CBMS Data Collection. CBMS Training Workshop Cape Town Republic of South Africa May 7, 2013

Transcription

1 CBMS Data Collection CBMS Training Workshop Cape Town Republic of South Africa May 7, 2013

2 Overview The session shall cover discussions on the CBMS instruments that can be used for collecting household and village level data Questionnaires o Household profile questionnaire (HPQ) o Village profile questionnaire (VPQ) Two approaches o traditional data collection use of paper-based questionnaires (a household profile questionnaire, and a village profile questionnaire) o use of mobile technology (e.g. tablets or mobile phones). Tablet (mobile) based form development o Excel template and form generator o Form renderer o Web server

3 Basic factors to consider Personnel (quality) CBMS Enumerators Team leader/supervisor Cluster supervisors Duration / time frame Recommended: 30 day enumeration Usually determines the number of enumerators per village: (n households / 10 per day / 30 days) Budget and village size Depending on the track of data collection and size of village and number of enumerators

4 CBMS survey forms and manuals HPQ Filled out through interviews by enumerators with household respondents Household and member information Accompanied by a manual with discussion on concepts and definitions Rider questionnaire Additional, locale specific or research oriented information Developed to address specific research / policy issues (e.g. PAGE research themes) VPQ Filled out through interviews of supervisors with the village leader Accompanied by a manual with discussion on concepts and definitions

5 HPQ: household information Income and hunger Poverty and subsistence incidence Hunger incidence Water and sanitation Access to improved drinking water Access to sanitary toilet Housing Tenure status Makeshift housing Proxy indicators (internet, cellphones, etc.

6 HPQ: household information Agriculture Crop farming Animal husbandry Fishing Climate change Calamities and disaster Effects in agriculture Changes in temperature and sea level Insurance Access to programs State programs (e.g. conditional cash transfers, health insurance for indigents Other programs

7 HPQ: Member information Demography Migration Education Economic activity Health and nutrition Indigenous people Religion Birth registration Migrant workers Migration rate School participation rates Educational attainment Labor force Employment Under employment Malnutrition Sickness and treatment Mortality

8 CBMS rider questionnaires PAGE Research Themes Providing social protection to the informal sector Youth employment and entrepreneurship Implemented Rider questionnaires Rising oil and food prices Global Financial Crisis Migrant remittances and entrepreneurship Locale specific Agriculture and forestry Waste management Tourism

9 VPQ Physical and Demographic Characteristics Urbanity Personnel Major source of livelihood Proximity of Village Location to Basic Services and Service Institutions Health, service, educational facilities Public transport and road networks Electricity, water and toilet facilities Credit and other firms Peace and Order Reported crimes

10 VPQ Village Programs, Projects and Activities List of implemented programs in the village Budget, Revenue, and Expenditure Progression of revenue and expenses Village spot map Location of households and facilities as answered in the questionnaire

11 Basic differences Data collection Paper based Hard copies of questionnaires Manuals for HPQ and VPQ Field editing manuals Manuals for M HPQ and M VPQ Spot maps (households, facilities, etc.) Tablet (Mobile) Mobile Android based forms (M HPQ and M VPQ) Editing manual for M HPQ and M VPQ Manuals for M HPQ and M VPQ Computerized processing and mapping StatsimPro 5 Quantum GIS (QGIS)

12 CBMS Data Collection Paths Preparatory activities Questionnaire Design GPS Digitizing Data collection Tablet based Form Data entry (HPQ / VPQ) Database and reporting Data sending Spot maps Field editing Merge / Match CBMS database and processing Paper questionnaire (HPQ and VPQ) Traditional Tablet based Reports

13 Typical flow from paper questionnaire Filled out Paper Questionnaires and Spot Maps CBMS Encoding System (similar to M HPQ) Map Digitizing (Q GIS) Complete, consistent and matched? Yes No Server CBMS Data Processing System

14 Android based (Mobile) Data Capture CBMS Data Collection Integrated

15 What does it do? The challenge in CBMS is speeding up data capture while enhancing data quality Mobile data capture integrates filling out M- HPQ and M-VPQ, GPS capturing and data entry GPS Reading CBMS M HPQ and M VPQ Encoding Mobile Data Capture

16 Typical flow from Tablet based forms CBMS M HPQ and M VPQ Complete and consistent? Yes No Server CBMS Data Processing System

17 Form Development and Utilization Excel based form template Form Generator Android Form (JSON) Form development Form utilization Data Server(s) Data Transfer (over the air) Data File Data Capture (Tablet)

18 An application which utilizes both web technology and mobile devices o allow the design of survey forms o deployment of these forms in android mobile devices for collecting community data o captured data can be transmitted to CBMS servers for a more efficient process of acquiring household data Has three (3) major features o form generator starts with the excel template where users can customize sequence and language. From this, the form is compiled. o data capture forms generated are rendered in Android tablets for interviews o data transfer using the application in the tablet, data from filled-out forms are sent to the data server Androidbased Mobile Data Capture Source of basic image:

19 Paper-less data capture o Enforced on-the-dot technical validation and checking of responses GPS reading of households readily available given Android Tablet GPS Has a set of administrative support tools o tracking the deployment of mobile devices o managing user accounts o setting parameters in the devices and in the web server. Enhanced security to ensure confidentiality of data o Only registered users/interviewers can view/use the application o Web server is only available to users with specific clearance Androidbased Mobile Data Capture Source of basic image:

20 Fundamental comparison Factor Paper Mobile Remarks Speed Slower Faster Although the slight decrease in interview time might not be significant, the reduction of steps in building the database is significant Cost Can be quite expensive with too much wastes Can be cheaper in the long run with reduced wastes Initial investment on mobile device can be cheaper in the long run rather than reproducing questionnaires plus wastes Data quality May have missing and inconsistent values On the dot checking Embedded validation reduces the burden on field editors Efficiency Less More Integration of GPS reading eliminates that big step and tags it to the HPQ

21 Fundamental comparison Factor Paper Mobile Remarks Validation updates Panel data Difficult Easier Validation component can be facilitated since the data can be queried Difficult to construct Easier Matching down to individual level can be facilitated in the succeeding rounds Security Relatively lax Enforced Confidentiality is enforced since only authorized personnel can access or view the data Expandability / flexibility Less More Rider questionnaire, translation and expansion can be facilitated with minimized cost since the excel template can be revised and recompiled to accommodate changes.

22 Summary Mobile-based data collection is highly recommended due to apparent gains compared to the traditional case (efficient collection, reduced costs, etc.) Mobile data collection facilitates sustainability. Cost of succeeding rounds of data collection is significantly reduced since equipment need not be procured for every round. Furthermore, the equipment and infrastructure to be established can be expanded / extended to be used in other initiatives (e.g. monitoring health conditions, disaster response, etc.)

23 Software/application Demo Thank you!

24 Quick functions Home This icon returns you to the main page of the Data Collection application Outline This icon displays the titles or names of the pages that you can jump to Notes This icon provides you with a scratch space where you can jot down notes Save This icon saves the data you have entered for the current form to your mobile device.

25 Basic User Interface Controls Drop down Check box Option button Date/time Multiple entries Numeric boxes Select an item from the given list Check multiple answers Select only one option Displays the current date and time example: household members Only numbers can be inputted

26 Dependent questions Some items in the survey form may be displayed or hidden depending on previous answer(s) These happen especially when there are skipping mechanisms The mobile application dynamically shows relevant questions only based on previous responses Hence, missing values and inconsistent entries are almost eliminated