ARIZONA ARIZONA RANKING: 14

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1 596 ARIZONA RANKING: 14 In 2011, Arizna cntinued making excellent strides tward the ultimate prtectin f human life. Amng many life-affirming measures cnsidered, the state enacted measures that ban sex- and race-selective abrtins, prhibit the use f telemedicine t prvide abrtin, enhance the state s prhibitin n the use f public funds t subsidize abrtin, establish ultrasund requirements prir t abrtin, and require that nly physicians prescribe, dispense, r administer prescriptin medicatin t induce an abrtin. ABORTION: Twenty-fur hurs prir t an abrtin, a wman must receive infrmatin abut the nature f the prcedure, the immediate and lng-term risks f abrtin, the risks f childbirth, alternatives t the prcedure, and the prbable gestatinal age and anatmical and physilgical characteristics f the unbrn child. Wmen must als receive infrmatin abut medical assistance benefits, the father s liability fr child supprt, and that public and private agencies are available t assist the wman. Arizna requires that a wman be given the ptin f fetal ultrasund imaging and auscultatin f fetal heart tne services prir t abrtin. Wmen must als be infrmed that it is illegal fr a persn t intimidate r cerce a wman int having an abrtin. One parent must prvide written, ntarized cnsent befre a physician may perfrm an abrtin n a minr under the age f 18, unless the minr is the victim f incest frm smene in her hme, there is a medical emergency, r the minr btains a curt rder. Abuse must be reprted. Arizna prhibits the use f telemedicine t prvide an abrtin. This law is currently in litigatin. The Arizna Supreme Curt has cncluded that state taxpayers must fund medically necessary abrtins fr wmen eligible fr public assistance, implicitly recgnizing a brader state cnstitutinal right t abrtin than prvided by the U.S. Cnstitutin. Hwever, a 2010 law prvides that n public funds nr tax mnies f this state r any plitical subdivisin f this state nr any federal funds passing thrugh the state treasury r the treasury f any plitical subdivisin f this state may be expended fr payment t Defending Life 2012 ARIZONA

2 597 any persn r entity fr the perfrmance f any abrtin unless an abrtin is necessary t save the life f the wman having the abrtin. This law was expanded in 2011 t include a prhibitin n funding fr training t perfrm abrtins, and additinally prhibits the use f mnies paid by students as part f tuitin r fees t a state university r a cmmunity cllege fr that purpse. The law als clarifies that the State intends t cmply with federal law. A statute permitting a tax credit fr vluntary cash cntributins by a taxpayer r n a taxpayer s behalf t charitable rganizatins des nt permit dnatins t rganizatins t qualify fr the credits if the recipient rganizatins prvide, pay fr, prmte, prvide cverage f, r prvide referrals fr abrtin r financially supprt any ther entity that des s. The law is currently in litigatin. Organizatins that receive state funds thrugh wmen s services may nt use thse funds t prvide abrtins r abrtin referrals, and grantees cannt prvide the grant mney t entities that prmte, refer, r perfrm abrtins. A wman may nt btain an abrtin at any university facility under the jurisdictin f the Arizna Bard f Regents unless the prcedure is necessary t save her life. In 1999, Arizna enacted cmprehensive abrtin clinic regulatins in direct respnse t the tragic and preventable death f Lu Anne Herrn at a Phenix abrtin clinic. The regulatins are largely based n treatment prtcls develped by abrtin prviders and abrtin advcacy grups. Only physicians licensed in the state may perfrm surgical abrtins. Further, a physician assistant may nt prescribe, dispense, r administer prescriptin medicine t induce an abrtin. The state bard f nursing may nt decide scpe f practice relating t abrtin fr registered nurse practitiners. Arizna prhibits partial-birth abrtin. It is a felny t perfrm an abrtin in Arizna knwing that the abrtin is sught based n the sex r race f the child r the race f a parent. Further, it is a felny t use frce r the threat f frce t intentinally injure r intimidate any persn fr the purpse f cercing a sex-selective r race-selective abrtin. Arizna maintains a Chse Life license plates prgram, with the prceeds benefitting rganizatins prviding abrtin alternatives The state maintains an enfrceable abrtin reprting law, but des nt require the re-

3 prting f infrmatin t the Centers fr Disease Cntrl (CDC). The measure pertains t bth surgical and nnsurgical abrtins and requires abrtin prviders t reprt shrt-term cmplicatins. Health insurance cmpanies that prvide prescriptin cverage must als prvide cverage fr cntraceptives. The prvisin includes an exemptin s narrw that it excludes the ability f mst emplyers and insurers with mral r religius bjectins frm exercising the exemptin. Arizna prhibits the use f state funds directly r indirectly t pay the csts, premiums r charges assciated with a health insurance plicy, cntract r plan that prvides cverage, benefits r services related t the perfrmance f any abrtin except in cases f life endangerment r substantial and irreversible impairment f a majr bdily functin. In additin, Arizna prhibits insurance cmpanies frm ffering abrtin cverage within state insurance Exchanges established pursuant t the federal Patient Prtectin and Affrdable Care Act (required t be peratinal in 2014), except in cases invlving threats t a wman s life r health. LEGAL PROTECTION OF UNBORN AND NEWLY BORN: Arizna law defines the killing f an unbrn child at any stage f develpment as manslaughter. The state defines nnfatal assaults n the unbrn as criminal ffenses. The state maintains enhanced sentencing fr dmestic vilence ffenses when the victim is pregnant. The state allws wrngful death (civil) actins when a viable unbrn child is killed thrugh negligent r criminal actin. The state has created a specific affirmative duty f physicians t prvide medical care and treatment t brn-alive infants at any stage f develpment. Arizna maintains a Dangerus Crimes Against Children Act, which allws fr the prsecutin f a wman fr prenatal drug abuse that causes harm r injury t her unbrn child. The wman culd be specifically charged with child abuse and/r drug transfer t a minr under 12 years f age. The state further requires healthcare prfessinals t reprt suspected prenatal drug expsure. 598 ARIZONA Defending Life 2012

4 599 BIOETHICS LAWS: Arizna prhibits destructive embry research, human clning fr all purpses, and the creatin, transfer, and transprtatin f human-animal hybrids. The state als prhibits taxpayer funding f human clning and denies special tax credits t entities engaged in destructive embry research. Arizna requires health prfessinals t ntify patients in the secnd trimester f pregnancy f ptins related t stem cells cntained in the umbilical crd bld after the delivery, and ptins fr dnatin r strage in a family dnr banking prgram. The state als requires that wmen prviding eggs receive infrmatin n the risks f egg harvesting and prhibits the payment fr human eggs when the eggs are t be used fr research purpses. END OF LIFE LAWS: Arizna has enacted a statute that expressly prhibits assisted suicide. Under this law, assisted suicide is cnsidered manslaughter. HEALTHCARE RIGHTS OF CONSCIENCE LAWS: Participatin in Abrtin: Arizna law prtects healthcare prviders wh cnscientiusly bject t participatin in abrtins. Under this law, healthcare prviders must bject in writing and bjectins must be based n mral r religius beliefs. A pharmacy, hspital, r healthcare prfessinal is nt required t participate in r prvide an abrtin, abrtin medicatin, emergency cntraceptin, r any medicine r device intended t inhibit r prevent implantatin f a fertilized egg. Participatin in Research Harmful t Human Life: Arizna currently prvides n prtectin fr the rights f healthcare prviders wh cnscientiusly bject t participatin in human clning, destructive embry research, r ther frms f immral medical research.

5 600 WHAT HAPPENED IN 2011: Arizna strengthened a 2010 law prhibiting the use f public funds fr abrtin unless the abrtin is necessary t save the life f the wman by including a prhibitin n funding fr training t perfrm abrtins, and additinally prhibiting the use f mnies paid by students as part f tuitin r fees t a state university r a cmmunity cllege fr that purpse. The law clarifies that the State intends t cmply with federal law. The new law als prvides that dnatins t rganizatins that prvide, pay fr, prmte, prvide cverage f, r prvide referrals fr abrtin, r financially supprt any ther entity that des s, d nt qualify fr a tax credit fr vluntary cash cntributins by a taxpayer r n a taxpayer s behalf t charitable rganizatins. The American Civil Liberties Unin (ACLU) has challenged this prtin f the law. Further, Arizna enacted a ban n the use f telemedicine t prvide an abrtin. Thislaw is currently in litigatin. Arizna als enacted a law requiring that a wman be given the ptin f fetal ultrasund imaging and auscultatin f fetal heart tne services prir t abrtin. The state adpted AUL s reslutin cmmending the wrk f pregnancy care centers. Arizna als enacted measures establishing that it is a felny t perfrm an abrtin in Arizna knwing that the abrtin is sught based n the sex r race f the child r the race f a parent, and that it is a felny t use frce r the threat f frce t intentinally injure r intimidate any persn fr the purpse f cercing a sex-selective r raceselective abrtin. In August, an Arizna appellate curt ruled that the abrtin right in the state cnstitutin is n brader than that in the federal cnstitutin. In the ruling, the curt 1) upheld the ntarizatin requirements in the state s parental invlvement law, 2) rejected Planned Parenthd s challenges t infrmed cnsent prvisins requiring that infrmatin be given rally and in persn and by a physician, 3) rejected Planned Parenthd s challenge t the physician-nly prvisin, and 4) rejected Planned Parenthd s challenge t cnscience prvisins. Hwever, Planned Parenthd amended the lawsuit t include a challenge t the new law regulating the use f telemedicine t prvide an abrtin. In a busy legislative sessin, the state als enacted a measure related t enhanced sentencing fr dmestic vilence ffenses when the victim is pregnant. On the biethics frnt, the state cnsidered legislatin prviding sme regulatin f as-

6 601 sisted reprductive technlgies, as well as a measure making technical changes regarding surrgacy cntracts. The state als cnsidered a measure that wuld require healthcare practitiners t ffer t prvide patients diagnsed with a terminal illness r cnditin with infrmatin and cunseling regarding palliative care and end-f-life ptins apprpriate fr the patient. Arizna cnsidered legislatin frcing pharmacists t stck and dispense emergency cntraceptin.

7 602 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ARIZONA TOP PRIORITIES: State Cnstitutinal Amendment (prviding that there is n state cnstitutinal right t abrtin) Persnhd Preamble Abrtin Subsidy Prhibitin Act Wmen s Health Prtectin Act Child Prtectin Act OTHER PRIORITIES: Legal Recgnitin and Prtectin fr the Unbrn: Unbrn Wrngful Death Act (fr pre-viable child) Statutry prhibitin n wrngful birth lawsuits Pregnant Wman s Prtectin Act Biethics: Assisted Reprductive Technlgies Disclsure and Risk Reductin Act Healthcare Freedm f Cnscience: Healthcare Freedm f Cnscience Act