Cable Network Transparency Fiber Optic Monitoring

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1 Cable Network Transparency Fiber Optic Monitoring Fault recognition, localisation and reporting

2 Fiber Optic Cable Future of Telecommunication The demand for complex fiber optic cable networks and flexible IP data traffic increases exponentially concurrently with the demand for network services - thus requiring constant and high transfer rates. An efficient fiber optic cable monitoring is essential for succeeding in this aim - made by LANCIER Monitoring. Fiber Optic Cable Monitoring is essentialy required Fiber optic cable has unexpectedly turned out to be sensitive to environmental influences. For example penetrating humidity is influencing the transmission quality. Ruptures due to ground movements, construction works or even theft may cause total loss. Thus fiber optic cables must be monitored as well. The transmission quality over the entire cable is measured using attenuation values in a reference fiber. In this process state-of-the-art sensor technology results in quick and precise fault detection. The LANCIER Monitoring Fiber Optic Monitoring System offers to you permanent preventive monitoring, short response time when faults occur = no or only short down times, fault location if reflectometer (OTDR) is implemeted in the monitoring system, Top-quality OTDRs (Optical Time Domain Reflectometers) are used to point the fault location precisely. OTDRs tailored to the relevant transmission wavelength are em - ployed as the particular task dictates. 2 monitoring of active and dark fibres, monitoring of optical performance, monitoring of optical attenuation, monitoring using reflectometers (OTDR), monitoring for humidity penetration.

3 OTDR The core of Fault Location at Optic Fibers Embedding an OTDR with optical switch into the RTU upgrades the Unified Monitoring System (UMS) to a precise fiber optic fault-location system. The use of optical switches allows for the monitoring of an almost unlimited number of optic fibers which are measured consecutively. Even dark fibers might be monitored due to the application of WDM (wavelength division multiplexers). IP network Optical switch OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) RTU The UMS reads the attenuation characteristics periodically, evaluates them and reports significant changes. In the process it indicates the precise position of the faulty spot on the monitored fiber route. Linked to a GIS database the UMS can determine the exact geographical position. Typical back-scattering trace of an optic fiber 3

4 Optical Loss Monitoring provides Security The FiberTxA-Mk2 is a stand-alone measurement and monitoring device for dark and active optical fibers. Loop or serial measurements are continuously executed on a spare optical fiber. The thresholds for the attenuation values are easily programmable with the built-in keys. The integrated display shows the measurement values and settings. Loop Measurement of a fiber optic pair Monitoring the optical attenuation detects breaks and kinks of dark fibers humidity ingress - in conjunction with the AquaSensor (only at 1625 nm, see rear page) security breaches through tapping with bending couplers (only at 1625 nm) Fiber optic pair Serial Measurement of an optic fiber Fiber optic trunk cable 4

5 Optical Power Monitoring provides a general Survey Active optical fibers are monitored for changes of the optical power with the OpTxA- Mk2. Thresholds are easily programmable with the built-in keys. The integrated display shows the measurement values and settings. Especially when combined with an OTDR-based monitoring system an all-inclusive surveillance of dark and active fibers can be realised very economically. Monitoring the optical power determines the optical power at the receiver site. Reduced power suggests a cable fault (increased attenuation) or reduced transmitter power. allows for the quickest possible alarm notification with fault localization in hybrid systems in conjunction with an OTDR. Serial Measurement of an optic fiber Fiber optic trunk cable Optical receiver Optical emitter LANCIER Monitoring Mk2-Sensors are equipped with dry output relay contacts to allow for remote alarming. Additionally they can be supplied with plug-in interface modules for the LANCIER Tx-Bus or CAN-Bus in order to integrate them into the Unified Monitoring System (UMS). 5

6 PON - Passive Optical Network Economic and convenient Surveillance In order to cope with the increasing demand of bandwidth due to new applications like triple-play more and more network providers choose to facilitate PON (Passive Optical Network) technology. This Point-to-multiplepoint (P2MP) topology supplies up to 128 subscribers with broadband access through a single fiber. To achieve this a passive splitter is used to distribute the downstream signal sent from OLT Splitter the central office (exchange) to the subscribers. At the user site only the dedicated signal for the particular subscriber is decoded and supplied. In the opposite direction it is common to use time or wavelength multiplex methods to avoid collisions of the transmitted data. Cable monitoring all the way to the subscriber Exact fault localization between OLT and splitter Time and cost saving through instant alarming and localization PON monitoring External Services NMS (Network Management System) Cable management system GIS (Geographical Information System) SMS Fax Pager... Report 6 Server

7 The LANCIER Monitoring system for PON is compact and modular. The RTU (Remote Testing Unit) is installed in the central office (exchange). The built-in high-end OTDR comes with three measurement wavelengths (1310 nm, 1550 nm and 1625 nm) to be prepared for any measurement task and stateof-the-art deadzones, which makes PON monitoring possible in the first place. An optical switch with the necessary amount of fiber connectors sequentially attaches the fibers to be measured to the OTDR. If the transmission equipment installed in the central office is not already equipped with monitoring channels, additional wave division multiplexers (WDM) are used to couple the monitoring signal into the active fibers. The OTDR then measures the fiber even past the passive splitter all the way down to the s (subscriber site). During the measurement the end reflection is evaluated to determine whether the connection between splitter and is still fully functional. Additionally an exact fault localization between the OLT and the splitter is possible, which saves even more time for the diagnostics. Splitter Splitter PON Splitter Splitter WDM... WDM WDM... WDM OLT IP network (Optical line terminal) Optical switch OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) RTU Client 7 WDM = wavelength division multiplexers to couple in the monitoring signal = Optical Network Unit (end user)

8 Humidity threatens Optic Fibers The AquaSensor is the remedy Water penetrating into splicing boxes, e.g. through damage of the sleeve, imperfect sealing or a defective cable sheath, embrittles the fiber optic cable and causes microcracks. In the long term, this leads to deterioration of the fiber properties or even to an unexpected total loss of signal transmission. The reliably working LANCIER AquaSensor early-warning system helps to ob viate these consequences. If the AquaSensor comes into contact with humidity, the fiber is bent in a controlled way to generate a measurable increase of attenuation. These changes can be shown as graphic representation using the LANCIER Monitoring System. The LANCIER AquaSensor can be inserted into all current splice holders, and no metallic conductor is AquaSensor required for signalling. A LANCIER FiberTxA-Mk2 sensor or an OTDR are required to read the AquaSensor. The LANCIER AquaSensor reports humidity and water penetration into fiber optic joints, has short response times, allows for exact fault localisation by the UMS, is re-usable after fault report due to the reversible behaviour of the humidity measuring tape, can be mounted quickly and easily into the splice holder. AquaSensor mounted in a splicing box LANCIER Monitoring GmbH Gustav-Stresemann-Weg Münster, Germany Tel. +49 (0) Fax +49 (0) Ko/11.10 Alterations reserved.