DEQUEST 2000, 2010 and 7000 product series for industrial water treatment applications

Transcription

1 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series for industrial water treatment applications

2 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series Table TABLE of F contents NTENTS 1 Introduction 2 hysical and hemical roperties 2.1 DEQUEST 2 series 2.2 DEQUEST 21 series 2.3 DEQUEST Solubility 2.5 Hydrolytic stability 2.6 Halogen stability 2.7 Acidity constants 2.8 alcium tolerance 3 Functional roperties 3.1 Sequestration 3.2 rystal growth modification 3.3 Dispersion 3.4 Threshold effect 4 Applications of Dequest 2/21/7 Series in Water Treatment 4.1 ooling water treatment Scale inhibition orrosion inhibition erformance in the presence of water contaminants 4.2 Boiler water treatment 4.3 leaners 5 Quality of Dequest products 1 INTRDUTIN The Italmatch hemicals S.p.A. Dequest Business is offering unique specialty additives to meet the needs of these industries involved in water management or deal with processes or applications where water plays a crucial role. More than 4 years ago, Dequest pioneered the development of phosphonate based antiscalants. Dequest phosphonates have been the product of choice for antiscalants / dispersants / corrosion inhibitors / chelants in various applications for many years. Today Dequest offers a broad range of water management additives including Dequest phosphonates, Dequest acrylic / maleic based (co-) polymers, Dequest B biological polymers and tailor made products for specific applications. Dequest phosphonates and polymers are used worldwide in a broad spectrum of markets and applications, including industrial water treatment, household & industrial detergents, industrial cleaners, enhanced oil recovery operations and various industrial processes such as desalination, pulp production & bleaching of paper as well as textiles. DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 series are members of the family of organophosphonates marketed under the Italmatch hemicals S.p.A. registered trademark DEQUEST. All three series are excellent scale inhibitors with corrosion inhibiting and dispersing properties perfectly suited for severe water treatment operating conditions This bulletin provides a detailed overview of physical, chemical and performance properties of DEQUEST 2 series DEQUEST 21 series DEQUEST 7 2 3

3 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series 2 hysical and hemical roperties of Dequest 2, 21 and 7 product series DEQUEST 2 series hemical name: Aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) - ATM hemical structure: H 2 roduct DEQUEST 21 DEQUEST 216 Abbreviation HED Na 4 HED Appearance lear water white to pale yellow aqueous solution hysical & chemical roperties Active [%] content 6 (as acid) 21 (as acid) 3 (as salt) Molecular weight Specific 2/ lear water white to pale yellow aqueous solution H H 2 N ph (1% at 25 ) Freezing point [ ] -25 It is recommended that Dequest 216 is maintained above +5 at all times H hloride as [%l] <.1 <.1 H 2 Iron [ppm Fe] 2 max 2 max hosphorus as 18.9% 6.6% roduct DEQUEST 2 DEQUEST 26 Abbreviation ATM Na 5 ATM roduct form Acid solution entasodium salt solution Appearance hysical & chemical roperties lear water white to pale yellow aqueous solution Active [%] content 5 (as acid) 29 (as acid) 4 (as salt) Molecular weight lear water white to pale yellow aqueous solution DEQUEST 7 hemical name: 2-hosphono 1,2,4 - butane tricarboxylic acid (BT) hemical structure: H 2 H 2 H 2 Specific 2/ H ph (1% at 25 ) < H Freezing point [ ] hloride as [%l] < 1 < 1 Iron [ppm Fe] 2 max 2 max hosphorus as 15.5% 9% Abbreviation roduct DEQUEST 7 BT DEQUEST 21 series hemical name: 1-Hydroxyethylidene (1,1 diphosphonic acid) - HED hemical structure: Appearance lear water white to pale yellow aqueous solution hysical & chemical roperties Active [%] content 5 as acid Molecular weight 27 Specific 2/ H ph (1% at 25 ) Freezing point [ ] - 15 H 3 Iron [ppm Fe] 2 max hosphorus as 5.7% Iron (Fe), ppm 2 ppm max 4 5

4 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series Solubility DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21 and DEQUEST 7 are miscible in all proportions with water and acid solutions. DEQUEST 21 is readily soluble in glycol and methanol. The solubility of DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21 and DEQUEST 7 in alkaline solutions strongly varies with ph. Neutralization of concentrated solutions of DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21 and DEQUEST 7 should therefore be carried out with care. lease contact your representative for guidance Hydrolytic Stability Inorganic polyphosphates tend to hydrolyze to orthophosphate. This reversion affects scale inhibition properties and can lead to calcium orthophosphate scale formation. DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21 and DEQUEST 7 series of phosphonates are hydrolytically stable over a wide range of ph values and operating temperatures. This superior resistance to decomposition is a major advantage of the DEQUEST phosphonates Halogen stability The presence of oxidising biocides (hypochlorous, hypobromous acids, ozone, chlorine dioxide) will affect the performance of DEQUEST 2 and DEQUEST 21. Therefore, appropriate formulatory and application considerations have to be taken. Under the same conditions, DEQUEST 7 remains unaffected. Increasing order of phosphonate stability in the presence of oxidising biocides is as follows: hlorine: DEQUEST 7 > DEQUEST 21 >>>> DEQUEST 2 Bromine: DEQUEST 7 > DEQUEST 2 >>> DEQUEST 21 zone: DEQUEST 7 = DEQUEST 21 >> DEQUEST 2 hlorine dioxide: DEQUEST 7 = DEQUEST 21 >> DEQUEST Acidity constants hosphonates behave as multibasic acids with seve ral inflexion points. Acidity constants are mention ed in the table I below for DEQUEST 2 and DEQUEST 21: Acidity constant DEQUEST 2 DEQUEST 21 pk 1 <2 < 1 pk 2 < pk pk pk NA pk NA Table I: Test conditions for acidity constant determination: - DEQUEST 2: 1 mole KN 3 (21 ) - DEQUEST 21: in.5m tetramethyl- ammonium chloride (25 c ) alcium Tolerance perating efficiently an industrial cooling system under high alkaline conditions requires a chemical treatment program that includes an organic calcium tolerant organo phosphonates based inhibitor and a polymeric component. ALIUM IN TLERANE TEST NDITINS- 32 ppm a o - ph hrs % Residual a 2+ in solution DEQUEST 21 DEQUEST 7 DEQUEST ppm inhibitor as is Fig. 1 Dequest calcium ion tolerance 3 Functional properties of DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series Sequestration DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21 and DEQUEST 7 are good sequestering agents for most metal ions. A common way of comparing the effectiveness of sequestering agents is the stability of the complex formed. This value is a measure of the extent to which a complex will form from free metal and sequestrant. For the formation of a given complex: M +n + L -m ML (n-m) The equilibrium constant would be: [ML (n-m) ] K e = [M +n ] [L -m ] where M +n is the metal ion, L -m the sequestering agent, and ML (n-m) the complex formed. The stability constant is then expressed as the logarithm of the equilibrium constant. Stability constant = log K e 6 7

5 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series A comparison of the stability constants then gives an indication of the amount of unsequestered metal ion in solution. The larger the value, the smaller the amount of free ion. Table II is presenting the stability constants of the active component of DEQUEST 2, DEQUEST 21, indicating their sequestering effect with various metals. DEQUEST 2 (ATM) DEQUEST 21 (HED) Ion Log K e metal complex Log K e metal complex Threshold effect The sum of the above mentioned properties results in a threshold effect. Threshold scale inhibition is the prevention of precipitation from supersaturated solutions at sub-stoechiometric amounts of scale inhibitor (Fig. 2). Increasing calcium organophosphonate precipitation Turbidity Region 4 Application of DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series in industrial water treatment systems The different functional properties of DEQUEST series are the basis of their application in the following fields: cooling water treatment boiler water treatment off-line/online cleaners % inhibition FIG. 3A: LING WATER - ZIN RRSIN RGRAM NTRL ph Zn / phosphonate dose / response plot 1 HSHNATE +3 ppm Zn 8 HSHNATE ALNE phosphonate dosage (ppm AA) a Mg Fe Ni Zn TABLE II: stability constants of dequest 2 and dequest rystal Growth Modification rystal growth modification is the primary functionality necessary in a sludge modification agent to produce fluid, non-adherent sludge. DEQUEST phosphonates cause a delayed, altered crystal growth which may give a synergistic effect in formulation with other agents such as polymers Dispersion DEQUEST phosphonates are effective dispersants for slurries such as clays, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, barium sulfate. This efficiency is comparable to sodium tripolyphosphate but organophosphonates offer the advantage of being stable at elevated temperatures. Threshold Region A B Sequestration Region Increasing mole ratio of organophosphonate to calcium Fig. 2: Threshold Effect F RGANHSH- NATES As a result DEQUEST phosphonates are very effective in a wide variety of precipitating systems at very low use concentrations ( typically,2-,5 ppm level) as outlined in table III below. DEQUEST 2 DEQUEST 21 DEQUEST 7 Good Excellent a3 as4 table III: dequest performance versus various scale forming salts a hosphate a xalate u / Fe oxides af2 Ba/Sr S4 Si ooling water treatment Scale Inhibition In order to minimize operational costs, nowadays, cooling water systems run at high cycles of concentration resulting in high ph and high scaling tendencies. Therefore scale inhibition with avoidance of the use of acid at high stressed conditions is becoming of major importance. This required scale inhibition can be achieved by inclusion of DEQUEST series in cooling water formulations at dosages of few ppm. DEQUEST phosphonates are compatible with each other and with most other treatment chemicals used in cooling water treatment such as corrosion inhibition systems like zinc, phosphates. In some cases remarkable technical synergies may be achieved with mixtures of DEQUEST phosphonates and DEQUEST low molecular weight polymers. For more information about the DEQUEST product series please, refer to the "Introductory Brochure" and the roduct Data Sheets for DEQUEST 9, 92 and orrosion Inhibition ooling water installations are typically subject to corrosion. Although DEQUEST provides a reduction of the corrosion, they exhibit beneficial synergy when formulated with zinc, molybdenum or poly-phosphates. Figure 3A represents synergies between DEQUEST organophosphates and zinc for corrosion inhibition. Figure 3B represents synergies between DEQUEST organophosphates and phosphates for corrosion inhibition. FIG. 3B: LING WATER - HSHATE RRSIN RGRAM NTRL ph dose / response plot HSHNATE ALNE 2 HSHNATE + 5 ppm 4 4 ALNE dosage (ppm AA) 8 9 % inhibition

6 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series erformance in the presence of water contaminants In situations where high cycles and reduced blowdown dictate operations, some interfering species such as ferric ions (Fe 3+ ) or phosphates can have an adverse effect on the performance of these inhibitors. FIG.4 indicates impact of phosphate. In FIG.5, the impact of ferric Iron is described Boiler water treatment DEQUEST 2 series, DEQUEST 21 series and DEQUEST 7 are resistant to hydrolytic and thermal degradation to orthophosphate. Since these products function as crystal growth modifiers and as chelating agents, they should be evaluated as synergistic additives for boiler water treatment formulations. % a 3 inhibition FIG 4: EFFET F HSHATE NENTRATIN N a 3 INHIBITIN 8 ppm ah - 8 ppm TA - 5 o - ph hrs 2 rpm DEQUEST phosphonate based treatment programs can be designed for low - and medium - pressure (up to 6 Ma) boiler systems. Blends DEQUEST phosphonates with dispersants and sequestrants will be able to handle a wide range of boiler water system conditions, resulting in clean boiler internals and providing optimum performance. ompatibility: DEQUEST 2 series, DEQUEST 21 series and DEQUEST 7 phosphonates are compatible with most typically used chelants, sludge modification ppm phosphate as 4 Dequest 7-3. ppm as is Dequest 2-3. ppm as is Dequest ppm as is agents, corrosion inhibitors and oxygen scavengers in boiler water treatment applications leaners In off-line or on-line, low pressure boiler, chemical cleaning procedures mixtures of sequestrants and 5 Quality of DEQUEST products DEQUEST products are covered by certification to quality standard IS 92. % a 3 inhibition FIG 5: EFFET F M Fe 3+ NENTRATIN N a 3 INHIBITIN 8 ppm ah - 8 ppm TA - 5 o - ph hrs 2 rpm dispersants are used. DEQUEST phosphonates may be included in these mixtures in order to assist in disintegrating deposits and in removal of sludge. Also in industrial cooling water cleaning applications the DEQUEST phosphonates enhance the cleaning performance, provide scale inhibition and help to disperse removed solids in order to prevent their redeposition. In addition, the Newport (UK) Dequest manufacturing site is certified to the Environment Management System Standard IS 141. It also participates in the European ommunity EMAS regulation (Eco Management Audit Scheme) which requires independent verification of environmental performance. 1 ppm Fe 3+ 1 Dequest 7-3. ppm as is Dequest 2-3. ppm as is Dequest ppm as is 1 11

7 DEQUEST 2, 21 and 7 product series for industrial water treatment applications More information If you would like to obtain more detailed information about DEQUEST products or are interested in obtaining a sample for evaluation in your system, please contact your nearest Italmatch hemicals S.p.A. representative or visit our website: Italmatch USA North American Headquarters 21 East Front Street Red Bank, NJ 771 USA Tel: (732) Fax: (732) info@italmatchgroup.com HINA FFIE ITALMATH INTERNATINAL TRADING (SHANGHAI)., LTD Room 73, ine ity, 8 Dong`an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 232.R. hina Tel: Fax: JAAN FFIE ITALMATH JAAN LTD Burex Kojimachi 5F, Kojimachi, hiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan Tel: Fax: info@italmatchgroup.com SINGARE FFIE ITALMATH SINGARE TE LTD No. 1 Kim Seng romenade #17-2 Great World ity East Tower Singapore Tel: Fax: infoasia@italmatchgroup.com Belgium (Marketing and Innovation enter) ITALMATH BELGIUM SRL arc Scientifique Fleming Rue Laid Burniat Louvain-La-Neuve Belgium Tel: +32 () Fax: +32 () info@italmatchgroup.com Italy (Europe/Africa/Middle East ustomer Service enter) Italmatch hemicals S.p.A. Via Vismara Arese Italy Tel: Fax: customercare@italmatchgroup.com The information in this bulletin is to the best of our knowledge true and accurate but all instructions, recommendations or suggestions are made without guarantee. Since the conditions of use are beyond their control, Italmatch hemicals S.p.A. and its subsidiaries disclaim any liability for loss or damage suffered from use of these data and suggestions. Furthermore, no liability is accepted if use of any product in accordance with these data or suggestions infringes any patent.