäsenvaltioiden lainsäädännön lähentämisestä 21 päivänä joulukuuta 1988 annetun neuvoston direktiivin 89/106/EEC mukaisesti ilmoitettu tuotehyväksyntälaitos EOTAN JÄSEN Eurooppalainen tekninen hyväksyntä ETA-07/0029 European Technical Approval Kauppanimi: Trade name Hyväksynnän haltija: Holder of approval: Tuotetyyppi ja sen käyttötarkoitus: Generic type and use of construction product: Voimassaoloaika: Validity from/to This version replaces: Tämä korvaa Valmistuspaikka: Manufacturing plants: Kerto Ripa Elements Metsäliitto Cooperative Metsä Wood, Building Products P.O. Box 50 FI Metsä Finland Puuaineinen Kerto ripalaattaelementti rakenteelliseen käyttöön Wood based composite slab element for structural purposes From February 15, 2013 to February 15, 2018 ETA-07/0029 August 31, 2012 to February 28, 2013 According to Annex N kept by VTT Expert Services Ltd Tämä hyväksyntä sisältää This European Technical Approval contains sivuja/liitteitä pages/annexes 24 sivua sisältäen 2 liitettä 24 pages including 2 Annexes Eurooppalainen tekninen hyväksyntäorganisaatio European Organisation for Technical Approvals

2 Page 2 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 I LEGAL BASIS AND GENERAL CONDITIONS 1. This European Technical Approval is issued by VTT Expert Services Ltd in accordance with: Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of Member States relating to construction products 1, modified by Council Directive 93/68/EEC 2 and Regulation (EC) N 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council 3 ; Laki rakennustuotteiden hyväksynnästä (230/2003) luvut 3 ja 10, Ympäristöministeriön asetus rakennustuotteiden hyväksynnästä 3 sekä Ympäristöministeriön antama valtuutuspäätös (YM19/629/2009). Common Procedural Rules for Requesting, Preparing and the Granting of European Technical Approvals set out in the Annex of Commission Decision 94/23/EC 4 ; Guideline Nr 019 for European Technical Approval of Prefabricated wood-based loadbearing stressed skin panels. 2. VTT Expert Services Ltd is authorized to check whether the provisions of this European Technical Approval are met. Checking may take place in the manufacturing plant. Nevertheless, the responsibility for the conformity of the products to the European Technical Approval and for their fitness for the intended use remains with the holder of the European Technical Approval. 3. This European Technical Approval is not to be transferred to manufacturers or agents of manufacturer other than those indicated on page 1, or manufacturing plants other than those indicated on page 1 of this European Technical Approval. 4. This European Technical Approval may be withdrawn by VTT Expert Services Ltd pursuant to information by the Commission according to Article 5(1) of Council Directive 89/106/EEC. 5. Reproduction of this European Technical Approval including transmission by electronic means shall be in full. However, partial reproduction can be made with the written consent of VTT Expert Services Ltd. In this case partial reproduction has to be designated as such. Texts and drawings of advertising brochures shall not contradict or misuse the European Technical Approval. 6. The European Technical Approval is issued by the approval body in English. This version corresponds fully to the version circulated in EOTA. Translations in other languages have to be designated as such. 1 Official Journal of the European Communities N L 40, , p Official Journal of the European Communities N L 220, , p. 1 3 Official Journal of the European Union N º L 284, , p. 1 4 Official Journal of the European Communities Nº L 17, , p. 34

3 Page 3 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 II SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE EUROPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL 1 Definition of product and intended use Kerto Ripa Elements are composite slab elements made of Kerto structural laminated veneer lumber. The adhesive is of type I (full exposure to the weather) as defined in EN 301. Kerto Ripa Elements may contain thermal or acoustic insulation inside the cavities, additional fire protective gypsum plasterboards and roofing. Kerto Ripa element may or may not have a bottom slab. Some materials may be added at the building site to elements without a bottom slab. The materials, dimensions and tolerances are given in Annex 1. Kerto Ripa Elements are intended to be used as structural or non-structural elements in buildings and bridges. Kerto Ripa Elements may function as directly load bearing as well as structural stiffening members. With regard to moisture behaviour of the product, the use is limited to service classes 1 and 2 as defined in Eurocode 5. If Kerto Ripa Elements are intended to be a part of the external envelope of the building, they shall be protected adequately, e.g. by a roof or by cladding. The products are shaped according to the customer's specification. The maximum size of the elements is 25 m x 2.5 m and the height varies from 150 to 1200 mm. Typical lengths are from 4 to 24 m. The panels may have one-sided tapered ribs; maximum taper is 10. Kerto Ripa Elements can be painted or stained. The suitability of the treatment shall be checked with the manufacturer of it. Surface treatments of the elements are not covered by this ETA. The provisions made in this European Technical Approval are based on an assumed intended working life of Kerto Ripa Elements of 50 years 5 2 Characteristics of product and methods of verification ER 1 Mechanical resistance and stability Structural performance The elements are manufactured according to an individual design made on a case by case basis. 6 Kerto Ripa Elements may function as directly load bearing and structural stiffening members. The structural performance of Kerto Ripa Elements is considered in accordance with the limit state design principles specified in Eurocodes and is described in detail in the manufacturer's instructions for design. These methods follow EN In seismic areas the behaviour factor of Kerto Ripa Elements used for the design is limited to non-dissipative or low-dissipative structures (q 1.5), defined according to Eurocode 8 (EN :2004) clauses and b), and applicable national rules on works. 5 This means that it is expected that when this working life has elapsed, the real working life may be, in normal use conditions, considerably longer without major degradation affecting the essential requirements of the works. The indications given as to the working life of a building kit cannot be interpreted as a guarantee given by the producer or the approval body. They should only be regarded as a means for the specifiers to choose the appropriate criteria for building kits in relation to the expected, economically reasonable working life of the works. 6 Method 3 as described in GP L has been used.

4 Page 4 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Dimensional stability In normal conditions, harmful deformations due to moisture changes of the Kerto Ripa Elements is not expected. When necessary, the dimensional change L of a Kerto product due to change of moisture content can be calculated as follows: L H L where is change of moisture content % from the equilibrium moisture content, H dimensional variation coefficient and L dimension mm. The dimensional variation coefficients are presented in Table 5. Table 1. Dimensional variation coefficients Kerto-S Kerto-Q Thickness Width Length ER 2 Safety in case of fire Reaction to fire Untreated Kerto LVL is classified to have reaction to fire class D-s1, d0. If thermal insulation is used inside the elements, it shall be classified to have reaction to fire class A1 as a default. Other options are specified in Annex 2. Kerto Ripa Elements treated against fire are not covered by this ETA. Kerto Ripa Elements without a slab on the lower side of the element may be protected by a gypsum plasterboard construction suspended below the element. This protective construction shall be designed and planned appropriately and its performance is not covered by this ETA. For roofing, reaction to fire is NPD. 7 Resistance to fire Resistance to fire is strongly influenced by the structure of the element, insulation in the cavities and optional use of gypsum plasterboards, see Annex 2. A floor or roof construction made of Kerto Ripa Elements may have resistance to fire class REI 30 or REI 60 provided that the conditions in Annex 2 are fulfilled. The load bearing capacity and the deflection of the Kerto Ripa Element construction in case of fire shall be calculated according to EN taking into account the charring rates and limitations given in Annex 2. 7 Reaction of fire of the roofing shall meet the requirements set in the place of use.

5 Page 5 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 In case of an element without bottom slab, additional components shall be added at the building site as specified in Annexes 1 and 2 when required for the structure. Passage of fire to the gap between the end of the element and a supporting edge has to be prevented. Neither may the bottom slab have such holes that might act as passages for fire to the cavity inside the Kerto Ripa Element. External fire performance of roof coverings Kerto Ripa Elements may incorporate a roof covering. E.g. for bituminous roofing materials the external fire performance of roof covering is B ROOF (t2). ER 3 Hygiene, health and environment Water vapour permeability and moisture resistance Kerto Ripa Elements may contain thermal insulation in the cavities. The construction resembles a timber frame construction where any moisture possibly coming into the cavities is ventilated or will be removed by diffusion. In cases where resistance to fire is required, ventilation cavities may require fire stops according to separate design. In special cases when the performance shall be calculated, e.g. when there is a separate ceiling construction that is not part of the Kerto Ripa Element, the water vapour resistance factors given in Table 2 may be used. Table 2. Diffusion coefficients (-), p (kg / Pa s m) Product Kerto-S Kerto-Q Kerto-S Kerto-Q Diffusion coefficients (-) p (kg / Pa s m) In direction of thickness ,4* ,0*10-12 In direction of width ,3* *10-12 Longitudinal * *10-12 Dangerous substances Based on the declaration of the manufacturer, Kerto Ripa Elements do not contain harmful or dangerous substances as defined in the EU database, with exception of formaldehyde. The formaldehyde release of the LVL is classified to be E1 in accordance with EN The product does not contain pentachlorophenol.kerto LVL products manufactured by Metsä Wood have formaldehyde releases less than 0,030 ppm which is 30% of E1 class requirement 0,10 ppm when determined in accordance with EN High relative humidity conditions may cause mould growth on the surface of Kerto Ripa Elements. If these kinds of conditions are expected during erection, a brushable or sprayable surface treatment shall be used. This kind of treatment has no adverse effects to the structural properties of Kerto Ripa Elements. If, due to excessive wetting, there is mould growth on the surface of Kerto Ripa Elements, this can be removed by sanding. Kerto Ripa Elements treated against biological attack are not covered by this ETA.

6 Page 6 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 In addition to the specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this European Technical Approval, there may be other requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and national laws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive, these requirements need to also be complied with, when and where they apply. ER 4 Safety in use Slipperiness of floors Not relevant. Kerto Ripa Elements do not have finished floor surfaces. Impact resistance Kerto Ripa Elements are assessed to have acceptable impact resistance for the intended uses. ER 5 Protection against noise Airborne sound insulation and impact sound insulation Measured value for weighted sound reduction index Rw and weighted impact sound pressure level Ln,w of a typical Kerto Ripa Element are given in Table 5. The thickness of the top slab of the basic Kerto Ripa Element was 25 mm while the thickness of the bottom slab was 37 mm. Measured values for some typical flooring constructions are also given. Table 3 The acoustical performance of Kerto Ripa Elements. Measured construction Airborne sound insulation (db) Impact sound insulation (db) Rw C Ln,w CI Basic Kerto Ripa Element with bottom slab 39 mm, Kerto Ripa Element 1 Kerto Ripa Element 1 topped with 60 mm concrete slab Kerto Ripa Element 1 topped with 60 mm concrete slab floating on 30 mm of mineral wool Kerto Ripa Element 1 topped with floating screed on 30 mm of mineral wool, Lw for floor covering 18 db Acoustical performance of Kerto Ripa Elements that do not have the slab on the lower side of the element may be improved by a gypsum plasterboard construction suspended below the element. The performance of this kind of construction is outside of this ETA. Also in this case, the performance is strongly influenced by the flooring construction used.

7 Page 7 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Sound absorption NPD. ER 6 Energy economy and heat retention The thermal conductivity for both web and flange material is 0.13 W/(m K) according to EN The natural density variation of the materials is taken into account in this value. Aspects of durability, serviceability and identification Durability Kerto Ripa Elements can be used in service classes 1 and 2 as defined in Eurocode 5, which correspond to the use classes 1 and 2 as defined in EN The product shall not be used in service class 3 / use class 3 (3.1 exterior, above ground, protected; occasionally wet) without additional protective treatment. During the erection of the building, Kerto Ripa Elements have good resistance to temporary exposure to water without decay, provided that they are allowed to dry afterwards. If the elements are intended to be covered by flooring, it is recommended that the moisture content of the top slab is checked by a moisture meter calibrated for Kerto LVL: moisture content of the slab should not exceed 15 % unless the flooring material to be used does not provide for a lower value. The designer shall pay attention to the details of the construction and to ensure that no water pockets will be formed. If Kerto Ripa Elements are intended to be a part of the external envelope of the building, they shall be protected adequately, e.g. by a roofing or by a cladding. Durability may be reduced by attack from insects such as long horn beetle, dry wood termites and anobium in regions where these may be found. When necessary and required by the local authorities, Kerto Ripa Elements may be treated against biological attack according to the rules valid within the region. Any adverse effects of the treatment on other properties shall be taken into account. These kinds of treatments are not covered by this ETA. Serviceability Serviceability of Kerto Ripa Elements is understood as their ability to resist loads without unacceptable deformation or vibrations. This characteristic is treated under ER 1. Identification Kerto Ripa Elements are delivered in packages suitable to protect them during transportation and storage. Each delivery package is labelled with an ID number of the element and the delivery address or order number. The product label also bears the CE-marking. Kerto Ripa Elements are identified by the flanges and ribs being of LVL. LVL parts may bear occasionally the marking of the LVL manufacturer.

8 Page 8 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, Evaluation and attestation of conformity and CE marking 3.1 System of attestation of conformity The system of attestation of conformity specified by the European Commission in Decision 2000/447/EC - Official Journal L 180, is System 1, according to Council Directive 89/106/EEC Annex III.2.(i), without audit-testing of samples, and provides: Certification of the conformity of the product by an approved certification body on the basis of: (a) (b) Tasks for the manufacturer: (1) factory production control; (2) further testing of samples taken at the factory by the manufacturer in accordance with a prescribed test plan; Tasks for the approved body: (3) initial type-testing of the product; (4) initial inspection of factory and of factory production control; (5) continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control; 3.2 Responsibilities Tasks of the manufacturer Factory production control Kerto Ripa Elements are manufactured at several independent factories licensed by the ETA holder. The manufacturers shall exercise permanent factory production control according to the written quality manual, which is endorsed by the approved body. The manual is property of the ETA holder and fulfils the requirements of ETAG 019. The manual specifies how the factory production control measures are carried out, and at which frequencies. Manufacturers having an FPC system, which complies with EN ISO 9001 and which addresses the requirements of this ETA, are recognized as satisfying the FPC requirements of the Directive Testing of samples taken at the factory Testing of samples taken at the factory according to a prescribed test plan is part of the factory production control. The test plan is part of the quality manual deposited at VTT Expert Services Ltd, and is available to approved bodies involved in the attestation of conformity to this ETA Declaration of conformity When all the criteria of the Conformity Attestation are satisfied, the manufacturer shall make a Declaration of Conformity Tasks of approved bodies General Several approved bodies may be involved in the certification so that the products manufactured by different manufacturers in different MS may be certified by different approved certification

9 Page 9 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 bodies. Each manufacturer and the respective certification body shall have a certification contract regulating the duties of the parties. The approved certification bodies shall report to VTT Expert Services Ltd Initial type testing of the product Approval tests have been conducted by VTT Expert Services Ltd or under its responsibility in accordance with section 5 of the ETA Guideline. VTT Expert Services Ltd has assessed the results of these tests in accordance with section 6 of the ETA Guideline, as part of the ETA issuing procedure. The product characteristics determined by the initial test programme and by the experience of the external inspections is found sufficient to serve as initial type testing. This shall be validated by the approved body for the purpose of certification of conformity. In case of a new manufacturing line, an approved certification body has to conduct initial type testing to verify that the production line in question is able to manufacture products in conformity with the ETA. The initial type testing can be limited to testing of the adhesive bonded connections between slabs and ribs and has to be agreed between VTT Expert Services Ltd and the approved bodies involved Initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control An approved body shall conduct initial inspection of each manufacturing line in order to ensure that the premises and technical equipment are acceptable, personnel is qualified and a factory production control system which is in accordance with the provisions in the ETA Guideline and this ETA is followed. The gluing procedure shall be separately assessed in case of each line Continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of the factory production control The approved body shall visit the factory at least twice a year for regular inspection. It shall be verified that the factory production control is performed according to the manufacturer s quality manual, including tests of samples according to the prescribed test plan Certification When all the criteria of the Conformity Attestation are satisfied the approved certification body shall issue a Certification of Conformity with this European Technical Approval for each manufacturing line separately. In cases where the provisions of the European Technical Approval and the prescribed test plan are no longer fulfilled, or the manufacturer has not made products according to the ETA during the latest 6 months, the Certification of Conformity shall be withdrawn. 3.3 CE-Marking The CE marking shall be affixed on each Kerto Ripa Element. The CE marking shall be accompanied by the following information: identification number of the notified certification body (System 1) the name or identifying mark of the producer and the registered address of the producer last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed the number of the EC certificate of conformity (System 1) number of the ETA

10 Page 10 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 information regarding the performance of any thermal insulation contained (reaction to fire class, R or U of the element) project number and element number or a corresponding identification of the characteristics of Kerto Ripa Element 4 Assumptions under which the fitness of the product for the intended use was favourably assessed 4.1 Design of works For each individual building project, a specific structural design shall be made according to the instructions of the ETA holder by a person responsible for the task according to the laws of the MS. The design also shall take into account any aspects regarding installation of the elements, as any temporary bracing and supporting. When relevant, also other performances in addition to ER1 shall be documented in the design (ER2, ER6). Metsä Wood Kerto provides with design instructions of the Kerto Ripa Elements. When the instructions are updated, the updated version shall be approved by VTT Expert Services Ltd. 4.2 Manufacturing Kerto Ripa Elements are manufactured in accordance with the provisions of this European Technical Approval as identified during the inspection of manufacturing places by VTT Expert Services Ltd. The ETA holder has separate agreements with the manufacturers that act as independent companies. Gluing of slabs to ribs shall be performed according to the ETA holder's instructions based on relevant standards for structural gluing of wood material. Gluing pressure may be achieved by screws or nails as specified in detail in the instructions of the ETA holder. When the instructions are updated, the updated version shall be approved by VTT Expert Services Ltd 4.3 Installation Kerto Ripa Elements shall be installed by appropriately qualified personnel, following the installation plan. In case of elements without a bottom slab, only the components specified in this ETA shall be used when there are requirements for resistance to fire. 5 Recommendations 5.1 Recommendations on packaging, transport and storage Kerto Ripa Elements shall be protected against harmful wetting during transport and storage and stored only temporarily on the building site. Any measures to keep the moisture content low and to avoid condensation shall be done carefully. Weather exposure of rain, water flowing as well as water convection from other structures shall be avoided. Tarpaulins shall be used to protect the Kerto Ripa Elements from rain, dirt and excessive solar radiation, especially when the elements have finished surfaces. Protective treatments may be adequate for Kerto Ripa Elements without a bottom slab. Kerto Ripa Elements shall be stored on a plane underlay using a sufficient number of supports according to manufacturer's instructions so that the elements do not have contact with water on the ground.

11 Page 11 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, Recommendations on use, maintenance and repair Before installation precautions should be taken so that Kerto Ripa Elements are not damaged during transport or storage. Damaged Kerto Ripa Elements shall be replaced by sound ones. The product may be exposed to the weather for a short time during installation. Products which have become wet shall be dried before use and inspected for any deficiencies. Only products free from defects are allowed to be used. Holes in Kerto Ripa Elements to provide openings for ducts, pipes etc. or modification or repair of the construction may only be made after consultation with the person responsible for the design as described in 4.1. The manufacturer shall ensure that the information of these provisions is given to those concerned. On behalf of VTT Expert Services Ltd Espoo, February 15, 2013 Lina Markelin-Rantala Team Manager Pertti Jokinen Assessor

12 Page 12 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, Cross sections and sizes ANNEX 1 DESCRIPTION OF KERTO RIPA ELEMENTS Figure1-1: Cross sections of Kerto-Ripa Elements: 1 Ribbed slab, 2 Box slab, 3 Open box slab with Kerto-S or Kerto-Q bottom flanges (depending on the design), may contain optional fire protective bottom courses, and 4 Box slab where top panel is not a part of the composite cross section. Cross bracing and insulation may be optional.

13 Page 13 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 The design of Kerto Ripa Elements is shown in Figure 1-1. The products are individually designed based on the specification of the customer. The maximum size of the panels is 25 m x 2.5 m and the thickness varies from 150 to 1200 mm. If the length of the element is more than 12 m, the handling of the element shall be considered by the designer. The panels may have one-sided tapered ribs; maximum taper is 10.The ribs may be stiffened, when necessary, with additional stiffeners made of Kerto LVL. Kerto Ripa Elements may contain insulation in the cavities. Typical cross sections and symbols used are illustrated in Figure 1-1. Typical dimensions of the members to be glued together are b w = 39 to 75 mm h w = 100 to 900 mm (h w < 15.4x thickness of rib b w ) h f = 19 to 68 mm Tolerances of dimensions at the reference moisture content of 10 2% are presented in Table 1-1. Table 1-1. Tolerances of Kerto Ripa Elements. Dimension Tolerance, mm or % Depth of the Kerto Ripa Element 5,0 mm or 1,5 %** Width of the Kerto Ripa Element ± 0,5 % Length of the Kerto Ripa Element ** which one is smaller 5,0 mm The thickness of sanded Kerto slabs is the nominal thickness decreased by 1mm for each sanded surface. Kerto slabs used in Kerto Ripa Elements shall be sanded at least from that side which is glued to the ribs. The effect of sanding to the thickness shall be taken into account in the structural calculations of Kerto Ripa Elements.

14 Page 14 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Table 1-2 The characteristic values of Kerto -S and Kerto -Q to be used in the design of Kerto Ripa Elements. Characteristic value, N/mm2 or kg/m3 Property Fifth percentile values Bending strength: Symbol Kerto -S thickness mm mm* Kerto -Q, thickness mm** mm** Edgewise (depth 300 mm) f m,0,edge,k Size effect parameter s Flatwise along f m,0,flat,k, Flatwise across f m,0,flat,k, 14, Tensile strength: Parallel to grain (length 3000 mm) f t,0,k Perpendicular to grain, edgewise f t,90,edge,k Perpendicular to grain, flatwise f t,90,flat,k Compressive strength: Parallel to grain f c,0,k Perpendicular to grain, edgewise f c,90,edge,k Perpendicular to grain, flatwise f c,90,flat,k 1.8 2,2 2,2 2,2 Shear strength Edgewise f v,0,edge,k Flatwise f v,0,flat,k Modulus of elasticity: Parallel to grain along E 0,k Parallel to grain across Perpendicular to grain, edgewise E 90,edge,k Perpendicular to grain, flatwise E 90,flat,k Perpendicular to grain E 90,k Shear modulus: Edgewise G 0,k Flatwise G 0,k Density k Mean values Modulus of elasticity: Parallel to grain along E 0,mean, Parallel to grain across E 0,mean, Perpendicular to grain, edgewise E 90,edge,mean Perpendicular to grain, flatwise E 90,flat,mean Shear modulus: Edgewise G 0,mean Flatwise G 0,mean Density mean * For Kerto Q with lay-up ** For Kerto Q with two parallel surface veneers

15 Page 15 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 The characteristic strength and stiffness values for Kerto LVL ribs and slabs to be used in the calculations are given in Table 1-2. The characteristic strength values are given at an equilibrium moisture content resulting from a temperature of 20 C and a relative humidity of 65 % exposed to duration of load of 5 minutes. The characteristic values given in Table 1-2 can be used without any modifications for temperatures below or equal to 50 C for a prolonged period of time. Furthermore, the reference width (depth of the beam) in edgewise bending is 300 while the reference length in tensile parallel to grain is 3000 mm. The effect of member size on edgewise bending and tensile strength values shall be taken into account. This is made by the factors kh and kl given in Eurocode 5 for which the s-values are given in Table 2. This also applies for the effective width of the tension flange. The modification factors k mod and k def for LVL, as defined in Eurocode 5, shall be used in the design of Kerto Ripa Elements. Partial safety factor m is defined in National annex of m for LVL shall be used for the composite cross section of the elements. Since the dimensions of Kerto Ripa Elements remain quite stable during temperature changes, it is not usually necessary to consider any effects of temperature variations on the structural design. 2 Specifications of components The Kerto Ripa Elements are made of Kerto LVL produced by the Metsä Wood Lohja Mill or Punkaharju Mill or corresponding LVL. The material properties comply with EN The characteristic strength values of the LVL to be used in calculations are given in Table 1-2. The adhesive is of type I (full exposure to the weather) as defined in EN 301. The adhesives used are such polyurethane glues that are approved for gluing of load-bearing structures and confirmed to be suitable for gluing of Kerto LVL. Insulation material may be used in the cavities. When the insulation is used in constructions subject to fire regulations, additional provisions according to Annex 2 apply. Thermal conductivity of the insulation material shall be expressed in the form of a classification specified in accordance with the relevant EC decision and the appropriate CEN classification standards. Screws or nails according to the specification of the ETA holder that are used according to the manufacturing instructions do not have any structural function in the finished product. Roof coverings and claddings can be part of Kerto Ripa Elements. The external fire performance of roof coverings and claddings shall be in accordance with laws, regulations and administrative provisions applicable to prefabricated wood-based loadbearing stressed skin panels in their intended end use application. This performance shall be expressed in the form of a classification specified in accordance with the relevant EC decision and the appropriate CEN classification standards. 3 Manufacturing Kerto Ripa Elements are manufactured on behalf of Metsä Wood at several independent authorized factories. The pressure necessary for gluing is achieved by approved methods developed by Metsä Wood.

16 Page 16 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, Typical connections between Kerto Ripa Elements Kerto Ripa Elements are normally connected to each other with mechanical fasteners. Diagonal screwing is recommended. Kerto Ripa Elements shall be designed in such a way that width and thickness changes due to moisture content variation do not cause harmful stresses in the structures. Special attention shall be paid to the design of joints. Kerto Ripa Elements may be top slab supported. Design guide for top slab supported Kerto Ripa Elements is provided by the ETA holder. Figure1-2: Principal drawing of connections between Kerto Ripa Elements.

17 Page 17 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 ANNEX 2 Kerto Ripa Elements, type box slab Structure of Kerto Ripa Element in case of box slab is presented in Figure 1-1, type 2 of Annex 1. A floor or roof construction made of Kerto Ripa Elements with a continuous bottom slab has resistance to fire class REI 30 or REI 60 if the thickness of the bottom slab is at least 22 mm or at least 37 mm respectively. The bottom slab can also in fire class REI 30 comprise of at least 19 mm thick Kerto-Q board and 13 mm thick gypsum plasterboard 8 type A or at least 19 mm thick Kerto-Q board and 15 mm thick gypsum plasterboard type F or in fire class REI 60 of at least 25 mm thick Kerto-Q board and 13 mm thick gypsum plasterboard type A or at least 25 mm thick Kerto-Q board and 15 mm thick gypsum plasterboard type F. Gypsum plasterboards type A and F are defined in product standard EN 520. The thickness of the ribs shall be at least 39 mm and the spacing of the ribs must not exceed 1250 mm. The cavities may contain insulation or not. The height of the ribs must not exceed 350 mm added by the height of the possible insulation layer. The elements shall be glued with polyurethane glue Purbond HB 110 or other glue with corresponding strength properties at elevated temperatures. To have an effect on resistance to fire, insulation in the cavities shall be rock wool installed tightly against the ribs and the thickness of it shall be at least 100 mm and the density of it at least 27 kg/m 3. If the thickness exceeds 100 mm rock wool shall be fixed in the ribs so that it remains at place during the fire or if rock wool is not fixed it has to be supported with the bottom slab during the whole fire resistance time. Loadbearing capacity and deflection of the Kerto Ripa Element construction in case of fire shall be calculated according to EN :2004/AC Annex C or D taking into account the charring rates, factors and notes given in Table 1. Notional charring rate n or n3 of the ribs is determined according to expressions in Table 1 when required fire resistance time t t f where t f = failure time of cladding. 8 Nominal board thickness of type A is 13 mm which corresponds real thickness of 12,5 mm.

18 Page 18 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Table 1. Factors and expressions used in fire design according to EN :2004/AC Annex C for floors and roofs with insulation in the cavities and Annex D for floors and roofs without insulation in the cavities. Kerto Ripa Element with continuous bottom slab with rock wool insulation in the cavities Bottom slab Kerto-Q board Kerto-Q board and gypsum plasterboard type A Charring rate of the bottom slab 0 Start of charring t ch of the ribs and failure time of cladding t f Notional charring rate n or n3 of the bottom edge of the ribs Charring rate of the vertical edges of the ribs Charring rate of the top slab Design of the residual cross section as a composite structure after charring of the bottom slab Kerto-Q board and gypsum plasterboard type F without insulation in the cavities Kerto-Q board 0 = 0.75 mm/min = 0.65 mm/min t ch = t f = h p 0-4 n = k s k 3 k n 0 k s = 1) k 3 = 3.5 k n = = 0.65 mm/min no charring within 60 min no charring within 60 min t ch = t f = 50 min when h f2 = 25 mm 2) n = k s k 3 k n 0 k s = 1) k 3 = 3.0 k n = = 0.65 mm/min no charring within 60 min no charring within 60 min t ch = 60 min when h f2 = 25 mm 3) no charring within 60 min no charring within 60 min no charring within 60 min t ch = t f = h p 0-4 n3 = k 3 n k 3 = 2.0 n = 0.7 mm/min n3 = k 3 n k 3 = 2.0 n = 0.7 mm/min n3 = k 3 n k 3 = 2.0 n = 0.7 mm/min always always always if shear stress between the rib and the bottom slab 1.5 N/mm 2 1) according to EN :2004 Table C1 2) if h f2 25 mm t ch = 50 + (h f2-25)/0.65 [min] when charring rate of the bottom slab 0 = 0.65 mm/min 3) if h f2 25 mm t ch = 60 + (h f2-25)/0.65 [min] when charring rate of the bottom slab 0 = 0.65 mm/min Required thickness of the bottom slab h f2 may be calculated as follows: h f2 (t req - t ch,25 )* h B-F [mm] where t req is the required fire resistance time [min] t ch,25 is the time of start of charring for the ribs when 25 mm thick board as the bottom flange (according to Table 1) [min] h B-F is required residual thickness of the bottom slab [mm] As modification factor k mod,fm,fi for bending strength of timber can be used the values given in Table 2 when the structure includes insulation in the cavities and the value of 1.0 when the structure does not include insulation in the cavities.

19 Page 19 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Table 2. Modification factor k mod,fm,fi for bending strength of timber when the floor or roof construction includes insulation. Interpolation can be used for the intermediate values. k mod,fm,fi, when d char / h h [mm] 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0, Bending strength with exposed side in tension The deflection in the fire situation is not allowed to exceed D = L 2 /(2600*d) [mm] where L = the span of the element [mm] and d = h f1 + h w + h f2 [mm]. If the spacing of the ribs exceeds 600 mm (600 mm < spacing 900 mm) the insulation has to be supported with longitudinal timber battens 2 x 22 x 100 mm 2 or Kerto-S 39 x 100 mm 2. The battens shall be fixed to the stiffeners of the ribs (maximum c/c 5300 mm) with 4 nails 2.9 x 90 and the bottom slab of the element to the battens or Kerto-S with nails 2.9 x 90 c/c 400 mm. If the spacing of the ribs exceeds 900 mm (900 mm < spacing 1250 mm) start of charring of the ribs shall be at least the required fire resistance time R. Insulation in the cavities may also be glass wool or insulation of class B - F. If the insulation is glass wool then the start of charring of the ribs shall be at least the required fire resistance time R. If the insulation is of class B F then residual thickness of the bottom slab shall be at least 10 mm at the time of required fire resistance time R. The values of Table 1 may be used to calculate loadbearing capacity and deflection of the Kerto Ripa Element construction with insulation materials specified above. Gypsum plasterboards, if any, shall be fixed to the bottom slab of the element with 32 mm long screws c/c 200 mm at the edge and end of the board and 300 x 400 mm 2 squares at the center of the board. The elements shall be fixed together by joint types E and F presented in Figure 1-2 of Annex 1. When using joint type E between the elements they shall be fixed together with two cross screwed, diagonal screws, e.g. ASSY (or comparable), Ø = 6 mm c/c 300 mm (c/c 600 mm / c/c 600 mm) from the top slab, the penetration length of the screw tip in the Kerto member shall be at least 50 mm. When using joint type F between the elements they shall be fixed together with diagonal screws, e.g. ASSY (or comparable), Ø = 5 mm c/c 300 from the top slab, the penetration length of the screw tip in the Kerto member shall be at least 50 mm.

20 Page 20 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 The ribs begin to char in the joint between the elements after 40 min unless the butt joint between the bottom slabs is sealed with a wooden batten, plywood or rock wool insulation installed inside the joint, joint types a and b in Figure 2-1. The wooden batten or plywood shall be 15 mm wide and at least 20 mm of the height of the batten or plywood shall be uncharred after the fire. Density of the rock wool insulation shall be 140 kg/m 3 and size of the insulation width x height = 20 x 100 mm 2. If the density of rock wool is less than 140 kg/m 3 the width and thickness of insulation should be increased in such a manner that the amount (kg/m) of compressed insulation is the same as when the insulation with density 140 kg/m 3 is used. In case of fire, Kerto Ripa Elements may be supported so that whole bottom slab rests on the underlay, or by the top slab of the elements, or by metal suspensions attached to every rib. The metal suspensions must be tightly protected in joints between elements with rock wool (thickness 30 mm, density 140 kg/m 3 ). When designing the suspensions for the fire exposure of 60 min their temperature has to be taken into account: 500 o C at the bottom and 300 o C at the top of the suspension. Protection for the centre suspensions inside the element is not necessary. A top slab of Kerto Ripa Element may be substituted for plywood but then fire design of the composite structure shall be performed without the top slab which is only used as a stiffening, see structure in Figure 1-1, type 4 of Annex 1.

21 Page 21 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Kerto Ripa Elements, type open box slab Structure of Kerto Ripa Element in case of open box slab is presented in Figure 1-1 type 3 of Annex 1. A floor or roof construction made of Kerto Ripa Elements without a continuous bottom slab has resistance to fire class REI 30 or REI 60 if the thickness of the bottom flange (Kerto-S or Kerto-Q) is at least 43 mm and the width 300 mm in the middle and 150 mm at the edge. The bottom surface of the element shall be covered with gypsum plasterboards type 2 x A, A + F, 2 x F or F in fire class REI 60 and type 2 x A, A + F, 2 x F, F or A in fire class REI 30. The thickness of board type A is at least 13 mm and type F at least 15 mm and the board types A and F are defined in product standard EN 520. The thickness of the ribs shall be at least 45 mm and the spacing of the ribs must not exceed 585 mm for claddings type A or F and 833 mm for claddings type 2 x A, A + F or 2 x F. The height of the ribs must not exceed 350 mm added by the height of the rock wool layer. The elements shall be glued with polyurethane glue Purbond HB 110 or other glue with corresponding strength properties at elevated temperatures. To have an effect on resistance to fire, insulation in the cavities shall be rock wool slabs installed tightly against the ribs and the thickness of it shall be at least 100 mm and the density of it at least 30 kg/m3. If the thickness exceeds 100 mm and it consists of two layers of insulation the joints of the insulation slabs shall be overlapped and residual thickness of the bottom flange (Kerto-S or Kerto-Q) shall be at least 10 mm at the time of the required fire resistance time R. Loadbearing capacity and deflection of Kerto Ripa Element construction without a continuous bottom slab can be fire designed for maximum fire resistance time of 60 minutes ( R ) according to EN :2004/AC Annex C taking into account the factors and notes given in Table 3. Notional charring rate n is determined according to following expressions: n = k s k 2 k n 0 n = k s k 3 k n 0 where for t ch t t f for t > t f 0 = 0.65 mm/min one-dimensional charring rate k s = 1 cross-section factor k n = 1 factor to convert the irregular residual cross-section into a notional rectangular cross-section Table 3. Factors used in fire design according to EN Kerto Ripa Element with rock wool insulation in the cavities and covered with gypsum plasterboard type 2 x A type A + F type 2 x F type F type A Start of charring t ch 30 min 40 min 60 min 20 min 10 min Failure time of cladding t f 30 min 45 min > 60 min 30 min 10 min Insulation factor k Post-protection factor k No charring of the vertical edges of the ribs and the top slab within 60 min Design of the residual cross section as a composite structure after charring of the bottom slab As modification factor k mod,fm,fi for bending strength of timber can be used the values given in Table 2.

22 Page 22 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 The deflection in the fire situation is not allowed to exceed D = L 2 /(2600*d) [mm] where L = the span of the element [mm] and d = h f1 + h w + h f2 [mm]. Insulation in the cavities may also be glass wool (density 15 kg/m 3 ) in fire class REI 30 if the element is covered with gypsum plasterboards type 2 x A, A + F or 2 x F and in fire class REI 60 if the element is covered with gypsum plasterboards type 2 x F. Table 3 may be used to calculate the start of charring. Gypsum plasterboards are fixed to the bottom flanges of the slab by the aid of acoustic battens AP 25 c/c 400 mm. The first layer of gypsum plasterboards shall be fixed to acoustic battens with screws 3.5x 25 c/c 300 mm and the second layer with screws 3.5x35 c/c 300 mm. The acoustic battens shall be fixed to the bottom flanges of the slab with screws 4.2x55, 1 pc / bottom flange and the minimum penetration length of the screw into unburnt wood shall be at least 10 mm. The elements shall be fixed together by joint types E and F shown in Figure 1-2 of Annex 1. When using joint type E the elements shall be fixed together with two cross screwed, diagonal screws, e.g. ASSY (or comparable), Ø = 6 mm c/c 300 mm (c/c 600 mm / c/c 600 mm) from the top slab, the penetration length of the screw tip in the Kerto member shall be at least 50 mm. When using joint type F the elements shall be fixed together with diagonal screws, e.g. ASSY (or comparable), Ø = 6 mm c/c 300 mm from the top slab, the penetration length of the screw tip in the Kerto member shall be at least 50 mm. A gap between elements is 15 mm and it shall be sealed with plywood installed between the elements at the bottom, 40x25 EPDM-gasket and polyurethane foam, Figure 2-1 c. The plywood shall be 12 mm wide and at least 20 mm of the height of the plywood shall be uncharred after the fire. Instead of EPDM-gasket other materials with the similar fire properties may be used. EPDM-gasket and polyurethane foam may also be substituted for rock wool insulation with the density of 140 kg/m 3 and size of 20 x 100 mm 2 (width x height). If the density of rock wool is less than 140 kg/m 3 the width and thickness of insulation should be increased in such a manner that the amount (kg/m) of compressed insulation is the same as when the insulation with density 140 kg/m 3 is used. In case of fire, Kerto Ripa Elements may be supported so that whole bottom slab rests on the underlay or by the top slab of the elements. Kerto Ripa Elements, type ribbed slab Fire design of the elements in case of ribbed slab in Figure 1-1, type 1 of Annex 1 shall be performed according to EN and National Annex.

23 Page 23 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Figure 2-1a. The joint between the elements is sealed with a wooden batten or plywood at the bottom of the slab. Figure 2-1b. The joint between the elements is sealed with rock wool insulation at the bottom of the slab.

24 Page 24 of European Technical Approval ETA-07/0029, February 15, 2013 Figure 2-1c. The joint between the elements is sealed with plywood at the bottom of the slab.