STRESS EFFECT STUDY ON 6 DIFFERENT PATTERN OF TYRES FOR SIZE 175/70 R13 SYAHRIL AZEEM ONG BIN HAJI MALIKI ONG. for the award of the degree of

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1 STRESS EFFECT STUDY ON 6 DIFFERENT PATTERN OF TYRES FOR SIZE 175/70 R13 SYAHRIL AZEEM ONG BIN HAJI MALIKI ONG A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Diploma of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG NOVEMBER 2008

2 SUPERVISOR S DECLARATION We hereby declare that we have checked this project and in our opinion this project is satisfactory in terms of scope and quality for the award of the degree of Diploma of Mechanical Engineering Signature : Name of Supervisor : MOHD FAZLI BIN ISMAIL Position : Date :

3 STUDENT S DECLARATION I declare that this thesis entitled Stress Effect Study on 6 Different Pattern of Tyres for Size 175/70 R13 is the result of my own research except as cited in the references. The thesis has not been accepted for any diploma concurrently submitted in candidature of any other diploma. Signature Name :.. : Syahril Azeem Ong bin Haji Maliki Ong ID Number : MB Date : 11 NOVEMBER 2008

4 To my late father and beloved mother

5 v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah S.W.T the Most Beneficent and the Most Merciful. The deepest sense of gratitude to the Almighty for the strength and ability to complete this project. Infinite thanks I brace upon Him. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor En. Mohd Fazli bin Ismail, for encouragement, guidance, morale support, and critics in bringing this project fruition. I am also very thankful to Dr. Thet Thet Mon for guiding and advising me in COSMOS Express Analysis, hints and tips on restraint and direction of load applied, and comments. Without their outstanding support and interest, this thesis would not been at the best it would right now. I would also like to express my deepest appreciation to my mother whom always support me and motivate me to complete this final year project. Last but not least, I am also indebt to Faculty of Mechanical Engineering for the usage of workstation computer for analytical study purpose. My sincere appreciation also extends to all my colleagues, housemates, and friends whom had provided assistance at various occasions. Finally to individuals who has involved neither directly nor indirectly in succession of this thesis. Indeed I could never adequately express my indebtedness to all of them. Thank you.

6 vi ABSTRACT Generally stress is a measure of the average amount of force exerted per unit area. The main objective of this project is to study the stress effect generated on tyre while in static state scenario. Also one of the main objectives is to differentiate each tread pattern design through series of stress analysis result such as generated stress and deformation result. The procedure included achieving this project s objective starts from Contact Patch Capturing, Contact Patch dimensioning, converting them to CAD drawing by using SolidWorks, obtaining stress and deformation result through COSMOS- Express analysis, and graph was plotted from various tabulated data gained from COSMOS-Express result. From the processed data, the tyre DUNLOP SP SPORT LM703 with symmetric tread pattern shows the best result in terms of stress generated on contact patch and deformation of the tyre when a certain pressure exerted on the tyre compared to other tyre.

7 vii ABSTRAK Secara umumnya, stress ialah pengiraan bagi nilai keseluruhan daya yang dikenakan terhadap luas permukaan. Objektif utama projek ini adalah untuk membuat kajian mengenai kesan stress yang dihasilkan di tayar semasa berada dalam keadaan statik. Juga salah satu daripada objektif utama adalah untuk membezakan setiap rekaan design melalui beberapa hasil analisis stress seperti stress yang terhasil dan hasil perubahan bentuk. Prosedur yang telah digunakan untuk mencapai objektif projek ini bermula dengan Contact Patch Capturing, pendimensian Contact Patch, menukarkan hasil pendimensian Contact Patch kepada lukisan CAD dengan menggunakan SolidWorks, mendapatkan nilai stress dan hasil perubahan bentuk melalui analisis COSMOS-Express, dan graf diplotkan daripada beberapa data yang dijadualkan hasil daripada analisis COSMOS-Express. Daripada data yang diproses, tayar DUNLOP SP SPORT LM703 dengan corak bunga tayar yang simetri menunjukkan hasil yang terbaik dari segi stress yang terhasil di atas contact patch serta perubahan bentuk tayar apabila nilai tekanan yang berbeza dikenakan terhadap tayar berbanding dengan tayar tayar yang lain.