Materials for Space applications: on-orbit experiments of Tor Vergata and new perspectives

Transcription

1 Materials for Space applications: on-orbit experiments of Tor Vergata and new perspectives Fabrizio Quadrini Tel Mobile University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico, Roma, Italia Technology and Manufacturing fabrizio.quadrini@uniroma2.it WORKSHOP May 17th, 2016

2 Shape memory materials SM materials are materials which are able to freeze a secondary shape and to recover the original one by means of an external stimulus (heat) Shape memory alloys, polymers, and composites Space applications: from volume reduction to self-deployable structures W.M. Huang, C.W. Lee, H.P. Teo, J. Int. Mat. Sys. Str. 17 (2006) 753 Solar sails (U.S. Air Force graphic) Space cleaning

3 SMP foams and SMP composites by Tor Vergata PMCs with shape memory polymers (SMPs) Thermo-mechanical cycle SMPs and SMCs Cooling Loading Heating Heating Cooling Loading Heating Heating

4 Solid state foaming of SMP foams New foaming method simpler than conventional ones (no blowing agent) Homogeneous closed-cell thermoset foams with excellent mechanical properties muffle tablet steel mold for foaming thermosetting powder foam mold for powder compression

5 Shape memory behavior of SMP foams Still platens Constant load Heating Temperature effect Combination of temperature effect and degradation Freezing Hot gun Thermocouple Memorized SMP Maximum load Degradation begin Stop Heating Pre-load = 1 N Load, N Time, min

6 I-FOAM Shuttle Mission STS May 2011 Experiment on ISS The idea of using shape memory epoxy foams produced by solid state foaming has been rewarded by the Italian Space Agency and the Italian Air Force which selected this new material for an experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment was held on May 2011, thanks to the last mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, and results are now available. THE GOAL Evaluating the recovery behaviour under different loading conditions during storing: compression, flexure and torsion

7 The concept design of the experiment Three configurations: Compression Flexure Torsion On ground experiments Maximum actuation load as a function of the recovery percentage 45% 35%

8 BIOKON University of Rome Tor Vergata The experimental system The experiment was performed by an autonomous device contained in the BIOKON container, composed of control and heating system, battery pack and data acquisition system, developed by Kayser Italia.

9 ISS experiment

10 On-orbit experiment results The final recovery of the foams was 10% for the compression configuration, 72% for the flexure (i.e an angular rotation of 130 ) and 71% for the torsion (i.e. an angular rotation of 128 ) Effect of the heating conditions

11 The second experiment: Ribes_FOAM2 20 April 2013 BION-M1 Mission Soyuz-2 launch vehicle Spring Compression configuration Actuator 180 folded SMPC

12 Ribes_FOAM2 Experiment Compression configuration Before flight Post flight before after

13 Ribes_FOAM2 Experiment

14 Large size SMCs SM core SM joints

15 Large size SMCs SMP interlayer 3 M Scotchkote 206 N CFR SMP Interlayer SMP layer CFR prepregs (HexPly by Hexcel) 42 wt% epoxy resin content

16 Properties of SMPCs and new prototypes 0.20 Endothermic -->, W/g CFR prepreg, 2 scan Tg 103 C Tg 120 C 0.05 SMP epoxy Temperature, C Storage modulus, GPa GPa 95 C 116 C 3.2 GPa Temperature, C Lossa factor

17 New perspectives prototypes

18 SMPC hands

19 Additional functional properties Anti-bacterial surfaces (nanocomposites and hierarchical surfaces) Nano-coating fragmentation

20 Materials for Space applications: on-orbit experiments of Tor Vergata and new perspectives Fabrizio Quadrini Tel Mobile University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico, Roma, Italia Technology and Manufacturing fabrizio.quadrini@uniroma2.it Thank you WORKSHOP May 17th, 2016