AVIATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE: MAPPING GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO ACTION PAGE 6. Green Flight Times. Aviation s energy revolution takes off

Transcription

1 LUFTHANSA PUTS ITS AIRCRAFT INTERIORS ON A DIET FOR LOWER FUEL USE PAGE SPECIAL REPORT: AVIATION BIOFUELS ARE TAKING FLIGHT AROUND THE WORLD PAGE 4 AVIATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE: MAPPING GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO ACTION PAGE 6 WINGS OF A DIFFERENT KIND: EAST MIDLANDS AIRPORT INSTALLS WIND TURBINES PAGE 9 FACTS & FIGURES: IF AVIATION WERE A COUNTRY, IT WOULD RANK 21st IN GDP BACK PAGE Environmental news from across the aviation industry Edition #6 May - October 2011 Produced by ATAG Emissions-reducing iflex flight route trial a success MONTREAL The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has announced the successful completion of the first iflex trial between Johannesburg and Atlanta. The iflex concept provides for a greater and more flexible choice of routes on long-haul operations which cross multiple flight information regions to deliver shorter flight times, improved, fuel efficiency and reduced CO2 emissions while maintaining safety. With iflex airlines will be able to fly more optimum routings that take maximum advantage of wind conditions. While airlines have long planned flights considering wind conditions, air traffic management restrictions often limited flexibility within fixed corridors on parts of routings. The innovation that iflex brings is the flexibility to extend this practice consistently across the entire journey. Delta Air Lines reported that the implementation of the iflex concept between Johannesburg and Atlanta resulted in average time saving per flight of eight minutes, equating to 900 kg of fuel and 2.9 tonnes of CO2. Annualised and on the basis of two daily flights, this translates to savings of some 100 hours of flight, 690 tonnes of fuel and a reduction of 2,150 tonnes of CO2 emitted. A more flexible routing structure also provides a safety benefit in that airlines have more options to avoid adverse weather. Routing decisions can be taken at the planning stage to avoid potential tactical en-route deviations that can significantly increase controller and pilot workload. The additional benefit of leveraging route flexibility to avoid weather is that it also can reduce the need for carriage of contingency fuel. The iflex implementation did not change existing air traffic management procedures, iflex trial Pre iflex route Atlanta - Johannesburg LATEST NEWS iflex route 1 June 2011 Reduced flight time by 17 mins, saved 7 tonnes of CO2. iflex route 15 August 2011 Reduced flight time by 1 mins and saved 5 tonnes of CO2. separation standards or communication, navigation or surveillance requirements. In certain areas, short cuts (direct routings) given by different air traffic control authorities, on a day-to-day basis, were formalised. This formalisation provides better situational awareness for all airspace users. The iflex initiative is the culmination of eight months of work between IATA, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Civil Air Navigation Services Organization (CANSO), the Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar, CAA s in Ghana, Trinidad and Tobago, Antilles Guyane, Cabo Verde, Delta Air Lines and Emirates Airline. The routings were made available to all operators as of 25 August. Several projects in the Asia-Pacific region have similar goals. For example, IATA is working to introduce more flexible routes over the Pacific that will shorten flying times by 10 minutes and save 750,000 tonnes of CO2. Speaking at the Greener Skies 2011 conference in Hong Kong, IATA Director General Tony Tyler said, Along with the air traffic management mega-projects of NextGen in the US and the Single European Sky with its promised 16 million tonne CO2 reduction, it is time for Asia to start thinking of a Seamless Asian Sky. The region is growing rapidly. Coordinated efforts now by industry and government will avoid a future mess that will be costly to fix. iflex route 28 July 2011 Reduced flight time by 11 mins and saved over 4 tonnes of CO2. Boeing, ANA Celebrate First 7 Dreamliner Delivery EVERETT Boeing celebrated the delivery of the first 7 Dreamliner to launch customer ANA on 26 September during a ceremony next to the factory where the aircraft was assembled. More than 500 employees representing the 7 programme walked alongside the all-new jetliner to present it to ANA executives as a crowd of thousands looked on. During the ceremony, Boeing Commercial Airplanes CEO Jim Albaugh presented a ceremonial key to Shinichiro Ito, CEO of ANA. Made from composite materials, the 7 provides airlines with unprecedented fuel economy and low operating costs and features a host of new technologies that greatly enhance the passenger experience. Aviation s energy revolution takes off GENEVA Since the beginning of the jet age, aviation has been using basically the same type of fuel: Jet A-1. It is produced from fossil oil and last year it cost airlines $140 billion to buy. It also released 649 million tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere - around 2% of the world s man-made CO2 emissions. The last decade has seen the aviation sector unveil a large number of projects, technologies and operational efficiencies to bring down the amount of fuel it consumes and the emissions it produces. But the fuel has remained the same. Until now, that is. On 1 July 2011, airlines received approval from the global standards agency ASTM International that they can use up to 50% biofuel made from the Hydrotreated Renewable Jet (HRJ) process blended with conventional jet fuel on passenger flights. This followed an earlier ruling that biofuel made from a Biomass to Liquid (BtL) process was approved for commercial flight. It has been a busy three years, says Paul Steele, Executive Director of the Geneva based Air Transport Action Group, From a position where many thought it could not be achieved for technical reasons in 2007, we are now seeing airlines running passenger flights on biofuels and a whole industry being developed to supply airlines. The endorsement of this specification is significant for all consumers of jet fuel, bringing the airline industry one step closer to of widespread production of cleaner, alternative fuels that will help meet our environmental goals while enhancing the security and competitiveness of our energy supply, said ATA President and CEO Nicholas E. Calio. Road transport has had access to biofuels for a number of years, but this was the firstgeneration producing an ethanol fuel unsuitable for aviation use. Apart from the technical inability to use first-generation sources of biofuel, there were well publicised impacts on food security and land use from those biofuels. We are determined not to repeat the same mistakes and so the biofuels we are using will be quite different to road transport, said Steele. The fuel, which could bring carbon dioxide savings of around 80% over current fuel, will be produced from a portfolio of different feedstocks. Some, like camelina and jatropha are non-food crops, which can be grown in conditions where food crops cannot be grown, or in rotation with food. Others, like algae, can be grown in conditions unsuitable for food. There are also a number of projects looking at utilising waste streams forestry, agricultural and municipal organic waste can all be used to produce biofuels for aviation. In fact, 1 airlines have signed agreements with Solena, a US-based bioenergy company, to build plants in London, California, Rome and Sydney. Each plant is expected to convert 500,000 tonnes of household organic waste into 16 million gallons of jet biofuel each year. For British Airways, one of the airlines involved, this would provide enough fuel to power its operations at London City Airport each year. Dutch airline KLM feels so confident of the role biofuels will play in the future of aviation, that it has set up a subsidiary company, SkyNRG, which will produce and supply biofuel to any airline. This company has already supplied KLM, Finnair and Thomson Airways with fuel from used cooking oil for passenger flights. Other flights, undertaken by Lufthansa, Interjet and Aeromexico, have used fuel from other sources. Co n t i n u e s Page 4 Main image: Camelina plants Top to bottom insets: Salicornia, Jatropha and Algae all provide potential sources of feedstock for aviation biofuels. This publication is a digest of press releases and other announcements issued by partners across the aviation industry from May - October It is not fully comprehensive, but provides a snapshot of the work being undertaken around the world by all parts of the aviation industry. Readers are encouraged to visit for the latest environmental news. Printed on 100% recycled paper. Instead of simply recycling this paper yourself, pass it on to someone else first. Copyright 2011 Air Transport Action Group Geneva, Switzerland

2 2 NEWS Honeywell and Safran joint venture to launch new green taxiing system PARIS Honeywell and French aerospace leader Safran have signed a memorandum of understanding to create a joint venture company to deliver an innovative new electric green taxiing system for new and existing aircraft. Honeywell and Safran expect it to be installed on new aircraft and retrofitted on to existing planes, beginning in The new taxiing system will significantly improve airline operational efficiency and provide environmental benefits by slashing the carbon and other emissions created during runway taxi operations. Taxiing burns a significant amount of fuel current industry analysis indicates that the world s short-haul aircraft consume five million tonnes of fuel per year during taxi operations. The new electric green taxiing system offered by the Honeywell-Safran joint venture company will save customers up to 4% of the total fuel consumption all while providing green benefits that significantly reduce the carbon and other emissions produced by taxiing at ground level. Honeywell and Safran will leverage the plane s Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) genera- tor to power electrical motors in the aircraft s main wheels without using main engines during aircraft ground operations, thereby cutting costs, emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. The new partnership capitalises on the two companies complementary product strengths Honeywell s auxiliary power experience and Safran s world-class landing gear systems. Both companies will contribute expertise in electric power, mechanical systems and systems integration, as well as their combined well-established credibility for innovation. Aircraft equipped with this new electric green taxiing system will be able to pushback and go more quickly thus reducing gate and tarmac congestion, improving on time departure performance and saving valuable time on the ground. Fuel savings are not the only operational cost this aircraft electric green taxiing system will address. The system will eliminate the need for tugging and associated equipment costs, and it reduces both brake wear and taxes based on carbon emissions. Airbus and DLR test autonomous taxiing TOULOUSE Airbus is strongly engaged in developing greener aircraft and increasing the eco-efficiency of its modern product line. One of the most promising contributors for emission free ground operation is fuel cell technology. Together with its research partner DLR, Airbus is examining the potential of this technology, its integration into the aircraft and has already successfully performed the first flight test on a civil transport aircraft in 2008, where a fuel cell system provided power for the aircraft s back-up systems. In order to gain more details on the potential of fuel cell technology as supply for electric power in aircraft ground operation, a DLR designed technology demonstrator has been installed in the DLR owned A20 fuel cell test aircraft at the Airbus site in Hamburg. The technology demonstrator consists of a fuel cell powering an electric motor which drives the nose landing gear wheels allowing the aircraft to taxi autonomously. The objective of these tests is to further validate the potential of the integrated fuel cell technology for powering future aircraft functionalities such as autonomous taxiing. The data collected in the tests will be analysed by Airbus and the DLR to further develop the overall integration of this technology and potential further optimisation possibilities. Embraer and GE Aviation in biofuel trials São José dos Campos Embraer and GE held a series of biofuel test flights with an Embraer 170 jet flying from the company s Gavião Peixoto facilities. The purpose of the tests was to benchmark the operational characteristics of the aircraft and its GE CF4-8E engines when powered by HEFA (Hydro-processed Esters and Fatty Acids) fuel under a broad range of unique flight conditions. The flights involved powering one of the two GE engines with a mix of 50% HEFA (derived from camelina) with Jet-A. Following the recent approval of biomass-based HEFA fuels by ASTM, Embraer and GE have stepped up their efforts with the objective of supporting the development of a broader range of sustainable biofuels for aviation. With these tests, both companies confirmed that technical plans and procedures for future fuels testing are robust, enabling value-added and timely testing of additional fuels. We have a strong and longstanding commitment to developing efficient and environmentally responsible products. This series of tests, and their very positive results, gives us a lot of new information to continue our sustainability program as it relates to future products, said Mauro Kern, Embraer Executive Vice President of Engineering and Technology. Supporting the development and deployment of sustainable aviation biofuels is one of the industry s top priorities, and we are firmly engaged in that effort. The series of flights, which happened in August 2011, set the stage for further biofuel development programmes that Embraer and GE will undertake with fuel produced from additional feedstocks and production pathways under consideration by the industry. These fuels are currently under study by fuel providers worldwide, including many in Brazil. GE Aviation study shows potential savings for airlines WASHINGTON Airlines could save at least $65.6 million annually while slashing carbon emissions and cutting flight times by implementing new flight paths at 46 mid-size airports across the US, according to study results released by GE Aviation. The findings of the study, Highways in the Sky, come at a critical time in the debate on the future of our aging national air traffic control infrastructure, where additional investment is increasingly measured against proven benefits to the economy, environment and the traveller. GE s Highways in the Sky study illustrates the potential for significant economic and environmental benefit of near-term deployment of Required Navigation Performance (RNP) landing approaches. Although the study focused on 46 mid-sized U.S. airports, the data and analysis supports accelerated deployment of RNP at any airport. GE s study of the 46 airports concludes that deployment of RNP instrument arrivals would annually save: nearly 1 million gallons of jet fuel, or over 500 round-trip flights from New York to Los Angeles; $65.6 million, a saving equivalent to the full-time salary of 1,57 middle-class jobs; million pounds of CO2, equal to the carbon absorbed every year by 1,84,095 trees; and 747 days of flight time, or roughly two years and 17 days in the sky. We are facing a serious global challenge as air traffic increases and our skies become more and more congested, said Lorraine Bolsinger, President and CEO of GE Aviation Systems. This is an opportunity to provide tangible benefits to every stakeholder; responsible growth of an essential industry, better asset utilisation, lower fuel burn and cost for airlines, greater throughput for airports and ANSPs, fewer delays for passengers, lower emissions and noise for communities and reduced dependence on foreign oil. RNP technology allows aircraft to fly precisely-defined trajectories without relying on outdated, ground-based radio-navigation signals. Independence from a fixed, ground based infrastructure, linked with the inherent precision of satellite navigation and advanced computer technology aboard the aircraft allow the creation of shorter, more consistent and more efficient flight paths. The consistency and efficiency of the new flight paths can reduce flight delays helping to alleviate costly air traffic congestion. ICAO, the International Civil Aviation Organization, has predicted that efficiencies made possible by RNP alone can cut global CO2 emissions by 1 million tonnes per year. In many locations around the world, RNP is already demonstrating significant benefits. In Brisbane, government sponsored trials demonstrated that RNP instrument approach procedures saved aircraft operators 882,000 pounds of jet fuel a year, even though only 18% of the aircraft were capable of flying the procedures. Based on those results, Airservices Australia is implementing RNP at 28 airports nationwide, which it expects will save operators nearly 86 million pounds of jet fuel each year. Aircraft end-of-life design discussed at AFRA annual meeting WASHINGTON Dr Andy Clifton, Sustainable Development Manager at Rolls- Royce, speaking at the Aircraft Fleet Recycling Association s (AFRA s) Annual Meeting in Washington, stressed the importance of integrating end-of-life planning into the product design process. Dr Clifton described how the engine manufacturer is investigating both methodologies and technologies for evaluating likely disposal scenarios for their products. These are intended to support efforts to retain the maximum amount of material within the supply chain and minimise the environmental and economic impacts associated with product end of life. Dr Clifton told the conference: In considering the end-of life of aerospace products the key issue is not simply reducing waste but ensuring that the maximum amount of strategic materials possible is retained in the supply chain and continues to contribute to the sustainability of the aerospace industry. Airbus advances A20neo date Dates announced for Aviation & Environment Summit 2012 The is published by the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG). Route de l Aéroport, Geneva 1215, Switzerland May - October 2011 Boeing launches efficient 77 MAX SEATTLE The Boeing Company has launched the new engine variant of the market-leading 77, based on order commitments for 496 airplanes from five airlines and a strong business case. The new 77 family will be powered by CFM International LEAP-1B engines optimised for the 77. Deliveries are scheduled to begin in Customers tell us they want to improve profitability and fuel efficiency while reducing their environmental footprint, said Boeing Commercial Airplanes President and CEO Jim Albaugh. This solution meets all three of those needs. TOULOUSE In December 2010, Airbus announced a decision that had been a talking point in industry circles for 18 months the go ahead to offer new fuel saving engines as an option for its best-selling A20 Family. Airbus has received a total of 1245 orders and commitments for A20neo Family aircraft from 22 different customers, and has responded to this market reception by bringing forward the entry-into-service date from 2016 to October As new engine technologies become available in the middle of this decade, Airbus is committed to providing its customers with the latest and most eco-efficient technologies to reduce environmental impact while improving aircraft performance. Known as the A20neo Family, (neo for new engine option ), this new development will also incorporate fuel-saving large wing tip devices called Sharklets and also bring significant emission reductions and improved payload-range. The new engine options are CFM International s LEAP-X engine and Pratt & Whitney s PurePower PW1100G engine. The neo will be offered on the A19, A20 and A21. The new models will have When compared to a fleet of 100 of today s most fuel-efficient airplanes, this new model will emit 277,000 fewer tonnes of CO2 and save nearly 175 million pounds of fuel per year, which translates into $85 million in cost savings. The Next-Generation 77 programme has continuously improved the products, features and services that provide increasing value to customers. Today s Next-Generation 77s are up to 7% more fuel-efficient than the first airplanes delivered in Boeing forecasts global demand for more than 2,000 airplanes in the 77 s market segment over the next 20 years at a value of nearly $2 trillion. over 95% airframe commonality with the existing models of the A20 Family, making it an easy fit into existing fleets. Limited modifications, primarily to the wing and pylon areas will be incorporated. Airbus new Sharklet large wingtip devices, specially designed to enhance the ecoefficiency and payload-range performance of the A20 Family, will be delivered on current A20s from the end of 2012, to be followed by the other A20 Family models from 201. The A20neo will deliver significant fuel savings of up to 15%, which equates to up to,600 tonnes of CO2 savings annually per aircraft. A20neo will also offer a doubledigit reduction in NOx emissions, reduced engine noise and typically up to 500nm (900 km) more range or two tonnes more payload. We are confident that the A20neo will be a great success across all markets and with all types of operators, offering them maximum benefit with minimum change. We are leveraging a reliable, mature aircraft and are making it even more efficient and environmentally friendly. said Tom Enders, Airbus President and CEO. GENEVA The Air Transport Action Group has announced that the next global Aviation & Environment Summit will take place in Geneva on 21 and 22 March The event, widely seen as the premier gathering of aviation industry environmental leaders, will take place just a few months before the United Nations Rio+20 Earth Summit. For more information, visit Publication produced in early October 2011 from press releases issued by partners across the aviation sector. ATAG bears no responsibility for the accuracy of the content of these press releases which are supplied for information purposes only. ATAG 2011

3 Supporting a Greener Future for Flight NEWS Thai Airways and Aerothai join Asia-Pacific flight efficiency initiative Captain Kittivaj Mongkonpruthangkoon, Chief Test Pilot and Flight Officer Naruj Komalarajun, VP of Operations Support Department pilot Thai s first ASPIRE flight. BANGKOK Thai Airways International and Thailand s national air traffic control provider Aerothai have recently joined the Asia and South Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emissions (ASPIRE), which is designed to make aircraft operations more efficient in order to reduce aviation greenhouse gas emissions. A demonstration roundtrip flight from Bangkok to Auckland took place in early May in the form of a perfect flight, aiming to reduce fuel consumption and be environmentally friendly by utilising the most efficient, advanced technologies and procedures. Flight officer Naruj Komalarajun said that the ASPIRE flight was a good opportunity to demonstrate Thai Airways fuel management Nanotechnology - an easy route to improved fuel efficiency? LONDON UK-based low cost carrier easyjet announced that it is the first commercial airline to trial a revolutionary nano-technology coating on its aircraft aimed at reducing drag and increasing fuel efficiency. The ultra thin coating, already used on US military aircraft, is a polymer that cross links and bonds to the paint surface and only adds an estimated 4oz to the weight of the aircraft. The coating reduces the build-up of debris on the aircraft's structure, leading edge and other surfaces, reducing drag on the surface of the aircraft. The manufacturers of the coating estimate that it could reduce easyjet's fuel consumption by 1-2%. The airline has coated eight aircraft and will compare their fuel consumption with the rest of the fleet during a 12 month trial period. Lufthansa puts its aircraft interiors on a diet 00kg per aircraft best practices, which the airline has been implementing since 2008, reducing unnecessary weight on aircraft and reducing carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions. In preparation for the flight, operated by a Boeing ER, the aircraft underwent an engine wash to help reduce fuel consumption by 0.6% and an airframe wash for aerodynamic efficiency. The airline reported that the best practices deployed allowed the flight to decrease fuel consumption by around 2%. The success of the ASPIRE flight will support flight operation standards that generate effective fuel consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. 28,50 tonnes CO2 annually Virgin Australia to develop unique Australian biofuel PERTH Virgin Australia has announced that it has partnered with Renewable Oil Corporation, Dynamotive Energy Systems Corporation and Future Farm Industries Cooperative Research Centre to develop a sustainable aviation biofuel that also has benefits for the Australian farming community and the environment. In a world first, the consortium plans to use innovative fast pyrolysis technology developed by Dynamotive to process mallees, a eucalypt tree that can be grown sustainably in many parts of Australia. The partnership brings together companies with special expertise in growing, harvesting and processing feedstock into aviation fuel to NEW SEATS The figures by themselves are impressive: Lufthansa is installing some 2,000 new seats on more than 180 aircraft in its short and medium-haul fleet within the space of just one year. This will create a new travel experience and ensure greater passenger comfort. Importantly, the new seats will also help the airline reduce emissions. As the newly designed Recaro seats take up less room than the previous seats, up to two additional rows of seats can be installed on each aircraft. Lufthansa will thus be able to offer about 2,000 additional seats, which is equivalent to the capacity of twelve Airbus A20s. In all, Lufthansa is investing about 170 million in its new cabin as part of a comprehensive programme to revamp the airline s inflight product. The new seat is also a real bonus from an ecological point of view. Thanks to the materials used and the seat s innovative structure, each row of seats is more than 12 kg lighter than the previous seat rows. That is equivalent to an almost 0% reduction in weight, which in turns lowers specific fuel consumption. In spite of the additional rows of seats in the cabin, the empty weight of a Boeing 77, for example, is thus reduced by more than 00kg. In addition, the Lufthansa Group is pioneering the use of a lighter, chrome-free and thus more environmentally friendly leather for the seat upholstery. NEW CATERING TROLLEYS Almost 0,000 new service trolleys will be taken into service on Lufthansa flights over the next three years. This summer, the airline will begin replacing its previous trolley equipment with the new Quantum Light Weight Trolley. The new model will not only ease the work process for flight attendants but will also have a positive ecological impact. The introduction of the Quantum trolley, which is one third lighter than its predecessor, will save about 9,000 tonnes of kerosene and 28,50 tonnes of CO2 annually. They will be introduced gradually until mid-2014 on all Lufthansa's long-haul intercontinental flights. A jury of international aviation experts voted the Quantum Light Weight Trolley the most innovative inflight product and presented the Crystal Cabin Award to Lufthansa in May The trolley, which was developed by LSG Sky Chefs, is made entirely of light-weight composites and is the only aircraft cabin service trolley of its kind available on the market. Both the manufacturing process and the materials used are hitherto unique. The Quantum Light Weight Trolley is manufactured by Norduyn, a specialist in light-weight materials based in Montreal, Canada, and an exclusive partner of LSG Sky Chefs. NEW CARGO AND LUGGAGE CONTAINERS From autumn 2011, the container fleet at Lufthansa and Lufthansa Cargo will be partially replaced by new containers made of a light plastic material. The new containers are up to 15% lighter and therefore also a true benefit for the environment. This means that kerosene consumption can be lowered by about 2,180 tonnes per year and Lufthansa will save 6,867 tonnes of CO2. A total of 5,000 containers are being replaced. Lufthansa Cargo and Jettainer, a Lufthansa Cargo subsidiary, which deals with the logistics management of the transport containers, have carried out extensive on-board testing of the new containers, which will be used both for transporting passengers luggage as well as for cargo shipments. All the security and handling properties were included in the tests. The result: the containers need fewer repairs than conventional transport containers made of aluminium and satisfy all the necessary standards. support the development of a full scale commercial plant in Western Australia. Virgin Australia CEO John Borghetti said: Over the past few years Virgin Australia has been working with stakeholders across the industry to research and develop bio-derived renewable fuels that can be used to progressively replace conventional aviation fuels. We believe this new project has great potential given the results with the technology and the availability of this unique Australian feedstock. It is also particularly attractive to Virgin Australia because it aligns with our commitment to supporting the Australian economy and environment, and encouraging Australian innovation, Mr Borghetti said. Dynamotive has invested in excess of $100 million and more than 10 years of work in developing its fast pyrolysis technology from bench-scale through to commercial-scale plants in Canada. The plants are equipped to make pyrolysis oil for fuels and also produce biochar, for soil improvement and carbon sequestration. Already more than 1,000 farmers have planted mallees in belts on their farms, mainly in Western Australia. Later this year the partnership will bring a prototype hardwood biomass harvester to Western Australia for wide-scale demonstrations. Renewable Oil Corporation, which identified the mallee tree as a promising biofuel feedstock, is Dynamotive s Australian partner and develops biofuel projects in Australia. CEO Colin Stucley summed up: We are excited about the potential of this consortium. It offers world-class biofuel technology, and a unique Australian feedstock. We look forward to supplying commercial quantities of renewable biofuels for use by Virgin Australia and building this new business. The consortium is currently finalising plans for a demonstration unit that will make bio-fuels for testing, certification and public trials. The demonstration unit is intended to be operational in 2012, followed by the construction of a commercial-scale plant, which could be operational as early as Wings of Phoenix win Airbus Fly Your Ideas TOULOUSE The first prize of 0,000 in Airbus Fly Your Ideas 2011 competition was awarded to Team Wings of Phoenix from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (China) at a ceremony held at the International Paris Air Show Le Bourget today. The team members, along with all the finalists, will also be offered an internship at Airbus. The Airbus Fly Your Ideas (FYI) biennial contest challenges students worldwide to develop new ideas to deliver a more ecoefficient aviation industry for the future. Team Wings of Phoenix won for their suggestion of a ground-based wind power generation system that exploits the wakes of aircraft generated during takeoff and landing. Their idea involves the placement of a series of leaf-shaped devices along the sides of airport runways that are perturbed by passing aircraft, recovering energy that is otherwise lost. The team considered the electro-mechanical conceptual design of their leaves and the potential to generate electrical power while meeting airport safety regulations. The winning team is comprised of: Xinyuan Zheng, Lijun Pan, Xianmei Wu, Xuesong Liu and Kai Xu. To participate in the 2011 Fly Your Ideas challenge was a great experience for us. We are very proud to be the winning team and hope our idea will inspire the industry, said Xinyuan Zheng, spokesperson for Team Wings of Phoenix. The runner-up prize of 15,000 went to Team Condor from Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María in Chile for their proposal on an alternative design for aerodynamic speed brakes to recover energy for on-board reuse. Spanish team Ecolution, from the Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid, was awarded the Best Video prize for the creative way they presented their project, the implementation of light-weight natural fibre composites in aircraft cargo containers. Tom Enders, Airbus President and CEO, said: Innovation is the essential ingredient for maintaining our industry s license to grow, and the Fly Your Ideas competition is a unique opportunity for students worldwide to promote their ideas for the sustainable future of flight. It is also a strong lever to engage with the next generation of talent who will push the limits of research and technology further. 15% lighter

4 4 SPECIAL REPORT May - October 2011 Aviation s energy revolution takes off Continued From Front Page We have seen an exciting uptake of biofuels for passenger flights since the ASTM ruling, says Steele, The airlines involved have been paying more than they normally would for Jet A-1, but this is in an effort to help kick-start the supply and use of jet biofuel. The big challenge for us now is to normalise the use of biofuel in flight, ensure the quantities needed are there and bring the cost into line with conventional jet fuel, all the while ensuring that the sustainability standards are maintained. Currently, biofuels for aviation are around two-to-five times as costly as Jet A-1. But when you consider that this is an industry in its infancy and that airlines could only start using them a couple of months ago, we have a long way to catch up with the century-old fossil fuel industry. Steele is confident that with the right assistance from governments and the scaling up of supply, it won t be too long before biofuels are on a par with using normal jet fuel. The Air Transport Action Group has recently released a publication, Powering the Future of Flight, which aims to provide governments with pointers as to how they can assist the industry in commercialising aviation biofuels. The six easy steps include: 1) Foster research into new feedstock sources and refining processes: The industry is unlikely to rely on a single feedstock. Some feedstocks are better suited to some climates and locations than others. Therefore, it is expected that ultimately there will be a portfolio of biofuel sources developed and a variety of regional supply chains. 2) De-risk public and private investments in aviation biofuels: Governments can play a role in reducing the risk involved in private investors setting up aviation biofuel production through measures such as loan guarantees, tax incentives, grants and co-financing for pilot and demonstration projects. They can also provide a level playing field with biodiesel by providing similar fiscal and price incentives in order to catalyse establishment of the sector. ) Provide incentives for airlines to use biofuels from an early stage: Policymakers can foster development of aviation biofuel by recognising the unique role it can have in reducing the aviation s environmental impacts. Aircraft cannot use alternative renewable energy sources available to other sectors such as plug-in, wind, solar or hydroelectric power. Crafting policies that create a level playing field for biofuels vis-à-vis other energy sources, and aviation vis-à-vis other sectors, is a key element in aviation biofuels commercialisation. 4) Encourage stakeholders to commit to robust international sustainability criteria: Sustainability standards are being established Projects to explore the value chain and sustainability criteria of biofuels for aviation are taking place worldwide. Here is a small selection of some of the many projects underway. 1 SeaGreen with Cranfield University: algae biofuels grown in sea water 8 Detroit Airport will devote space around its airfield to grow aviation biofuel crops 15 Masdar and the aviation industry launch the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Centre in the United Arab Emirates 2 Solena and British Airways: biofuel for aviation produced from municipal waste 9 Sustainable Aviation Fuels Northwest project: biofuels for flight and ground vehicles 16 Aviation industry work with other stakeholders to launch the Qatar Advanced Biofuel Research Platform EU Flightpath for Biofuels: 2 million tonnes by Solena and 10 US airlines, through ATA, sign an agreement for a new biofuel plant 17 Aviation stakeholders and fuel supplier PetroChina work on a project for sustainable aviation biofuels 4 AIREG: German biofuel for aviation project, airlines and government working together 11 Farm to fly: airlines, government and farmers work explore value chain opportunities 18 Chinese Government and aviation stakeholders launch Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Aviation Biofuels 5 Romanian camelina value chain project 12 Plan de Vuelo for aviation biofuels 19 Virgin Australia initiative develops biofuel from native eucalyptus 6 Spanish camelina value chain project 1 Jatropha Value Chain project in Brazil 20 Solena and Qantas sign agreement for biofuels made from municipal waste 7 Algae production trial at Madrid Airport with AENA, Iberia and AlgaEnergy 14 ABRABA: Aviation stakeholders, farmers and fuel suppliers work together for biofuel 21 Airlines and researchers in Australia and New Zealand develop biofuels roadmap that will provide suppliers, investors and customers with clear guidelines as to what is considered to be a sustainable biofuel. Some key sustainability criteria for aviation fuels could include the following elements: will not displace, or compete with, food crops or cause deforestation; minimise impact on biodiversity; produce substantially lower life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions than conventional fossil fuels; will be certified sustainable with respect to land, water and energy use; and deliver positive socioeconomic impact. These criteria need to be developed on a global level for a global industry like aviation an airline needs to have the confidence that a fuel considered sustainable in one part of the world will be similarly received in another. 5) Understand local green growth opportunities: Sustainable aviation biofuel doesn t only bring environmental benefits for aviation, it can also foster the development of a new industry. Given the diversity of feedstocks that aviation is considering, there are few places on earth that could not support some development of a new, sustainable, energy industry. 6) Establish coalitions encompassing all parts of the supply chain: Experience has shown that there are many benefits to be gained from collaboration across the various stakeholder groups involved in all aspects of aviation biofuel production and use. These groups can bring together parties who have not traditionally needed to work together, such as aviation stakeholder, academia, agricultural audiences, regulators and NGOs. These partnerships can ensure sustainability and value Powerin future of g the flight The six easy step s to via chain arrangements are robust. Steele comments, Unlike other transport modes, aviation has no clean energy alternative to liquid fuel available in the foreseeable future. Therefore, aviation should be prioritised for biofuel use. So far, we have achieved much of the progress ourselves. There is confidence that biofuels can be a very significant part of every airline s future. From policymakers, the industry is looking for encouragement and the right set of legal, fiscal and policy responses to ensure this exciting new energy stream can bear fruit as quickly as possible. The publication Powering the Future of Flight can be downloaded from the following website: ble aviat growing a ls indust ry ion biofue April Municipal waste gets a new life... as jet fuel in Northern California WASHINGTON The Air Transport Association of America (ATA), announced that a core group of airlines has signed letters of intent with Solena Fuels for a future supply of jet fuel derived exclusively from biomass to be produced in northern California. Solena s GreenSky California biomassto-liquids facility in Northern California will utilise post-recycled urban and agricultural wastes to produce up to 16 million gallons of neat jet fuel per year by 2015 to support airline operations at Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose. The project will divert approximately 550,000 tonnes of waste that otherwise would go to a landfill while producing jet fuel with lower emissions of greenhouse gases and local pollutants than petroleumbased fuels. American Airlines and United Continental led the development of the agreement with Solena and were joined by five additional ATA member airlines Alaska Airlines, FedEx, JetBlue Airways, Southwest Airlines and US Airways and ATA associate member Air Canada in signing the letters of intent, as well as Frontier Airlines and Lufthansa German Airlines. Solena has also signed agreements with British Airways to develop a similar plant in London, Alitalia for one in Rome and Qantas Airways for a facility in Sydney. ATA commends initiative to enhance viability of biofuels for aviation WASHINGTON The Air Transport Association of America (ATA), has commended the announcement of the US departments of Agriculture and Energy, and the Navy to invest up to $510 million over three years in a public-private partnership to produce advanced drop-in aviation and marine biofuels as part of the administration s plan for enabling America s energy security. make the fuels commercially viable. ATA remains committed to doing its part through its ongoing initiatives, including the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI), the Strategic Alliance for Alternative Fuels with the US military, and the Farm-to-Fly programme with the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Boeing, to further the development and deployment of sustainable alternative aviation fuels. The USDA, the Department of Energy and the Navy are doing what the federal government did in jump-starting the Internet, satellite systems and other backbone infrastructure working with industry to help make these ventures self-sustaining, Calio said. ergy potential, its rotational crop qualities, its green house gas reduction potential and its low water requirements. Camelina is also indigenous to Romania, and can be readily farmed and harvested by family farmers. industry. A later expansion of activities to the European level remains conceivable at all times. Research and industry in Germany launch initiative for aviation biofuels Wayne County Airport Authority, operator of Detroit Metropolitan Airport and Willow Run Airport, has partnered with Michigan State University Extension Office to grow, harvest and process bioenergy crops on airport-owned property. This strategic initiative the first of its kind in the Midwest represents a commitment to sustainable aviation in part through the promotion and development of aviation biofuels. Together, the airports have around 1,700 acres of property that is potentially suitable for bioenergy cropping. As a participant in this project, WCAA has leased to MSU Extension three acres of airport-owned land on which biofuel crops have been planted and will soon be harvested, refined, and tested. The crops planted include canola and oriental mustard seed. With airlines and ground support vehicles at DTW using more than one million gallons of jet fuel each day, it is both prudent and practical for WCAA to explore alternative means such as biofuels as a way to reduce the carbon footprint on the environment, said Rich Altman, Executive Director for Washington, D.C.-based Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative, who serves as a member of the stakeholders group. The project is expected to be completed by February This initiative is crucial to help turn the promise of advanced aviation biofuels into reality, enhancing America s energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions while creating jobs, said ATA President and CEO Nicholas Calio. We already know how to produce and safely fly aviation biofuels, so the government investment will help clear the last hurdle and BIOFUEL BRIEFS Airbus and Tarom launch Europe s first biofuel value-chain Airbus and Tarom airlines together with a consortium of key stakeholders including Honeywell s UOP and CCE (Camelina Company España), have begun a project to establish sustainable local biojet fuel processing and production. The Romanianbased project aims to provide a biofuel made from the camelina plant, as a renewable, sustainable substitute to fossil based jet fuel. The project is being overseen by a Romanian-based non governmental organisation and Airbus is acting as the catalyst in getting the Romanian value chain up and running. Once feasibility studies on agricultural, technological and aeronautical development and sustainability assessment are complete, the project will also assess the existing refining facilities in order to identify the Romanian production capability. Camelina is the chosen feedstock because of its en- Leading German research institutions, enterprises in the aviation field and bioenergy producers founded the association Aviation Initiative for Renewable Energy in Germany aireg. The association will promote science and research in the area of climate-friendly aviation fuels, with the overriding emphasis on sustainability. The initiative aims to create a sound basis for political decision-making with regard to the introduction of climatefriendly aviation fuels. Dr. Klaus Nittinger, President of aireg, said: With the founding of aireg, we are at long last bundling national activities so as to achieve the challenging emission reduction targets for the aviation Jet fuels will soon sprout at Detroit s For further information on developments across the aviation industry:

5 Supporting a Greener Future for Flight AVIATION BIOFUELS 5 Airlines helping to kick-start the move to biofuels Since the ASTM International approval of biofuels for use in passenger flights, a number of airlines have undertaken passenger flights using a biofuel blend. These airlines, paying up to three times the price of normal jet fuel for these flights, are providing biofuel suppliers with the confidence needed to think of aviation as their customer of the future. In fact, shortly after the ASTM International approval came through on 1 July, BioJet International announced that in celebration of the approval, and to aid in development of the bio-aviation market, BioJet was releasing one billion gallons of renewable jet fuel to long-term contracts. This is a one time introductory offer made to the commercial aviation industry on special pricing and terms. The company said, Pricing will be fixed at US$2.97 per gallon. Alternatively, the buyer may elect to index at par with petroleum jet fuel with a US$.50 cap and US$2.50 floor. Commercial airline biofuel flights (as of October 2011) Airline Date Route Feedstock Notes KLM 22 June Amsterdam Paris Charles de Gaulle Used cooking oil 200 city pair flights to take place from September 2011 Lufthansa 15 July Hamburg Frankfurt Finnair 18 July Amsterdam Helsinki Interjet 21 July Mexico City Gutierrez AeroMexico 1 August Mexico City Madrid Thomson 6 October Birmingham Arrecife Spanish Government, Iberia airlines and Airbus launch local aviation biofuel initiative MADRID The Spanish government, Iberia Airlines and Airbus have signed an agreement to develop a complete Spanish value chain for sustainable and renewable aviation biofuel for commercial use. Other key members are expected to join the agreement shortly. Signatories to the agreement signed in Madrid include Isaías Táboas, Spain s Transport Secretary of State, Suárez, Antonio Vazquez, Iberia Airlines Chairman, and Tom Enders, Airbus President and CEO. The agreement promotes and backs initiatives to develop a complete biofuel production chain for Spanish aviation, using sustainable resources from production to consumption in commercial aviation, with special consideration on economic and technical analysis. The implementation of biofuels by the Spanish aviation industry for the development of a complete Spanish value chain is a goal that will reduce our dependency on fossil energy, make our companies more competitive by reducing costs associated to CO2 and create value and wealth in other sectors of our national economy, said Isaías Táboas. We are fully confident that both, the public and private sector can cooperate in the development and implementation of this initiative. Mix of feedstocks Used cooking oil Jatropha Jatropha Used cooking oil For the most up-to-date list of biofuel flights, visit 1,200 flights over a sixmonth period Flights to continue throughout 2011 Flights to continue throughout 2011 The longest flight so far and only trans-continental Daily operations from Climate change is a major challenge for our industry. The aviation sector s ambitious CO2 reduction target is only possible if biofuels become a reality. Under this initiative, Iberia brings extensive experience in flight operations and in aircraft maintenance to perform the necessary tests that will make this goal a reality, said Antonio Vazquez. Airbus focus is on providing expertise and management of the feasibility, life cycle and sustainability analysis. Biofuels are a must for aviation to achieve our industry s ambitious CO2 reduction targets. In fact, we believe that biofuels should primarily be reserved for aviation as our industry has no other viable alternative energy source, said Tom Enders. All industry players including governments have a role in helping to reduce global CO2 emission levels. Airbus is supporting value chains to accelerate the commercialisation of aviation biofuels. The value chain brings together farmers, oil-refiners and airlines to spearhead the commercialisation of sustainable biofuel production. Phase one of the project will be the feasibility study. Phase two, will narrow down the most promising solutions to a demonstration level, and phase three from 2014 onwards will look at implementation and scaling up of the production process. From left to right: Eugenia Llorens, President of SENASA; Tom Enders, President and CEO of Airbus; Isaías Táboas Suárez, State Secretary of Transport; and Antonio Vázquez, President of Iberia. European Commission, Airbus, airlines and biofuel producers in biofuel accord TOULOUSE The European Commission, Airbus, leading European airlines and European biofuel producers, have launched an exciting new industry wide initiative to try and speed up the commercialisation of aviation biofuels in Europe. The inititive labelled Biofuel Flightpath is a roadmap with clear milestones which targets an annual production of two million tonnes of sustainably produced biofuel for aviation by The biofuel will be produced in Europe from European sourced feedstock material and has the backing of European Commissioner for Energy, Günther Oettinger, Airbus CEO Tom Enders, major European airlines, and a number of advanced biofuel producers. The Biofuel Flightpath commits members to support and promote the production, storage and distribution of sustainably produced drop-in biofuels for use in aviation and to reach two million tonnes production and consumption by It also targets establishing appropriate financial mechanisms to support the construction of industrial first of a kind advanced biofuel production plants. This is a unique opportunity to create the first industrial venture ever introducing sustainable biofuels for commercially competitive operations. The Commission therefore fully supports all efforts in this direction and will actively contribute to their success. They are fully in line with our European Strategic Energy Technology Plan., said Oettinger Airbus supports the speeding up of the commercialisation of sustainable biofuels for use in aviation. Our catalyst role is to bring together stakeholders such as advanced biofuel producers, airlines and lawmakers in value chains, in order to achieve this common goal more quickly. Only by working together can we meet our ambitious target to make air transportation truly sustainable, said Enders. The suitability of biofuels for aviation has been proven, opening an outstanding opportunity to drastically reduce air transport s carbon footprint. Deployment of sustainable biofuels will only be possible through a shared vision and common objectives from producers, end users and policy makers. With this ambitious Biofuel Flightpath, Europe is giving the right signal for the emergence of a European supply chain. Pierre Henri Gourgeon, CEO Air France-KLM. SEATTLE, ROTTERDAM and RIO DE JANEIRO Boeing has released research conducted by Yale University s School of Environmental Studies showing significant potential for sustainable aviation fuel based on jatropha, an oil-producing, non-edible plant. The study shows that, if cultivated properly, jatropha can deliver strong environmental and socioeconomic benefits in Latin America and greenhouse gas reductions of up to 60% when compared to petroleum-based jet fuel. The Yale study used sustainability criteria developed by the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels to assess actual farming conditions in Latin America. Unlike previous studies, which used theoretical inputs, the Yale team conducted extensive interviews with farmers and used field measurements to develop the first comprehensive sustainability analysis of actual projects. Boeing is supporting the current Mexican Government roadmap assessment on aviation biofuels, Plan de Vuelo, and this data will contribute to that effort. The peer-reviewed data is applicable to similar conditions in Mexico and also provides guidance to Brazilian efforts to develop a commercial aviation biofuels market. The invaluable insights provided by this study will help our airline customers to better understand the sustainability of this potential jet fuel source, while also providing solid scientific data to governments and environmental organisations throughout the region, said Boeing Commercial Airplanes Director of Environmental Strategy Michael Hurd. Boeing has also joined with the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland to establish the Sustainable Algae fuel farm established at Madrid Airport MADRID Iberia airlines, Spanish airport and air traffic control organisation AENA and AlgaEnergy have unveiled a microalgaebased biofuel production project that will be established at Madrid-Barajas airport. The research platform, with an initial budget of more than 600,000, is installed near Terminal 4 of the airport and became operational in June The platform will be devoted to research, experimentation, and improving technologies for sequestering carbon dioxide and for the cultivation of microalgae. The purpose is to reduce the production costs of biomass and to achieve profitable biofuel production. Spain s airport and air traffic control agency AENA granted the site for the platform which will be managed by AlgaEnergy. Helping to design the platform were scientists from the Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis Institute and from the universities of Seville and Almeria. The technological platform will be supplied with distilled water from the Iberia purification plant in its industrial site in the airport complex, and with CO2 from AENA and recovered at Iberia s aircraft engine bench test facility in its Madrid-Barajas maintenance hangars, where it is currently emitted into the atmosphere. Both AENA and Iberia will analyse the use of the biofuel obtained to power airport ground vehicles and aircraft. The project situates AENA and Iberia at the vanguard of research into the biological sequestering of CO2 and into ecological biofuels, whereby they contribute to sustainable development and environmental protection. Through photosynthesis, the microalgae transforms the CO2 it captures as a nutrient for its own subsistence into an energy source. In addition, some of the 40,000 estimated to exist on earth contain fatty acids that can be converted into biofuel. Research into the cultivation and production of microalgae biomass at the facility, which needs no soil nor large amounts of water (recovered waste water can be used) will be aimed at improving essential aspects of algae-base biofuel that is rich in fats, from which second-generation biofuel can be made. The new research facility will also supply biomass to partners in the CENIT-VIDA programme (Comprehensive Evaluation of Microalgae) headed by the utility company Iberdrola, also a shareholder in AlgaEnergy. The facility will also be used to develop the patents of the biological processes AlgaEnergy has acquired from Spain s CSIC national scientific research institute. The universities of Seville and Almeria, world pioneers in this field, will contribute to the achievement of the project s aims via the knowledge acquired in decades of research into microalgae. From left to right: CEO of Iberia, Antonio Vázquez; CEO of AENA, Juan Lema; the Secretary of State for Transport, Isaías Táboas; and CEO of AlgaEnergy, Augusto Rodríguez Villa at the launch of the Madrid Barajas Airport algae biofuel project. Sustainability and value chain projects build momentum around the world: show an industry committed to doing it right from the start From left to right: Joel Velasco of Amyris, Guilherme Freire of Embraer and Billy Glover from Boeing announce a study of sustainability analysis at the ATAG Latin America Sustainable Aviation Workshop in Rio de Janeiro in July. Biomass Consortium, a research initiative focused on increasing collaboration between voluntary standards and regulatory requirements for biomass used to create jet fuel and bioenergy for other sectors. The consortium will also seek to lower overall sustainability certification costs. Currently, there are a number of sustainability criteria being developed for biofuels. This presents a problem for aviation, which may have to comply with multiple certification systems as it flies aircraft from one part of the world to the other. The Boeing-funded project will pursue a way of smoothing over the differences in criteria, to make them more compatible with each other and make life easier for airlines wishing to use sustainable aviation biofuels. Research projects commenced in April and the scope of work over the next two years will include projects in China, Africa, the EU, Latin America, North America and Australasia. Specifics will be announced as projects are launched, and more than 10 are currently in development. Meanwhile, at the ATAG Latin America Sustainable Aviation Workshop in Brazil, Boeing, Embraer and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) announced that they will jointly fund a sustainability analysis of producing renewable jet fuel sourced from Brazilian sugarcane. The groundbreaking study will evaluate environmental and market conditions associated with the use of renewable jet fuel produced by Amyris. Environmental NGO WWF will serve as an independent reviewer and advisor. This study will examine the overall potential for sustainable, large-scale production of alternative jet fuels made from sugarcane, said Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho, leader of the IDB Sustainable Aviation Biofuels Initiative.

6 6 Aviation: global actio The aviation sector has myriad projects already underwa partnerships involved, th 1 Biofuel testing programme Virgin Atlantic, TAM, Air New Zealand, Continental Airlines, Japan Airlines, British Airways, KLM and Interjet all help the development of aviation biofuels by conducting test flights and on-ground tests between 2008 and New fuel saving engine options for A20 Family Airbus introduce the A20neo aircraft which comes with fuel savings of up to 15%, reducing CO2 emissions by up to,600 tonnes annually per A20neo and reduced engine noise. Growth in airports signed up to ACI Europe s Airport Carbon Accreditation Across Europe, 4 participating airports, which together represent 4% of European air traffic, have reduced CO2 emissions by 411,90 tonnes in the first year and 729,689 tonnes in the second year. 4 De-icing fluid can play a role in carbon reduction Japanese airline ANA will further reduce its carbon footprint by using a new de-icing fluid during winter operations. DFsustain uses up to 40% less energy in manufacturing than traditional fluids. 5 AEROTHAI Showcases PBN to Reduce Global Warming Thailand s air traffic control organisation AeroThai is implementing performance-based navigation (PBN) at Suvarnabhumi Airport, reducing airline fuel consumption by 50.9 million kilograms and CO2 emissions by over 160,000 tonnes per year. 6 Sri Lankan Airlines receives ISO14001 environmental certification for catering facility Airline s catering facility reduced electricity consumption by 10% and fuel usage by 40%, among a series of planned conservation efforts. The company has an Environmental Excellence Committee which is headed by the CEO. 7 Greener Skies project with Alaska Airlines, Boeing and Port of Seattle Test flight over the Puget Sound reduced emissions by 5%. The Greener Skies project uses satellite technology to fly more efficient landing procedures, which could ultimately be used by all properly equipped carriers at Seattle Airport. 8 The first integrated, sustainable bioenergy research project for aviation pioneering system using seawater and desert for bioenergy Boeing, the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Etihad Airways and Honeywell s UOP establish the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Project (SBRP), which will use integrated saltwater agricultural systems to support the development and commercialisation of biofuel sources for aviation. 9 New construction techniques and materials at Suvarnabhumi Airport In this tropical environment, cooling of the building is undertaken through the construction materials. The three-layer membrane stretched over the structure maximises natural light, while reducing air conditioning power consumption by 50%. 10 Pioneering hydrogen fuel trial ready for Stansted take-off Britain s third busiest airport will be the first UK company to test a new hydrogen refuelling system for ground vehicles. 11 NATS s CO2 savings In 2009, UK air navigation service provider NATS air traffic control efficiency projects saved 25,000 tonnes of CO2 and in 2010 they generated 50,000 tonnes of CO2 savings. 12 Biofuel used in passenger flights Lufthansa, Thomson Airlines, KLM, Finnair, Aeromexico and Interjet all operate scheduled passenger flights on biofuels within a couple of months of airlines receiving approval to fly on these low-carbon fuels. 1 Finnair to buy first Airbus A21 s with sharklet wingtip devices Reduce fuel use and CO2 emissions by 4%. 14 Boeing introduces better work practices at major US production facilities Reduced CO2 emissions by 1% since Lufthansa Cargo and Jettainer trial lightweight containers New lighter containers reduce weight by 20%, lowering fuel burn by 2,180 tonnes per year and CO2 emissions by 6,867 tonnes. 16 Japan Airlines instrumental in developing new airline coolant The new refrigerant, MethaCool, can replace costly dry ice which also releases carbon dioxide as it evaporates. JAL expect to reduce CO2 emissions by 2,000 tonnes each year when introduced across the fleet. 17 Iberia, AENA and Algaenergy and on-airport biofuel production The partners have establish a research project on improving technologies for sequestering carbon dioxide and for the cultivation of microalgae at the Madrid-Barajas airport. 18 Oakland International Airport building certification Energy efficiency measures in the new terminal that exceeds California standards and reduces carbon emissions by 211 tonnes per year while also saving 24% water. 19 East Midlands Airport willow fuel farm Produces fuel for a biomass boiler to heat the terminal, saving 50 tonnes of CO2. 20 Aviation Partners Boeing blended winglets As of May 2011, blended winglet technology will have saved 2.5 billion gallons of jet fuel for airlines around the world. 21 LFV introduces new rules to allow en route traffic over 9000m to fly most direct route possible Decrease in fuel consumption of 10 tonnes, (and over 0 tonnes of CO2) over a 24 hour period. 22 Delta Airlines uses automated flight tracking and management system The Attila system provides for real-time efficiency measures to be implemented on flights landing at Delta s Atlanta Airport hub, saving more than 50,000 tonnes of CO2 annually. 2 Rolls-Royce two-shaft engine research programme Reduce fuel burn and CO2 emissions by 15%, compared to similar engines currently in service. Will also reduce NOx emissions. 24 United Airlines Green Corridor demonstration flight Saved 6,400 pounds of fuel and reduced CO2 emissions by 20,000 pounds airlines help Solena build biofuel facility The plant, built by Solena, will produce 16 million gallons of biofuel from municipal waste. American Airlines and United led the development of the agreement with Solena and were joined by Alaska Airlines, FedEx, JetBlue Airways, Southwest Airlines, US Airways, Air Canada, Frontier Airlines and Lufthansa. The Air Transport Association was also involved in the process. 26 Avianca educates staff on environmental responsibility with Beyond Flying programme With the goal of reducing fuel consumption, the airline designed and implemented new operating techniques, reduced weight on board and optimised its routes and flight speeds resulting in an annual saving of USD 1 million worth of fuel in FedEx opens solar-powered European hub at Cologne Airport FedEx now operates five global hubs powered by solar panels which reduce annual CO2 emissions across the network by nearly 4 tonnes Incheon Airport looks towards carbon-neutral airport status By 201, Incheon Airport will obtain carbon-neutral status through several impressive initiatives including renewable energy initiatives that will save 8 tonnes of carbon emissions. 29 Irish Aviation Authority s ENSURE project Saving 2.2 million kilometers flown; 14,800 tonnes of fuel; 46,800 tonnes of CO2; and 195,500 minutes of flight time. 0 Lighter trolleys for Lufthansa The introduction of the Quantum trolley, which is one third lighter than its predecessor, will save about 9,000 tonnes of kerosene and 28,50 tonnes of CO2 annually. 1 Eurocontrol s MUAC implements 142 new direct routes The new routes being implemented in the Maastricht Upper Area Control Centre, will in the first phase (during nights and weekends) save 1.16 million km from being flown per year, resulting in 12,000 tonnes less CO2 emitted. 2 Qantas introduces energy efficient tri-generation powerplant Provides power to Qantas jet base, catering facility and domestic terminal, with the savings in emissions equivalent to 6,000 fewer cars on the roads per year and and efficiency of 80%. British Airways and Solena Group to build sustainable jet-fuel plant Will convert 500,000 tonnes of household waste per year into 16 million gallons of green jet fuel offering lifecycle carbon savings of up to 95% compared to current fuel. 4 Boeing delivers package to China Southern Airlines The 77 was delivered with Boeing s performance improvement package including a new engine with the goal of reducing fuel consumption by 2%. 5 CFM International Tech Insertion engine upgrade 1% better specific fuel consumption over the life of the engine, which translates to better fuel burn and between 5 and 15% lower maintenance costs. 6 Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore green flight Demonstration flight from Singapore to Los Angeles reduced flight time by 0 minutes, saving tonnes of carbon emissions. 7 Heathrow, NATS, Singapore Airlines and Airbus introduce improved departure procedure for the Airbus A80 Saving of 00 kg of fuel per take-off, equating to one metric tonne of emissions of CO2 on a flight to Singapore. 8 ATRA taxis using fuel-cell powered nose wheel The use of this fuel-cell powered nose wheel being developed by DLR and tested on an Airbus A20 will reduce emissions produced by aircraft at airports by 19 % and almost eliminate all taxiing noise. 9 Alice Springs Airport solar power station Supplies about 28% of the airport s energy needs while reducing annual carbon emissions from the airport by 470 tonnes. 40 SESAR project Atlantic Interoperability initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE) Over 1,000 flight tests performed suggest that around 400 tonnes of CO2 could be saved annually across the Atlantic. 41 Royal Jordanian introduces its first environment management plan Projects to reduce pollutants, including aircraft emissions, ground support equipment emissions, fire extinguishers gas, aircraft air-conditioning unit use, waste and hazard material. 42 Irish Aviation Authority and NATS implement functional airspace block Flexible route block of upper airspace allows pilots to find their optimum flight paths, saving 46,800 tonnes of CO2; and night time fuel saving routes, saving 18,100 tonnes of CO2 per year. 4 Smarter flying at Birmingham Airport brings CO2 reductions NATS, working with Birmingham Airport and airlines, has saved 1,000 tonnes of CO2 in the last 12 months with continuous descent approach techniques. 44 Support for aviation biofuels from research and industry in Germany Leading German research institutions, enterprises in the aviation field and bioenergy producers founded the association Aviation Initiative for Renewable Energy in Germany to promote science and research in the area of climate-friendly aviation fuels. 45 Rolls-Royce launches Trent XWB engine 28% better fuel efficiency in the engine compared to existing equivalent engines. 46 Iberia Airlines, AENA and Ineco test green approaches at Madrid-Barajas Airport The new landing technique saves an average 25% in emissions and fuel as well as significant noise reduction Lufthansa installs 2,000 new, slim, seats Each row of seats is more than 12kg lighter than the previous seat. That is equivalent to an almost 0% reduction in weight, which in turns lowers specific fuel consumption. 48 European Commission, Airbus, airlines and biofuel producers in aviation biofuel accord The initiative labelled Biofuel Flightpath is a roadmap with clear milestones which targets an annual production of two million tonnes of sustainably produced biofuel for aviation by Air India to offer EcoPower engine wash solution to bring down emissions The Pratt & Whitney technique reduces fuel burn by an average of 1.2%. 50 CANSO members inspire The INSPIRE partners (Airports Authority of India, Airservices Australia and ATNS South Africa) are working together on projects which will increase the efficiency of long-haul oceanic flights between their airspace, lowering emissions. 51 Heathrow Airport use of fixed electrical ground power and pre-conditioned air Allowing pilots to turn off the auxiliary power unit is saving an estimated 100,000 tonnes of CO2 per year at the world s busiest international airport. 52 Air New Zealand get out the scrubbers to reduce fuel burn Air New Zealand has signed an agreement for Pratt & Whitney s engine wash service, which will help the airline reduce fuel burn by an additional 500,000 gallons per year. 5 Green taxiing means aircraft can avoid on-ground engine use R&D project by Messier-Bugatti, a leading supplier of aircraft landing gears, has identified a technology to allow aircraft to taxi without the use of engines generating a 4-5% reduction in on-ground fuel burn. 54 GE Aviation to deploy RNP at Jiuzhai Huanglong Airport GE is designing a network of required navigation performance flightpaths that maximize operational efficiency for airlines serving the high-altitude airport: shortening the distance an aircraft has to fly en-route; reducing fuel burn and exhausting emissions; and lowering noise for communities near airports. 55 Boeing 7 testing programme The new Boeing 7 Dreamliner will reduce fuel use and emissions by 20% over current model aircraft. 56 Bombardier teams design environmentally-efficient CSeries New aircraft is built of 70% advanced structural materials, delivering significant weight savings, which contributes to the CSeries 20% fuel burn advantage. 57 British Airways and NATS perfect flight Proving flight between Heathrow and Edinburgh found that 1 tonne of CO2 could be saved per flight if implemented on regular operations. 58 Honeywell and Safran launch green aircraft taxiing system The new electric nose wheel system will save up to 4% of total fuel consumption while reducing the carbon and other emissions produced by taxiing at ground level Efficient take-offs at Copenhagen Airport New departure techniques save around 10,000 tonnes of fuel and 2,000 tonnes of CO2 per year Auckland Airport s travel plan lifts the bar Auckland Airport s travel plan Lift reached 1,000 participants. The scheme offers priority parking permits to people who register to car-pool. The result: 25% of the Auckland Airport workforce is involved in car-pooling. 61 Ukraine International Airlines install winglets on planes Reduce fuel burn by up to 5% and, consequently, reduce CO2 emissions. 62 Stockholm-Arlanda Airport aquifer cooling and heating the airport This natural air conditioning system for the terminal will reduce the airport s annual electricity consumption by 4 GWh and its district heating consumption by around 15 GWh. 6 NavCanada advances efforts to reduce GHG emissions Canada s air navigation service provider is implementing a range of projects which will result in estimated emissions reductions from of over 1 million tonnes of GHG emissions. 64 KLM and the World Wide Fund for Nature KLM has signed a promise to the WWF saying it will reduce its CO2 emissions by % by 2012 and by 17% by Pratt & Whitney PurePower PW1000G engine Double-digit reductions in fuel consumption, CO2 and NOx emissions, engine noise and operating costs with this new-generation aircraft engine. 66 Southwest Airlines Green Plane New seats, new cabin equipment and new carpets save more than $10 million a year in fuel costs and reduce emissions. New materials will save about five pounds per seat, or roughly 472 pounds per plane. 67 Spanair introduces single-engine taxiing Implementation of single engine taxiing on arrival which leads to a 55.89% reduction over dual engine taxiing. 68 Air Transat head office becomes first building in Canada to obtain LEED platinum certification The necessary efforts to obtain the certification have included reducing energy consumption by 10% and water use by 40%. 69 Copa Airlines leading the use of winglet technology in Latin America Copa was the first airline in Latin America to operate the Boeing and -800 aircraft with winglet technology, improving aircraft performance and reducing fuel consumption by.5%. 70 The MINT Project Swedish Air Navigation Service Provider (LFV), Stockholm Arlanda Airport, Novair and Airbus work on an advanced arrivals process that saves on average 518 kg of CO2 per arrival. 71 Stockholm-Arlanda Airport carbon neutrality Independent assessment and recognition of airports efforts to manage and reduce CO2 emissions. First carbon neutral airport operator in the world. 72 Zurich Airport reduces CO2 through fixed ground power Over 0,000 tonnes of CO2 is saved per year through installation of fixed electrical ground power units at its 50 gates.

7 n on climate change. 7 y around the world to reduce emissions. Here we present a small selection from the past two years, illustrating the e breadth and the scope of this work. As you can see, it truly is a worldwide effort. 21 More information can be found at: Air France in trans-atlantic AIRE test flight This flight, from Miami to Paris, demonstrated that a reduction of up to 9 metric tonnes of CO2 is available, if the flight is operated perfectly. 117 American Airlines eco-friendly test flight This perfect trans-atlantic flight demonstration was part of AA s Fuel Smart programme which will save 120 million gallons of fuel in Renewable jet fuels from Brazilian sugarcane The study, funded by Boeing, Embraer and the Inter- American Development Bank, will evaluate environmental and market conditions associated with the use of renewable jet fuel produced by Amyris Air New Zealand s Christchurch Engine Centre to provide EcoPower washes The Pratt & Whitney system will help Air New Zealand reduce fuel burn by 500,000 gallons per year by cleaning engines to operate more efficiently. 120 Alaska Airlines turn to pre-conditioned air at the airport gate Through the use of pre-conditioned air units at its five West Coast US airports alone, Alaska Airlines will reduce CO2 emissions by 75 million pounds per year. 121 AeroMexico operates green flight trial, saves 555kgs CO2 The airline also launched several eco-initiatives on the flight, including using new lightweight carts, separating organic and inorganic waste, reducing the amount of onboard printed materials and using biodegradable bags and hand soap. The flight also saved 00 kg of CO2 on the ground at Mexico City and 180 kg at San Jose, Costa Rica. 122 Air New Zealand ERs fitted with winglets The blended winglets save more than 6 million litres of fuel and 16,000 tonnes of carbon emissions annually Fuel-efficient flight operations optimisation by Air Berlin CO2 emissions were reduced throughout the fleet by reducing the flying speed without a noticeable increase in flying time, but saving 5,74 tonnes of CO Turkish Airlines Technic and Pratt & Whitney inaugurate new LEED engine centre Designed to meet the gold standard of the US Green Building Council s LEED rating system, the centre is built with recycled material and uses renewable energy sources for a portion of its energy load. In addition the site is anticipated to reduce its overall water usage by 40% compared with conventional facility designs. 125 ANA introduces fuel cell electric passenger courtesy vehicles ANA will use electric passenger vehicles to reduce its CO2 footprint. 126 NavCanada awarded for ADS-B implementation The air navigation service provider has installed an ADS-B system in the Hudson Bay area allowing aircraft to fly shorter routes and reduce emissions by around 547,000 metric tonnes. 127 Emirates Airlines works with AirServices Australia on flexible routing The measure, which allows pilots and flight dispatchers to plot the best route according to metrological conditions, has saved 10 million litres of fuel over five years. 7 Rolls-Royce undertakes environmentally-friendly engine research A major contribution towards achieving the European ACARE targets of 50% lower CO2 emissions, 80% lower NOx emissions and 50% less noise by 2020, all from a 2000 baseline. 74 San Francisco International Airport s solar power project Solar array will contribute 628,000 kilowatt hours of electricity annually, getting rid of 7,200 tonnes of CO2 emissions over its 0 year life. 75 Schiphol Airport s research projects Aims to become carbon-neutral by 2012 and generate 20% of all its energy requirements sustainably by Orly Airport solar water heating at staff restaurant Part of the airport staff restaurant s annual needs are met by the solar cells, saving 4 tonnes of CO2 a year. 77 Lufthansa s clean engines Airline cleans aircraft engines more frequently, which improves performance and life span. Provides fuel savings across the entire fleet translating to 74,000 tonnes less CO2 per year. Biofuel value chain and sustainability projects In order to start the commercialisation of sustainable aviation biofuels, Boeing, Airbus, Embraer and Honeywell have been joining with other industry partners, governments, biofuel supply companies and farming communities to develop value chain projects and ensure that any biofuel purchased by aviation is sustainable. 79 Melbourne Airport s SkyCool roof Over an 18-month period the SkyCool paint has helped to save more than 40,000 tonnes of CO2 through a reduction in air conditioning use. 80 Kenya Airways launches passenger programme to cut carbon emissions Kenya Airways launched a new voluntary carbon offsetting tool aimed at providing a channel for its customers to contribute towards reducing the effect of carbon emissions by supporting environmental sustainability initiatives. 81 Geneva International Airport improving air quality Fixed electrical ground power systems have been progressively installed since 2004 and have resulted in an annual emissions saving of more than 20,000 tonnes of CO2. 82 Heathrow Airport intermodality An increase in the number of passengers using public transport to reach Heathrow has removed around,000 cars a day from London s roads. 8 Turkish Airlines undertakes fuel efficiency programme With the assistance of IATA Green Teams, Turkish saved over 500,000 tonnes of CO2 in 18 months. 84 IATA route shortening projects IATA saved.8 million tonnes of CO2 in 2007 and 6 million tonnes of CO2 in 2006 by shortening routes. 85 Iberia takes part in SESAR trails With enhanced efficiency on routes and the reduction of flight times, fuel savings of between 6 and 12% are expected. 86 KLM uses environmentally friendly paint Thinner paint layers mean the aircraft consumes less fuel and produces fewer CO2 emissions. 87 Hamburg Airport s new Terminal 1 Heating and lighting energy requirements were reduced by 15-20% through a combination of lowering the heating circulation temperature of the under floor heating and reassessing illumination needs. 88 Singapore Airlines Cargo signs up for EcoPower engine wash The airline is one of the world s largest operators of Boeing freighters. The EcoPower engine wash system reduces fuel burn by as much as 1.2%. 89 KLM installs winglets on its 77 aircraft Winglets are expected to reduce fuel consumption by around %, reducing CO2 emissions by an equivalent amount. 90 JFK Airport and JetBlue recycling programme Approximately 1,500 gallons of spent jet fuel and oil and some 600 pounds of steel are recycled each month. 91 Airbus-led AIRE2 trials to spearhead green trajectories with A80 Airbus is leading the AIRE2 flight trial programme with their A80 aircraft. Overall it is estimated that each A80 AIRE flight can reduce CO2 emissions by around tonnes, compared with existing procedures. 92 Boston Logan Airport LEED Using Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) principles, the airport has realised 12% energy savings and 6% water savings. 9 Charles De Gaulle Airport electric transit The airport transit rail line will cut bus traffic by half saving 750 tonnes of fuel per year. 94 LAN Airlines introduces RNP at five airports in Peru, Chile and Ecuador Required Navigation Performance technology (RNP) is an advanced form of performance-based navigation that, for a typical airline, can eliminate an average of 10 nautical miles from the distance an aircraft flies on its approach to landing, creating significant reductions in annual fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. 95 Continental Airlines comprehensive emissions reduction programme Reduce emissions and fuel use by 8% through a number of initiatives including winglet retrofitting on Boeing 77 and 757 aircraft. 96 Dallas/Forth Worth Airport s air quality improvement project Reduced NOx and CO 2 emissions from 120 tonnes to 15 tonnes. 97 Ethiopian Airlines Plans to plant two million trees throughout Ethiopia during the Ethiopian Millennium year. 98 Brussels Airport reaches new level in Airport Carbon Accreditation scheme Brussels Airport has reached the reduction level, thanks to its achievement in reducing its own CO2 emissions by over 10,000 tonnes in the past year. 99 A billion gallons to help boost the industry BioJet Corporation, celebrating the approval of HRJ biofuel for use in passenger flights, released a billion gallons of jet biofuel onto the market at a fixed price to help kick-start the use of biofuels by airlines worldwide. 100 Wind turbines land at East Midlands Airport The wind turbines produce an estimated 5% of the airport s electricity and will save approximately 00 tonnes of carbon each year. 101 Joint Boeing and Alenia composite recycling plant The composite recycling plant is expected to process an average of 1,102 tonnes of composite scrap annually. 102 Alternative jet fuels sprouting at Detroit s airports Wayne County Airport Authority has partnered with Michigan State University to grow, harvest and process bioenergy crops on airport-owned property to supply biodiesel for ground equipment and potentially jet biofuel for aircraft. 10 Athens International Airport energy savings Savings of approximately 6,000 MWh between 2005 and 2007, corresponding to a decrease in energy consumption of approximately 10%. 104 Malaysia Airports aims to meet, if not beat, global aviation targets As part of its aim for carbon neutral growth, Kuala Lumpur Airport has introduced energy-saving devices resulting in a reduction in energy use by 9%, with more to come. 105 CANSO, IATA and Eurocontrol flight efficiency plan The implementation is expected to bring benefits amounting to a reduction of around 500,000 tonnes of CO2 per year. 106 NavCanada environmental management project Improved efficiencies achieved through new technologies and procedures will save 8.4 million metric tonnes of aviationrelated greenhouse gas emissions in the period 2009 to Asiana Eco Flight demonstration Emission reduction procedures resulted in a total reduction of 500 kg of carbon. 108 Developing a truly Australian biofuel Virgin Australia and its partners will use an innovative technology to process mallees, a eucalypt tree that can be grown sustainably in many parts of Australia, for biofuel production. 109 Echo 4 taxiway at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport Reduced taxi time by 90,000 minutes and saved nearly 1.1 million litres of fuel during one year. 110 Japan Airlines user preferred routes If UPR were used on all of its flights operating between Japan and Hawaii Japan Airlines could reduce its CO2 emissions by 4,700 tonnes. 111 Airbus A80 Aircraft produces less noise and has a fuel burn of less than litres per passenger per 100 kilometres. 112 Jetstar Airways to contract for EcoPower washes of its A20 and A21 engines The EcoPower engine wash system reduces fuel burn by as much as 1.2%. 11 Air France / KLM hub operations streamlining Coordinate arrival and departure periods that link small flows of feeder traffic with intercontinental traffic, establishing the most efficient operations on the largest possible network. 114 Continental Airlines recycling programme Continental ensures that more than 87% of its catering suppliers worldwide have extensive recycling programmes. 115 Aéroports de Paris taps into geothermal energy Paris Orly Airport has recently drilled a bore hole to gather naturally heated water to warm its terminal and save 9,000 tonnes of CO2 annually American Airlines introduces single-engine taxiing The airline estimates it reduces fuel burn by around 15 million litres a year by taxiing on one engine only. 129 Bombardier CSeries factory being built to meet highest environmental standards The production facility will be LEED certified with layout and design optimised for efficiency and to minimise environmental impact. 10 The new Quito Airport is being built with the environment in mind Construction is being undertaken in such a way as to minimise impacts on communities, while the airport also employs sophisticated stormwater management, fuel management and wildlife protection procedures. 11 Air Traffic and Navigation Services wins award for airspace programme The advanced Air Traffic Flow Management system deployed by South Africa s air navigation provider utilises end-to-end Collaborative Decision Making to efficiently manage around 10% of the world s airspace while also enhancing safety. 12 IATA iflex to deliver CO2 savings on ultra-long haul routes The iflex initiative will be implemented with airlines flying exceptionally long haul routes over uncongested airspace and could reduce emissions by up to tonnes per flight, according to early modelling. 1 Volaris Airlines Por un cielo azul programme This programme, called For Blue Skies, looks at all parts of the airline s operations to reduce emissions through fuel efficiency analysis, cutting water on board by 40% to reduce weight, recycling and ISO14001 certification. 14 Iberia tests DORIS, saves up to 2% on trans-atlantic flights The Dynamic Route Optimisation In Flight project aims to gain efficiencies in the North Atlantic airspace thanks to improved communications and flight plans being updated after takeoff, taking into account changing weather conditions. The first tests saved around 2% fuel per flight. 15 Los Angeles Airport terminal renovation gains LEED silver certification The renovation achieved 20% energy savings and 24% water conservation over the old terminal building. More than 75% of construction and demolition waste was recycled or salvaged. 16 Gol Airlines Passando Limpo project An intelligent method for washing aircraft uses only 10% of the water previously used to wash an aircraft. 17 Swiss International Airlines installs new seating Installation of ultra-light carbon-fibre seats in its short-haul fleet eliminated over 800 metric tonnes of CO2 emissions each year. New seats installed on the long-haul fleet will reduce CO2 emissions by another 2,000 metric tonnes per year. 18 Green buildings and sustainable designs at Hong Kong International Airport Terminals are thermally efficient, using modern glass and building envelopes to reflect heat. Innovative systems cool only the bottom metres of large open spaces, leaving the air above at ambient temperatures. 19 Phoenix SkyHarbor Airport energy conservation initiatives An increased focus on energy conservation resulted in a 7% decrease in energy use in one year, an 11.2 million pound reduction in greenhouse gases, savings of more than 7 million kilowatt hours and more than $200, Korean Air Aerospace to manufacture sharklets for the Airbus A20 The devices are expected to result in around.5% reduced fuel burn over longer sectors, corresponding to an annual CO2 reduction of around 700 tonnes per aircraft.

8 8 AIRLINE United Airlines launches paperless flight deck with ipad CHICAGO United Continental Holdings has announced it is converting to paperless flight decks and deploying 11,000 ipads to all United and Continental pilots. The electronic flight bags (EFB) replace paper flight manuals, and as a first for major network carriers, provide pilots with paperless aeronautical navigational charts through an ipad app. Distribution of ipads began in August, and all pilots will have them by year end. The paperless flight deck represents the next generation of flying, said Captain Fred Abbott, United s senior vice president of flight operations. The introduction of ipads ensures our pilots have essential and real-time information at their fingertips at all times throughout the flight. The ipads are loaded with Jeppesen Mobile FliteDeck, the industry s premier app featuring interactive, data-driven enroute navigation information and worldwide georeferenced terminal charts. The enhanced full-color, high-quality information display ensures the right information is displayed at the right time. We are proud to partner with United Airlines on a project of this magnitude with Jeppesen Mobile FliteDeck, said Mark Van Tine, president and CEO of Jeppesen. Jeppesen and United share a long and storied history that includes development of numerous innovations for the aviation industry. We look forward to continuing this partnership in integrating our digital mobile solutions that increase efficiency, reduce costs and optimise operations. AIRLINE BRIEFS ANA Introduces Fuel Cell Electric Passenger Courtesy Vehicles Japanese carrier ANA is to introduce fuel cell electric vehicles into its fleet of passenger courtesy cars to become one of the worlds pioneering eco-friendly airlines. The initiative forms part of the government-backed Hydrogen Highway Project, which is designed to combat climate change by cutting carbon emissions from vehicle use. ANA is the first Japanese airline to receive the Government s Eco-First certification and is participating in the demonstration programme for establishing a hydrogen-based social system a series of initiatives funded by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), of which the Hydrogen Highway Project is one. The electric vehicle experiment is one of a string of measures designed to make ANA Japan s most environmentally-conscious airline. The carrier has already launched a carbon offset programme enabling passengers on domestic routes to reduce their CO2 footprint. Alitalia on-point for fuel and carbon savings Alitalia has signed an OnPoint Fuel & Carbon Solutions agreement with GE Aviation. Using proprietary decision software and fuel-consulting expertise, GE s Fuel & Carbon Solutions will work with Alitalia to identify and track operational improvements that could reduce the airline s fuel spend and carbon emissions by an average of % on given segments. Each ipad, which weighs less than a kilogramme, will replace approximately 17 kilos of paper operating manuals, navigation charts, reference handbooks, flight checklists, logbooks and weather information in a pilot s flight bag. A conventional flight bag full of paper materials contains an average of 12,000 sheets of paper per pilot. The green benefits of moving to EFBs are two-fold it significantly reduces paper use and printing, and, in turn, reduces fuel consumption. The airline projects EFBs will save nearly 16 million sheets of paper a year which is equivalent to more than 1,900 trees not cut down. Saving 26,000 gallons of jet fuel a year reduces greenhouse gas emissions by,208 metric tonnes. With ipad, pilots are able to quickly and efficiently access reference material without having to thumb through thousands of sheets of paper and reduce clutter on the flight deck. United and Continental pilots work will be streamlined as they can immediately download updates on ipad to their electronic flight materials, rather than waiting for paper updates to be printed and distributed. Emirates reveals green achievements DUBAI The Emirates Group today announced the release of its first comprehensive environmental report, a study that revealed the airline s carbon dioxide emissions efficiency was 26% better than the global airline average. Covering the fiscal year, the audited report analysed environmental performance data from a range of Group activities, including airline operations, dnata s cargo and ground handling businesses and a wide range of commercial activities on the ground from engineering to catering. In addition to the carbon dioxide emissions efficiency figure, other significant highlights in the report include: An airline fuel efficiency figure of 4.12 litres per 100 passengerkilometres (PK).. million kilogrammes of on-board waste recycled by dnata and Emirates Flight Catering. dnata Freight Gate 5 opened as the first carbon neutral warehouse in the Middle East. 175,000 trees planted at the carbon-neutral certified Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa. Fauna and flora improvements via the sponsorship of the Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve, which represents over 5% of Dubai s land area. Benefits from the opening of the Dubai Metro station at Emirates Group Headquarters. Winner of the 2010 Middle East s Responsible Tourism Award at the World Travel Awards. One example of The Emirates Group s commitment to fuel efficiency is the recent participation of Emirates Airline in the INSPIRE (Indian Ocean Strategic Partnership to Reduce Emissions) pro- gramme, with two test flights (one from Dubai to Brisbane, the second from Perth to Dubai). The aim of the INSPIRE initiative is to gauge the improved environmental impact of a perfect flight minimising on-ground delays, using expedient taxi- and runways, conducting gradual climb and descent paths while flying direct optimum routes based on existing meteorological and airspace conditions. The results from these two flights alone resulted in a combined total saving of over 6,250 litres of fuel and more than 16,000 kilogrammes of carbon dioxide emissions. Since 200 Emirates has worked with the Air Traffic Service providers for flights to Australia and the emission savings of such operations over a five year period equate to potential savings of 9.6 million litres of fuel and 24,268 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. In 2011, based on an estimated 6 flights per week, approximate savings for the year would be in the order of 2.47 million litres of fuel and 6,850 tonnes of carbon dioxide. The INSPIRE flights are only one example of our continuous efforts to reduce our environmental impact and our commitment to a greener future, explained Captain Alan Stealey, Divisional Senior Vice President Flight Operations. These flights illustrate that Emirates long-term strategy to address the environmental concerns of our customers, our partners and our industry has become a part of the everyday operating fabric of our organisation, not just something we recognise once a year. The two INSPIRE flights are only the latest example of Emirates participation in such initiatives. Emirates conducted its first reducedemissions test flights back in 200, and has worked with other industry stakeholders to establish the flexible tracks initiative over the airspace of Africa, Asia and Australia. Japanese airline to use renewably sourced de-icing fluid All Nippon Airways will be using a new de-icing fluid this winter which is produced from renewable sources and can also lead to emissions reductions. The fluid, DFsustain, is part of the Kilfrost range of de-icing and antiicing fluids. ANA participated in a trial of DFsustain during the winter season last year. We re delighted that ANA has taken on DFsustain as it has the potential to further reduce the airline s carbon footprint, explained Kilfrost s CEO Gary Lydiate. It s a worldfirst fluid and truly leads the way in terms of both green credentials and efficacy. DFsustain has the potential to use up to 40% less energy in manufacturing than more traditional fluids. DALLAS Southwest Airlines pilots began Required Navigation Performance (RNP) efficient flight procedures in January at 11 airports nationwide. This major milestone to reduce environmental impact with a more efficient operation and to assist the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on NextGen initiatives is the culmination of a four-year project with partners Boeing, GE, and Honeywell. RNP is satellite-based navigation that brings together the accuracy of GPS (Global Positioning System), the capabilities of advanced aircraft avionics, and new flight procedures. RNP sets the stage for Southwest to continue doing its part to conserve fuel, improve safety, and reduce carbon emissions, while simultaneously taking advantage of the high-performance characteristics that exist in an airline s fleet, said Captain Jeff Martin, Southwest s Vice President of the Operations Coordination Center. Southwest s pilots and dispatchers now follow these new efficient flight procedures and enhanced avionics to fly specifically designed satellite-based navigation approaches to many Southwest airports. The primary airports with efficient RNP procedures include Amarillo, Birmingham, Boise, Corpus Christi, Los Angeles, Chicago Midway, Oakland, Oklahoma City, West Palm Beach, Raleigh-Durham, and San Jose. With RNP/NextGen procedures designed at 11 Southwest airports, the airline s projected savings is $16 million a year, with an anticipated savings of more than $60 million Air Transat head office goes platinum Air Transat s headquarters has just been awarded the US Green Building Council s LEED Platinum certification in the category Existing Buildings. The building is the first in its category in Canada to obtain this certification, awarded for compliance with the most stringent sustainability criteria for green buildings. We are exceedingly proud to have obtained this certification, because it recognises the many efforts we have made to improve our environmental performance, said Allen Graham, President and CEO of Air Transat. These efforts have included reducing our energy consumption by 10% and our water use by 40% over the past few years. We have also implemented a waste management system that emphasises composting as well as recycling of metal, glass, plastic and paper. This certification is the result of painstaking teamwork and is an incentive for us all to continue in the same direction. GOL enlists GE s support to prepare for RNP-AR in Brazil GOL Transportes Aereos has selected GE Aviation s PBN Services to assist them in obtaining regulatory authorisation to fly Required Navigation Performance (RNP) flight procedures in Brazil. Once approved, the airline will be allowed to fly RNP paths in its fleet of Boeing 77s, reducing fuel con- May - October 2011 Southwest Airlines pilots begin flying new, efficient, procedures at 11 airports Iberia flight tests save fuel per year once all Southwest airports have efficient RNP procedures. RNP is a significant step in the future for the NextGen Air Traffic Control system, said Mike Van de Ven, Southwest s Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. This milestone culminates substantial efforts by our Company working with the FAA to position Southwest as a leading participant in a modernised air traffic control system. GE Aviation s flight management system TrueCourse is providing the technology to enable RNP. TrueCourse enables operators to fly the most efficient RNP operations available, said Chris Beaufait, president of Avionics for GE Aviation Systems. Southwest is well equipped and is positioning to lead the way in the expansive use of these approved routes realising fuel, emission and noise reductions. The TrueCourse flight management system controls the aircraft track to an accuracy of 10 metres ( feet) and the time of arrival to within 10 seconds to any point in the flight plan. Benefits include the ability to fly shorter flight paths and idle-thrust descents which reduces fuel consumption, thereby lowering emissions and community noise levels. Software and hardware updates provide the latest technology to continue to meet the needs of the world s evolving airspace requirements, offering safe and efficient improvements to aircraft operations and dispatch reliability. MADRID Spanish airline Iberia has undertaken the first flight test in the DORIS project (Dynamic Route Optimisation In Flight), which aims to optimise routes and gain efficiencies in the North Atlantic airspace, thanks to improved communications. During flight, meteorological conditions are tracked constantly and if there is a route more favourable than had been planned initially, the flight crew is able to change trajectory in real time, if authorised by air traffic control. The first analysis shows that, utilising such techniques can save more than 2% of fuel per flight. In an Airbus A40, such as used by Iberia for transatlantic routes, this would be about 400 kilos of kerosene on a flight to Guatemala. Iberia participates in DORIS with air navigation service providers AENA and NAV Portugal and is an initiative of the AIRE programme (Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions), within the framework cooperation agreement between the FAA and the European Commission to reduce the environmental impact of commercial aviation. Iberia is also involved in the RETACDA project, which involves making continuous descent approaches or green approaches to airports. These manoeuvres can reduce fuel consumption by up to 25%, while minimising the noise produced by aircraft in this operation. Iberia was the first airline in Spain to perform this kind of approach, and participated in the initial phase of the project with more than 600 descents into Madrid Airport. sumption and emissions while increasing airspace capacity. GOL is a forward-looking aviation leader that recognises the importance of RNP in the fast-growing Brazilian aviation sector, said Steve Forte, general manager of GE Aviation s PBN Services. Using RNP, GOL will be able to grow its operations quickly and safely to meet market demand, while reducing emissions and fuel consumption. RNP allows aircraft to fly preciselydefined trajectories without relying on ground-based radio-navigation signals. Since the procedures are very precise, they can be designed to shorten the distance an aircraft has to fly en-route, and to reduce noise, fuel burn and exhaust emissions. For further information on developments across the aviation

9 Supporting a Greener Future for Flight AIRPORT 9 Optimising carbon reduction at Manchester Airport MANCHESTER Manchester Airport has been officially certified by Airport Carbon Accreditation, the European carbon standard for airports, to the Optimisation level for its strong environmental performance. Environmental focus has been part of the airport s history for many years and in 2006, the airport recognised the importance further by committing to make ground operations carbon-neutral by The airport has made good progress in reducing carbon emissions to date and has already started to implement many projects that will further reduce emissions in the coming years. Neil Robinson, Director of Sustainability said: We have an array of projects in place to reduce emissions and we are extremely proud of our progress so far. Over the next four years, we will be looking to entirely cut the remaining emissions and we hope to be announcing some innovative projects in the near future. To achieve the Optimisation level in Airport Carbon Accreditation, the airport must show a year on year reduction in the carbon emissions under its direct control and an accurate carbon footprint, which is independently audited. In addition to this, the airport must show that it has engaged and influenced carbon reduction from other airport sources, which are out of the airport s direct control; including public travelling to the site, aircraft 50% emissions and businesses based on site. At the recent launch of our Carbon Challenge, 76 a unique initiative challenging businesses 90% based on site to reduce their carbon footprint, 55 the airport commended seven on site companies on their work. Brian Simpson MEP officially presented the Airport Carbon Accreditation certificate to Manchester Airport Managing Director, Andrew Harrison and the airport s dedicated energy reduction group, the Utilities Working Group (UWG). Responsible for overseeing more than 14 green projects last year; including the installation of LED lamps in all multi story car parks on site, the UWG s primary aims are to ensure that the airport meets its challenging 2015 target and develops a sustainable business for the future. Neil continued: In 2009, the airport became the first in the UK to achieve the Reduction level of Airport Carbon Accreditation so we are incredibly pleased to have achieved a higher level of accreditation this year. We place a significant importance on engaging with our service partners and we are delighted that this has been recognised. Since 2009, we have developed our skills and knowledge and by sharing this with our partners through the carbon challenge, the wider airport community and the industry, we know we can further cut carbon emissions from our operations and heavily reduce emissions from across the entire site. Airport Carbon Accreditation independently assesses and recognises the efforts of airports to manage and reduce their carbon emissions with four levels of award: Mapping, Reduction, Optimisation and Neutrality. Launched by Airports Council International Europe in June 2009, Airport Carbon Accreditation is administered by WSP Environment & Energy. Olivier Jankovec, Director General ACI Europe commented It s great to see Manchester Airport s famously friendly, proactive attitude and dynamic approach in evidence in its environmental activities. Their increased performance within Airport Carbon Accreditation speaks volumes about their commitment to sustainable airport operations, with a host of on-site initiatives that make a real difference not just to its footprint, but to the carbon footprint of others on the airport site as well. Since its launch, 4 airports have become Airport Carbon Accredited in this Airports Council International-Europe programme. These airports account for over 4% of European passenger traffic welcoming more than 600 million passengers each year. Their actions to reduce CO2 have resulted in a reduction of more than 729,689 tonnes of CO2 in the past year. Wind turbines land at East Midlands NOTTINGHAM As part of the commitment to make ground operations carbonneutral by 2012, East Midlands Airport has installed two wind turbines on the airport property. Producing an estimated 5% of the airport s electricity, which is the equivalent power of more than 150 houses, the turbines will save approximately 00 tonnes of carbon each year. Located on site, next to the airport s headquarters, the turbines stand 45 metres high, including the rotor blades, which will have a radius of around 14 metres. The airport has worked closely with the Civil Aviation Authority and North West Leicestershire District Council to ensure that all permissions and approvals were implemented ahead of their arrival. Planning consent was confirmed in 2008 and since, the airport has worked in partnership with local based companies and suppliers from across the world to source the most suitable product for the airport environment and to guarantee the most effective installation. With plans to install a further two turbines, the electricity generated will significantly add to the airport s existing suite of environmental measures reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. Neil Robinson, Director of Sustainability, East Midlands Airport said: We will be the first UK airport to install turbines on this scale and the road to get here has been challenging, but we are confident that we have found the right turbines, that we are working with the very best partners and now the foundation holes have been dug, we can really see them taking shape. The turbines will be installed for 20 years and we see it as a significant investment for the airport and the environment. Throughout the process, we have been careful to ensure that they will have no effect on our operations or be obtrusive for neighbours. Stockholm s taxi system wins another environmental award STOCKHOLM Stockholm-Arlanda Airport won the Environmental Initiative of the Year prize at Wednesday evening s Grand Travel Award 2011 for its work to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from taxi travel from the airport. By giving precedence to cars that run on green fuel, Stockholm-Arlanda has reduced carbon dioxide emissions by thousands of tonnes since the taxi system was introduced in March last year. The taxi dispatch system at Stockholm-Arlanda is the only one in the world that automatically gives the shortest waiting times to cars with the lowest environmental impact. Taxi emissions are calculated based on the vehicle s registration certificate, but since net emissions are lower with green fuel, a 65% deduction in emissions is made for cars that run on ethanol and an 85% deduction is made for those that run on biogas, in line with the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency s emissions model. Where will you be on 21 and 22 March next year? Plan to be in Geneva, for the 2012 Aviation & Environment Summit The 6th Aviation & Environment Summit will be held in Geneva, Switzerland on 21 and 22 March The Summit is the premier industry-led aviation environment event worldwide. It provides leaders of the aviation industry with a platform to discuss the latest environmental projects, develop a pathway towards carbon-neutral growth and announce the collaborative efforts that are underway across the globe. The 2012 event importantly comes just a few months ahead of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (the Rio+20 Earth Summit). To register, or for more information: Maldives Airports Company supports green air traffic management initiative MALÉ On 17th July 2011, Maldives Airports Company Ltd under green air traffic management initiative operated the first flights via Maldives airspace. Abu Dhabi based airline Etihad flew an Airbus 40 from Abu Dhabi to Sydney through Maldives airspace and Dubai based Emirates Airline operated a Boeing 777 from Dubai to Brisbane on 17th July via Maldives airspace. Maldives Airports Company Ltd (the national air-navigation service provider) is taking part in the Indian Ocean Strategic Partnership to Reduce Emissions (INSPIRE) project. INSPIRE Project was unanimously agreed in a meeting held in Abu Dhabi in May 2011 by Air Navigations Service Providers, Airlines and Regulators. INSPIRE project aims to reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere by helping the oceanic flights to use the most efficient and optimum gate-to-gate routes. This project has shown promising results as South African Airway s first flight on the Perth-Johannesburg route saved 400kg of fuel compared to a normal flight and reduced 1200kg of carbon emissions. INSPIRE project is supported by Maldives Airports Company Ltd, Air Service Australia, Airport Authority of India, Abu Dhabi Airports, Abu Dhabi Department of Transport, United Arab Emirates General Civil Aviation Authority, Dubai Air Navigation Services, Airport and Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) and the Sultanate of Oman Civil Aviation Authority. AIRPORT BRIEFS Auckland Airport s travel plan lifts the bar Auckland Airport s travel plan Lift has achieved two major milestones by celebrating its fourth anniversary and giving out its 1,000th priority permit. Lift, which was established in 2007, is a programme developed by Auckland Airport to help airport employees find more attractive, user-friendly ways of getting to work. Celebrating its fourth anniversary this year, it is one of the longest running travel plans in the Auckland Region. With over 12,000 people working at the airport, Lift provides practical travel solutions with a key focus on car-pooling. The car-pooling scheme offers priority parking permits to people who register to car-pool with other airport staff. Martin Fryer, Auckland Airport s Sustainability Advisor, manages the travel plan and says, The programme has always been popular with the airport community and results in 180 to 200 cars off the road every day. In 2009 we calculated that equated to over 50 tonnes of carbon per annum. Schiphol first with LEED Platinum certification in the Netherlands Amsterdam Schiphol has been awarded the LEED Platinum certificate for sustainable construction for its TransPort office building. This is the first time that a building in the Netherlands has been awarded this international certificate by the United States Green Building Council. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is the international sustainability mark. TransPort has been awarded the highest Platinum level. We started the construction of Trans- Port three years ago with the aim of constructing a sustainable, commercial office building to the highest international standards, said Maarten de Groof, CCO of Schiphol Group. We re proud that our efforts have been rewarded with this internationally renowned certificate. We re also delighted that transavia.com and Martinair are very satisfied with their new sustainable head office. ADM honoured for environmental commitment Aéroports de Montréal (ADM) is proud to be named winner, in the Enterprise category, at the Gala de reconnaissance en environnement et développement durable de Montréal, held in Montréal. This award acknowledges ADM s efforts to reduce its dependence on the automobile through its Écono-Écolo-Pratique programme. The company has made continuous efforts to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and its dependence on the automobile. In 2009, ADM enlisted the services of the Centre de gestion des déplacements St-Laurent and introduced an innovative programme, offering generous incentives to encourage its employees to use alternative modes of transportation for their daily home-work commute. This programme was greatly enhanced by the STM s introduction of the 747 Express Bus service connecting the airport and downtown Montréal 24/7. The results speak for themselves: 27% of ADM employees are participating in the Écono-Écolo-Pratique programme. For further information on developments across the aviation

10 10 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL NavCanada advances international and domestic efforts to cut emissions OTTAWA Nav Canada has made further gains and has announced a new project in its efforts to reduce aviation-related greenhouse gas emissions through safe and more efficient air traffic flows. The ENGAGE Corridor Project is a collaborative initiative involving the European Community, the US and Canada, aimed at improving the efficiency of the 50,000 flights per year that cross the North Atlantic. It is one of the many projects outlined in the updated CIFER Report. The ENGAGE Corridor Project will assess trial flights for the feasibility and potential to reduce GHG emissions in North Atlantic Oceanic airspace. Based on actual airline flight data, the flight trial results will be compared to normal operations on similar trans-atlantic flights. The flight trials begin in February and continue through the spring of The trial flights will test the viability of two concepts on North Atlantic operations: progressive or continuous altitude change; and corresponding change in aircraft speed (mach). As a flight transits the ocean, fuel is consumed and the weight of the aircraft decreases, resulting in the most efficient flight level becoming higher (assuming zero wind). Therefore, an efficient flight profile would include a progressive or continuous altitude change and corresponding change in mach. Assessments show that oceanic flights can save approximately 250 litres of fuel and 650 kilogrammes of greenhouse gas emissions per flight by varying mach and altitude. More than 50,000 flights per year transit the North Atlantic airspace, said Rudy Kellar, Nav Canada Vice President, Operations. If only three per cent are able to vary Mach and altitude in a way that improves flight efficiency, that would result in an annual reduction of approximately 7,200 tonnes of GHG emissions and a savings of 2.7 million litres of fuel The ENGAGE Corridor Project is being undertaken as part of the SESAR Joint Undertaking Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE) Programme. The SESAR Joint Undertaking (SJU) was created under European Community law in 2007 to ensure the modernisation of the European air traffic management system. AIRE is a programme managed by SJU in cooperation with the FAA that aims to accelerate the implementation of environmentally-friendly procedures for all phases of flight, and to validate the benefits of these improvements. MAESTRO conducts the symphony at CDG PARIS French air navigation service provider DSNA has been using a new software tool called MAESTRO Departure Manager (DMAN) at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport since November The system, which contributed to the accreditation of the Airport-Collaborative Decision Making status for CDG, allows better coordination between airport stakeholders and more efficient departure sequencing. Collaborative decision making aims to improve coordination between airport stakeholders (airport operator, airlines, traffic control) for an optimum utilisation of airport capacity and smoother traffic flows. MAESTRO provides a pre-departure sequence to regulate and minimise aircraft queues at runway threshold. It compiles and processes air traffic management and airport data and assigns each aircraft a runway and a trajectory at Paris-CDG Airport based on ANSP BRIEFS New routes to save carbon high over Europe 142 new direct routes have been implemented in the airspace controlled by the Eurocontrol Maastricht Upper Area Control Centre. These new direct routes will substantially contribute to reduce flight and engine running time, fuel burn, gas emissions and costs in high-density European airspace. To ensure maximum safety, the new routes will initially be used during the least busy hours of the night. As from the end of the year, they will also be used during weekends. This development is the first step in the implementation of the Free Route Airspace Maastricht programme, which aims to put in place a direct route network for 24/7 operations, saving airlines several million kilometres. The savings expected from the first phase of FRAM deployment during nights and weekends are estimated at 1.16 million km per year, resulting in a reduction of 12,000 tonnes of CO2 when compared to the fixed route network. runway configuration and capacity, potential closure, and the strategy decided by the ATC tower chief. The controller uses a specific interface to give departure or start-up clearances at the most appropriate time in order to fuel runways depending on their capacity, hence reducing delays, fuel use and aircraft congestion. At the heart of the system and through this project, MAESTRO also yields reduced environmental nuisance through lower emissions, noise and fuel consumption thanks to notable cuts in taxiing and waiting time (two minutes less for each aircraft on average). The implementation is a success for the technical teams of Egis Avia who managed to transpose the DMAN concept to an operational system in less than two years; above all, it is a significant breakthrough in terms of sustainable air transport. Airbus to acquire Metron Aviation TOULOUSE Airbus has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire US-based Metron Aviation, a leading provider of advanced Air Traffic Management (ATM) products and services for the global aviation industry. This acquisition strengthens Airbus strategy to accelerate and support ATM programmes that will dramatically improve global air transportation capacity, efficiency and environmental sustainability. Earlier this year, Airbus launched subsidiary Airbus ProSky, dedicated to supporting the FAA s Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), Europe s Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) and other global ATM modernisation programmes. Metron Aviation provides advanced research, Air Traffic Flow Management, airspace design, energy and environmental solutions to Air Navigation Service Providers, airlines and airports. Metron Aviation is a prime contractor on System Engineering 2020, the FAA s strategic programme for implementing NextGen and is performing advanced research and development work on SESAR. Metron Aviation also provides commercial ATFM solutions that optimise airspace and airport capacity for customers around the world including Airservices Australia, ATNS (South Africa), Delta Air Lines and FedEx. The acquisition of Metron Aviation supports the Airbus strategy to help countries improve their ATM, said Eric Stefanello, Chief Executive Officer of Airbus ProSky. Together, we can provide a new level of capabilities to support NextGen and SESAR even better. Like Airbus ProSky, Metron Aviation is not an ATM equipment manufacturer, so the acquisition is a perfect fit for our approach of seeking to partner with the FAA and the world s ANSPs. CANSO agrees to support ICAO s IFSET project CANSO will support a global approach to calculating fuel and CO2 savings from ATM operational improvements. CANSO will work with ICAO to roll out the ICAO Fuel Savings Estimation Tool (IFSET) among the world s ANSPs. CANSO Director General Graham Lake said, CANSO is committed to reducing ATM s impact on the environment, and a number of ANSP-driven initiatives have already delivered significant reductions in fuel use and emissions. However, we need to take a global approach to collecting accurate and comparable data so we can develop best practice, and effectively report the industry s progress and achievements. For further information on developments across the aviation FAA, JetBlue agreement to bring NextGen precision WASHINGTON The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has announced that it signed a NextGen agreement with JetBlue Airways that will allow the airline to fly more precise, satellite-based flights from Boston and New York to Florida and the Caribbean beginning in NextGen is the transformation of the US national airspace system from a ground-based system of air traffic control to one based on satellites, which will enhance safety and reduce aviation congestion. US Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood said, NextGen is a critical investment in the future of our transportation system, one that uses the latest technology to transform our airspace to make aviation safer, more efficient and more environmentally friendly. Under the agreement, as many as 5 of JetBlue s A20 aircraft will be equipped with Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) avionics over the next two years, enabling them to fly in two major routes off the East Coast even if traditional radar coverage is not available. The improved accuracy, integrity and reliability of aircraft surveillance under ADS-B will allow JetBlue to take advantage of these routes at all times since the satellite-based system tracks the precise position of aircraft. The agreement will also allow JetBlue to fly a new route to the Caribbean, and could lead to the development of two new, shorter ADS-B-only routes to the Caribbean from Boston, New York and Washington. The FAA will collect valuable NextGen data by observing and conducting real-time operational evaluations of ADS-B on revenue flights. ASPIRE goes green daily AUCKLAND The Asia and Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emissions (ASPIRE) is moving beyond the demonstration stage with the launch of ASPIRE-Daily service in selected Pacific markets. Air New Zealand has begun ASPIRE-Daily services from Auckland to San Francisco using some of the flight procedures identified by the ASPIRE partners to help reduce fuel burn and carbon emissions. Other carriers are expected to join Air New Zealand in flying ASPIRE-Daily routes between additional city pairs in the coming months. Airlines flying ASPIRE-Daily routes must be equipped with advanced avionics that allow them to use at least four of the environmentally friendly procedures per flight outlined in the ASPIRE programme. These include satellite-based avionics which automatically update a flight s precise position to air traffic controllers and provide an on-board system to monitor navigation performance. Five ASPIRE demonstration flights have taken place since the agreement was signed in February These demonstrations tested the following techniques which are now being used on the ASPIRE-Daily flights: User-preferred routes allow an airline to request a specific routing, regardless of projected winds, instead of flying along a fixed route. This procedure, made possible by advanced technologies used by air traffic controllers monitoring aircraft over oceanic airspace, results in a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Dynamic airborne reroute procedures allow an aircraft to deviate from its flight path, mid-flight, to take updated wind projections into account, reducing fuel burn. 0/0 reduced oceanic separation is the safe reduction in the required separation between aircraft from 100 nautical miles to 0. This procedure improves capacity and efficiency over oceanic routes. Time-based arrivals management allows controllers to sequence aircraft more efficiently as they get closer to their arrival airports. This reduces low altitude vectoring and holding patterns, which burn fuel, while improving the merging and spacing of arriving aircraft to maximise efficiency. Arrival optimisation is the use of one of several satellite-based procedures that allow aircraft to descend smoothly from cruising altitude to the arrival airport. These procedures allow aircraft to descend at idle thrust, rather than doing step-down descents that burn more fuel. Departure optimisation is the climb-out version of arrival optimisation. Surface movement optimisation allows aircraft to move between gates and runways efficiently to save time and reduce fuel burn. Airports and SESAR together to modernise European air traffic management Lisbon The SESAR Joint Undertaking, a unique public-private partnership in air traffic management, has signed a contract and cooperation agreement with ACI Europe the European airports trade body to engage its technical expertise in the SESAR programme in order to modernise together the European sky. The two organisations signed a contract today during the 21st ACI Europe Annual Assembly to involve ACI Europe on various research projects, development and communications activities, specifically focussed on the role and contribution of airports in SESAR. Building upon the work of the Single European Airports Consortium (an established member of SESAR comprised of Aéroports de Paris, BAA, Flughafen München, Fraport, Schiphol, Flughafen Zurich), today s agreement will yield a better integration of the entire airport community into the SESAR JU s work with the aim of making the European aviation system more efficient. Olivier Jankovec, Director General ACI Europe said We are delighted to be joining Traditional BANGKOK descent Aerothai Continuous descent is in operations the process of the implementation of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) at Bangkok s Suvarnabhumi Airport. Aerothai has also introduced Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) which will be beneficial to airlines in financial and fuel savings, reduction of carbon dioxide emission reduction. As the nation s sole air navigation service provider, Aerothai is committed to the continuous development of the country s air traffic services and other related services to the airlines and related operators in the airport. May - October 2011 Aerothai showcases PBN and CDO Take-off Take-off forces with the SESAR Joint Undertaking today. SESAR is the technological enabler of the Single European Sky and this cooperation reflects a strong focus on integrating airports within the ATM system. Much of SESAR s work involves airports and many of our member airports are already engaged, with significant investments in the SESAR programme, to help optimise airport operations for the benefit of airlines and passengers today and tomorrow. Patrick Ky, Executive Director of the SESAR Joint Undertaking commented Our collaboration with ACI Europe will undoubtedly bring more technical expertise on airport operations and open doors for validation in day-to-day activities. Airports are a key contributor to SESAR and one of the most beneficiaries of the SESAR results. SESAR will maximise capacity and bring better operations on the ground and in the air as well as environmentally friendly solutions for Airport operators; clearly vital to every single European airport. Traditional stepped approach Continuous descent operation Landing The introduction of PBN coincides with the implementation of CDO. This technology allows the arriving flights descending to the airport in a continuous speed with minimum engine thrust. Most importantly, it helps reduce the on-going problem of global warming. Aerothai s PBN implementation is expected to reduce airline fuel consumption by 50,900 tonnes per year, reducing the overall fuel budget by 1,614 million Thai baht and reducing carbon dioxide emission by 160,800 tonnes per year. Green flights from LA to Singapore SINGAPORE On 16 May 2011, the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) and Singapore Airlines, working together with the United States FAA and the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, launched the second regular city pair ASPIRE-Daily flights from Los Angeles to Singapore. Singapore Airlines flight SQ7, which operates non-stop on the route, will employ enhanced gate-to-gate air traffic management operational procedures to reduce fuel burn and carbon emissions in all phases of the flight. Mr Yap Ong Heng, Director-General of CAAS, said, The launch of the LAX-SIN citypair with Singapore Airlines will clearly demonstrate how collaboration among ASPIRE partners, airlines and other ANSPs in employing best practices and technologies in air traffic management can achieve significant reductions in fuel consumption and carbon emissions for flights. The following air traffic management best practices, which significantly reduce fuel burn and carbon emissions, will be utilised for the LAX-SIN flights: User-Preferred Routes, Dynamic Airborne Reroute Procedures and 0/0 Reduced Oceanic Separation, which allow pilots to take full advantage of atmospheric conditions, such as prevailing winds, to reduce separation between aircraft and shorten flight time. Time-Based Arrivals Management and Arrivals Optimisation which allow aircraft to fly with engines set at idle mode in continuous descent from a high altitude during the landing phase of the flight, thus reducing fuel burn. We are pleased to be able to implement these flight procedures on a regular basis, and see this as yet another step towards greener skies. We will be monitoring the flight closely to track the fuel and emission savings, but we expect to reduce fuel burn by two tonnes and achieve carbon emission savings of around 6. tonnes for each Los Angeles-Singapore sector, says Singapore Airlines Senior Vice-President Flight Operations Gerard Yeap.

11 Supporting a Greener Future for Flight AIRFRAME & ENGINE 11 Bombardier regional aircraft surpass fuel economy estimates TORONTO Bombardier Aerospace confirmed that the CRJ1000 NextGen regional jet and Q400 turboprop airliner are both achieving better than expected fuel burn, rewarding operators with additional cost savings. The CRJ1000 NextGen aircraft is achieving a mission fuel consumption rate that is 4% better than estimated. The additional savings in fuel burn results in an average annual savings of approximately $220,000 per aircraft. The improved fuel burn also directly results in a 4% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, equivalent to an average reduction of nearly 700 tonnes of greenhouse gases per aircraft, each year. The CRJ1000 NextGen aircraft is delighting launch customers Air Nostrum and Brit Air by delivering beyond expectations and proving to be a sound investment, said Gary R. Scott, President, Bombardier Commercial Aircraft. The CRJ1000 NextGen aircraft truly achieves the lowest cash operating cost per mile for operators in its market segment, while delivering extra range, exceptional reliability and a greener footprint. For operators of the Q400 turboprop, there is also good news; Bombardier is on target to deliver up to 1.5% in additional fuel burn improvements, along with the 2% improvement already achieved during high-speed cruise. The better fuel economy comes at no additional expense to operators. The Q400 turboprop continues to deliver the best overall operating economics in its market segment, and Bombardier is providing continuous improvements to the aircraft s product offering, including a new business-class configuration, enhanced navigation systems and a drop-down oxygen system to further extend the operational capabilities of the aircraft, added Mr. Scott. To give operators more flexibility, Bombardier confirmed today that it is offering a new dual-class configuration for the Q400 NextGen aircraft. Later this year, Bombardier will deliver the first Q400 NextGen aircraft with a business-class section, featuring three-abreast seating for premium service and comfort. The launch customer for the new cabin offering will be announced at a later date. This new dual-class cabin configuration will also be available as a retrofit for in-service aircraft. 2.5 billion gallons of jet fuel saved and counting... American Airlines is just one of the many carriers taking advantage of the fuel and emissions savings made possible by retro-fitted winglets, such as on this Boeing 757. SEATTLE Aviation Partners and Aviation Partners Boeing announced that as of 9 February 2011, their blended winglet technology has saved the world s airlines and private jet operators 2.5 billion gallons of jet fuel, or about $5 billion. This represents a global reduction in CO2 emissions of almost 26 million tonnes. Aviation Partners winglet technology is now flying on more than 4,000 airplanes and 21 different models. Joe Clark, Chairman and CEO of Aviation Partners, and John Reimers, CEO of Aviation Partners Boeing, both agreed the fuel savings MANUFACTURER BRIEFS Boeing South Carolina achieves zero waste to landfill status Boeing s South Carolina 7 production, final assembly and delivery site has become the company s first major commercial airplane production facility to achieve zero waste to landfill status. The North Charleston site is the fourth within Boeing to reach this milestone achievement. Zero waste to landfill means that none of the waste materials and by-products generated at the site reaches landfill. Waste material is recycled or reused or otherwise repurposed, reducing the site s overall environmental footprint. Components of the site s zero waste to landfill plan include a comprehensive recycling program with point-of-use containers as well as recycling centres located across the site. Food scraps also are collected in cafeterias and break rooms for composting. Larger packaging waste materials that can t be reused are removed from the site by Sonoco for recycling or repurposing. are significant and this number will climb exponentially to more than seven billion gallons within the next five years. Clark said, We are very proud of this achievement and excited that we are ahead of the curve in energy conservation. This technology is being delivered to the world s airlines and private jet operators at a rate of over 500 aircraft per year. Aviation Partners Boeing has retrofitted roughly two thousand in-service aircraft to make them more efficient in today s environment. Airbus launches ProSky new ATM subsidiary Airbus has launched a new subsidiary company, called Airbus ProSky, dedicated to the development and support of modern air traffic management (ATM) systems. Airbus ProSky will become the channel through which Airbus will interact and develop ATM programmes such as Single European Sky ATM Research in Europe, as well as NextGen in the US. In particular, for these two ATM programmes, the new company will help accelerate and support the process of their implementation, and link them together by capitalising on the technological, operational and commercial synergies. Airbus ProSky will also contribute Airbus aviation expertise further afield for other nations by working with their air navigation service providers, airworthiness authorities and airlines. This will help them achieve the common goal of transforming their ATM systems with the latest technologies and procedures, EADS: Nanotech could pave way for hydrogen GLASGOW EADS Innovation Works, the Group s corporate research arm, is working with university researchers to find a new solid state storage system for hydrogen. This technology would make it possible to use hydrogen as a clean alternative to traditional hydrocarbon-based fuels in aircraft engines. Hydrogen is a clean fuel which produces only water on combustion or when combined with oxygen in a fuel cell to produce electrical power. However, it can be expensive and difficult to store safely. In addition, to store hydrogen as a gas demands high volumes, while to store as a liquid increases weight and the energy requirement (to compress it). Storage of hydrogen in a solid is, therefore, very attractive but minimising weight and volume of the store is challenging and the TOULOUSE On its way to developing greener aircraft and significantly reducing emissions, Airbus is developing fuel cell technology as an alternative energy source for on-ground and in-flight electrical power supply. Based on its ongoing engagement with global research programmes, Airbus is now extending the scope of its fuel cell research activities by partnering with Parker Aerospace, a longtime Airbus supplier with special competencies in multifunctional system integration. Within this partnership Airbus will be responsible for the overall aircraft system architecture and technology integration into the aircraft, and Parker will supply the multifunctional fuel cell system and manage different subsystem suppliers. The objective of the cooperation is the development of a technology demonstrator followed by a joint flight test campaign for the middle of the decade, including operational and infrastructural tests. With Parker to achieve the highest operational efficiencies with more direct routings resulting in around 10% less aircraft fuel consumption, and significant reductions in CO2 and noise emissions. The first such undertaking announced by Airbus ProSky was the recent MoU with Chinese authorities for cooperation in ATM, whereby Airbus ProSky will assist the Chinese Air Traffic Management Bureau with the introduction and implementation of new ATM concepts, airspace design, deployment support, training and best practices. Furthermore, authorities in other countries are also exploring the opportunities of working with Airbus ProSky to adopt the principles and know-how developed for ATM systems in Europe and the US. GE Aviation recognised with Lindbergh Award for Balance GE Aviation was recognised with the Corporate Award for Balance at the 7th Annual Lindbergh Award Celebration and Dinner. rate of transfer from the tank to a fuel cell or engine is often slow. These barriers are currently holding back the use of hydrogen on an industrial scale in fuel cells to provide power for aircraft. Chemists at the University of Glasgow are working with EADS by using nanotechnology to alter the design and material composition of a storage tank with the aim of making it so efficient that it will be feasible to use solid state hydrogen on an industrial scale for aircraft. If the developments to the tank structure are successful, EADS is planning to fly an un-manned hydrogen-powered test plane in 2014 with a longer term view of introducing commercial aeroplanes powered by hydrogen. Duncan Gregory, Professor of Inorganic The Foundation s Corporate Award for Balance is an honor bestowed on organisations whose concern for the environment and dedication to improving quality of life are demonstrated through their business practices. GE Aviation s technological innovations have produced tremendous gains in fuel efficiency, observed Larry Williams, Lindbergh Foundation Chairman. Their dedication to research and technology that reduce fuel consumption, noise and emissions is exemplary, and certainly worthy of Lindbergh Foundation recognition, he added. GE s work is an excellent model for other manufacturers to follow. PurePower completes initial tests Pratt & Whitney successfully completed initial ground testing on its first PurePower PW1000G series engine. The engine completed nearly 200 hours of ground tests at the company s Florida facility. The engine continues to exceed our expectations, said Bob Materials at the School of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow, is leading the research. He is using nanotechnology to alter the structure of the Hydrisafe Tank, which is a new design under development by Hydrogen Horizons. Professor Gregory said: Using new active nanomaterials in combination with novel storage tank design principles presents a hugely exciting opportunity to address the considerable challenges of introducing hydrogen as a fuel for aviation. EADS and Prof Gregory s team are seeking funding from the European Union to build a European-wide team of academic and industrial partners to examine the wider issues relating to using hydrogen on an industrial scale to power aircraft engines. Airbus and Parker join forces to further improve eco-efficiency in aviation Embraer recognised as sustainability leader São José dos Campos With the significant achievement of having been named the Aerospace and Defense sector leader, Embraer has been selected for the second consecutive year as a member of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI). Our belief in and commitment to continuous improvement has led the company to constantly pursue best corporate management practices in all dimensions of our business, said Frederico Fleury Curado, Embraer President and CEO. This rating crowns the efforts of all of Embraer s collaborators, and it renews our motivation to exercise management based on values and on enterprise excellence. In 2009, Embraer was named as a Sector Mover, which is the rating given to companies that gain the highest number of positions among their peers. The following year, Embraer joined the Index by gaining the Gold Class rating, ranking second among sector companies. For the 2011/2012 listing, Embraer achieved the top spot in the aerospace and defense sector, which has 0 eligible companies, worldwide. Created in 1999, the DJSI is based on an analysis of economic, environmental and social performance criteria. Airbus becomes ambassador for Global Restoration Council and Coalition BONN Airbus has become an ambassador of the newly founded Global Restoration Council and Coalition, lead by Göran Persson, former Prime Minister of Sweden. The council was launched at the international reforestation summit Bonn Challenge, taking place in Bonn, Germany, and has an objective to reforest 15% of the degraded forests worldwide by Airbus involvement is part of its longstanding commitment to the goals of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity to enhance international awareness on the need to protect the environment and its biodiversity. In its role as ambassador, Airbus will approach its airline customers to gain their support for the council and enlarge its publicity. Airbus drives innovation to constantly improve the eco-efficiency of aviation, and is investing US$2 billion each year in new technologies. It is clear that the 70% reduction in aircraft emissions and the 75% reduction in noise achieved over the last 40 years are just the beginning. Airbus stands firmly and actively behind the ATAG targets of achieving carbon neutral growth for the industry by 2020 and a 50% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050, says Günter Butschek, Airbus Executive Vice President Operations, at the summit in Bonn. In order to achieve these ambitious targets, Airbus pushes the development and integration of new technologies and materials, is leading international projects to improve air traffic management to reduce emissions and noise and actively drives the implementation of sustainable biofuel value chains all over the world. Besides these technical activities Airbus also supports environment projects, and has been working with the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) since 2008 to promote The Green Wave initiative, which educates young people about the crucial role that biodiversity plays in our lives and our futures. The Airbus Corporate Foundation also supports biodiversity projects in Europe, China, Japan, the US and India. Aerospace involved in the project from this earliest phase, industrialisation can be considered throughout the development of the process, rather than at the end. Airbus considers fuel cell technology as a key contributor to meeting the ACARE 2020 goals, which foresee the reduction of CO2 emissions by 50%, NOx emissions by 80% and noise by 50%. Together with its research partners, Airbus successfully performed the first flight test on a civil transport aircraft in 2008, where a fuel cell system provided power for the aircraft s back-up systems. As a next step, Airbus is currently investigating the application of multifunctional fuel cells as a replacement for the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) to power any electrical consumer of the aircraft, e.g., the cabin. This would enable the replacement of ground power units leading to an emission free ground operation and significantly reduce mission fuel consumption. Boeing and AA speed up quieter, cleaner aviation technologies LE BOURGET Reducing fuel consumption, carbon emissions and community noise are the focus as Boeing and American Airlines announced that the airline will be the launch customer for the evolutionary ecodemonstrator Program. A Boeing Next- Generation aircraft will be used to flight test and accelerate the market readiness of emerging technologies. "We are proud to have American Airlines as our launch partner for this new generation of technology that can bolster aviation's role as the most efficient means of global transportation," said Boeing Vice President of Environment and Aviation Policy Billy Glover. Together with the American Airlines engineering team, Boeing is finalising plans for installing the initial technology applications aboard the first aircraft. Specific technologies that will be flown in 2012 include: Adaptable trailing edge technology a technology being developed under the FAA CLEEN Program, it reduces noise and emissions during all phases of flight including take-off, cruise and landing. Variable area fan nozzle reduces community noise and enables advanced engine efficiency technologies. Flight trajectory optimisation for in-flight planning enables airlines to determine and fly more fuel-efficient routes and provides flight crews the ability to reroute for weather and other constraints. Regenerative fuel cells for onboard power efficiently stores and generates power, and adapts to aircraft electrical systems demand, potentially reducing weight, fuel burn and CO2 emissions. Saia, VP Next Generation Product Family. We have already completed an unprecedented amount of testing on this first engine, including a full structural evaluation, performance, noise and emissions testing. Testing has validated overall engine operational characteristics including component design, rotor dynamics and engine fuel and lubrication systems. The PurePower uses an advanced gear system allowing the engine s fan to operate at a different speed than the low-pressure compressor and turbine. The combination of the gear system and an all-new advanced core delivers double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions as well as a 50% reduction in noise. The engine has been selected for the Bombardier CSeries scheduled to enter service in 201 and the Mitsubishi Regional Jet (2014), Airbus A20neo aircraft (October 2015) and the Irkut MC-21 narrow-body jet (2016).

12 12 FACTS & FIGURES May - October ,000,000 tonnes Worldwide, flights produced 649 million tonnes of CO2 last year. Globally, humans produced over 4 billion tonnes of CO2. 70% A jet aircraft coming off the production line today is over 70% more fuel efficient per seat km than one delivered in the 1960s. 2% 12% The global aviation industry produces around 2% of all human-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Aviation is responsible for 12% of CO2 emissions from all transport sources, compared to 74% from road transport. The aviation industry consumes around 1.6 billion barrels of Jet A-1 fuel annually. 1,715 airlines operate a fleet of 2,000 aircraft serving,750 airports through a route network of millions of kms managed by 160 air navigation service providers. Nearly a third of the operating costs of airlines is spent on fuel: Over million people are employed worldwide in aviation 0%, which is up from 1% in The proportion is likely to activities and related tourism. Of this, 5.5 million people work rise further as fuel prices go up. So this alone is a major incentive directly in the aviation industry. for the industry to focus on fuel efficiency. Aviation. $1. trillion In order for the aviation industry to reach its target of 1.5% average fleet fuel efficiency per annum from now until 2020, the world s airlines will have to purchase 12,000 new aircraft at a cost of $1. trillion. Since 2005, IATA s Green Teams have saved some 9 million tonnes of CO2 by advising airlines on fuel efficiency methods. 77% Globally, the average occupancy of aircraft is around 77%, greater than other forms of transport. 77% AIRCRAFT 40% TRAIN 60% COACH 0% CAR Figures for aircraft are worldwide. Figures for other modes are UK averages. Our climate targets: 80% 1.5% We will improve our fleet fuel efficiency by 1.5% per annum between now and Stabilise From 2020, net carbon emissions from aviation will be capped through carbon-neutral growth. 50% By 2050, net aviation carbon emissions will be half of what they were in % Around 80% of aviation CO2 emissions are emitted from flights of over 1,500 kilometres, for which there is no practical alternative mode of transport. litres The new Airbus A80, Boeing 7 and Bombardier CSeries aircraft use less than litres of jet fuel per 100 passenger kilometres. This matches the efficiency of most modern compact cars. In 1945, it took 10 weeks for a person earning the average Australian wage to earn enough for the lowest Sydney to London return airfare. In 2009, it took just 1.7 weeks. The South African horn made infamous at the 2010 World Cup, the vuvuzela, at full blast is rated at 127 decibels. An A80 on the other hand takes off with a relative whisper at 82dB. Alternative fuels, particularly sustainable biofuels, have been identified as excellent candidates for helping achieve the industry targets. Biofuels derived from biomass such as algae, jatropha and camelina have been shown to reduce the carbon footprint of aviation fuel by up to 80% over their full lifecycle. If commercial aviation were to get 6% of its fuel supply from biofuel by 2020, this would reduce its overall carbon footprint by 5%. 4x Worldwide, the amount contributed to the global economy by aviation jobs is roughly four times higher than that contributed by other jobs. In Asia-Pacific, aviation jobs contribute over seven times more GDP than average jobs. 5% 2.6 billion In 2010, around 2.6 billion passengers were carried by the world s airlines. If aviation were a country, it would rank 21st in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), generating $425 billion of GDP per year, considerably larger than some members of the G20 (and around the same size as Switzerland). By 2026, it is forecast that aviation will contribute $1 trillion to world GDP. While air transport carries around 0.5% of the volume of world trade shipments, it is over 5% by value meaning that goods shipped by air are very high value commodities, often times perishable or time-sensitive. Deliveries of fresh produce from Africa to the UK alone supports the livelihoods of 1.5 million people, while producing less CO2 than similar produce grown in the UK, despite the energy used in transport. Sources: IATA Economics, ATAG Beginner s Guide to Aviation Efficiency, IPCC, ICAO, United Kingdom Department for Transport, Oxford Economics Study Aviation: the Real World Wide Web, Airbus, Boeing, ATAG Beginner s Guide to Aviation Efficiency, ATAG report The Social and Economic Benefits of Air Travel, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), IATA, ATAG, BBC News, AERO modelling system, Qantas.