INTRODUCTION TO TRANSANA 2.2 FOR COMPUTER ASSISTED QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE (CAQDAS)

Transcription

1 INTRODUCTION TO TRANSANA 2.2 FOR COMPUTER ASSISTED QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE (CAQDAS) DR ABDUL RAHIM HJ SALAM LANGUAGE ACADEMY UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MALAYSIA

2 TRANSANA VERSION 2.2 MANAGINGYOUR DATA TRANSCRIPTION What do you need TRANSANA for? AUDIO/VIDEO VERBATIM (Utterances and contents) OBSERVATION (Behavior/ Physical Movements/Features or Facial Expression) Q1: RELEVANT RQ? (USING TRANSANA) Q2: DO YOU HAVE YOUR AUDIO/VIDEO DATA? Transcribe your data together with the data source on the same displayed window Code and Categorize Transcription on the same displayed window Collect and Organize the codes on the same displayed window Interview Interaction Presentation Movie clips Computer /video games etc. Synchronized transcription with audio/video (shows validity and authenticity of your transcription) Unlikely to lose/miss out important audio/video data

3 TRANSANA VIDEO/AUDIO DATA ANALYSIS

4 EXAMPLE OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. How does assistance occur in reviewing the lesson plan? a) What type of roles that were established during the assistance? b) What kind of the assistance employed? 2. What evidence of knowledge development is present in reviewing the lesson plan?

5 PLANNING Recognize matters and queries relevant to RQ Form Database Tree System that can be probed in many ways and selected contents restructured with flexibilities STAGE 1 Organizing / Arranging STAGE 2 Building Database Tree OPEN CODING AUDIO/VIDEO DATA SOURCE Keep digitized data in series and episodes from Database tree. Systemized Transcribing of Data Gathered from Sources and Synchronization of Transcript and Audio Label Folder at Database Tree System and Link/Relate to Desired Portion of Data to Expand Revise and Refine Database Tree STAGE 3 AXIAL CODING Reviewing-Retrieving Nodes STAGE 4 Frameworking Probing and Seeking Desired Portion in Transcription for Study Create Main Categories/Collection and Reconfirm the accuracy Discerning & Excerpting STAGE 5: Scrutinizing SELECTIVE CODING Export to Excel Triangulation Technique with other data collecting methods and sources to support Evidence for a functional Framework of TF2F CKB Activity COMPLETE ANALYSIS

6 HOW TO START TRANSANA Create a folder on your hard drive and save your media files there. Double Click Transana 2.22 on your Desktop. The single-user version of Transana prompts you to select a database.

7 When you first open Transana you will need to create a database. Keep this name simple and do not include spaces or punctuation. YOURPROJECT

8 Click Yes. Once you have selected a database, you see the Transana main screen:

9 Menu Bar provides basic Transana program controls Visualization displays a waveform of the audio/video in the video/audio window Transcript provides tools for transcribing the video in the Video window. Video/audio displays the video/audio you are analyzing Data provides an overview of the structure of your data

10 TERMS IN TRANSANA VIDEO/AUDIO DATA ANALYSIS

11 Transana's Organizational Structure Transana is designed to allow researchers to work with large collections of audio/video. It provides various tools for organizing, analyzing, and retrieving audio/videos, segments of audio/videos, and transcriptions of audio/videos. It also allows you to link a transcription to a video/audio so that you can move seamlessly through both at the same time (time coding). Each of your original video/audio files is represented in Transana's database as an episode. An episode entry in the Transana database contains information about a single digital video file. You group episodes into series; series describe the logical connection

12 SAMPLE

13 Uploading Video and Audio Data to Transana Locate the Data window on the right hand side and right click on Series and click on Add Series - A dialogue box will appear and will ask for a Series ID. Name this series and click OK. The series could be named after your name, site/classroom, event or type of data.

14 The same structure is followed in the analysis portion of Transana. The basic unit of analysis is the clip, which is a portion of an episode that you identify as analytically interesting.

15 Clips are organized into thematic collections. Your collection structure reflects the theoretical structure of your qualitative analysis.

16 TRANSCRIBING Adding a Transcript Whenever you add an Episode, Transana automatically prompts you to create a transcript. The dialog box looks like this: If you have an existing transcript for your audio/video, you can save that transcript as a Rich Text Format (*.rtf) file in most word processors, then import it into Transana through this screen.

17 Transcription within Transana is a manual process. Voice recognition technology is not sophisticated enough in most instances to produce anything useful from the video people collect for analysis. With a little practice you will find that transcription is easy, and Transana's transcription tools are not difficult to use.

18 Follow these directions to transcribe: 1. In Transcription window, click the Edit Mode icon ( ). When you do this, all the icons on the Transcription toolbar are enabled, and the Transcription window is in Edit mode. 2. Press Ctrl-S to start the video. Listen for a few second, then press Ctrl-S again to pause the video. Type what you hear. 3. Press Ctrl-S again to restart the video. Transana automatically rewinds the video two seconds to give you time to get your bearings. This is a standard feature of transcription devices. Continue to use Ctrl-S to start and stop the video as necessary as you transcribe the audio. Insert a blank line in the transcript each time the speaker / utterance /turn changes. You will find it much easier to work with your transcript if you add this visual demarcation of speaker change. 4. Click the Save icon periodically. Be sure to save when finished.

19 Note these other features you might find useful: Ctrl-A starts the audio/video with a tensecond rewind. Ctrl-D starts with audio/video with no rewind. Ctrl-F moves the audio/video forward by ten seconds. NEXT STAGE

20 TRANSANA VIDEO/AUDIO DATA ANALYSIS

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22 Adding Time Codes One of Transana's most powerful features is its ability to link specific points in an audio/video with the corresponding points in the transcription. You create this correlation when you insert time codes. Time Codes are markers ( ) placed in a transcript that help Transana synchronize the transcript and the video. It is usually standard to place time codes at least at the beginning of each turn by each speaker.

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24 TRANSANA VIDEO/AUDIO DATA ANALYSIS

25 Creating a Collection Use for holding clips that are somehow related to each other. Therefore, before you can identify a clip, you need to create a collection to put it in. In the Data window, right-click the Collections node, and select Add Collection. You see a dialog box that looks like this:

26 CREATING CLIPS Make sure that time codes are visible in your transcript. Use the mouse to highlight the sentence YOU FIND AS DATA. Move your mouse pointer over the highlight, hold down your left mouse button, drag the highlighted text to the SPECIFIC COLLECTION FOLDER and release the mouse button. You see the Add Clip dialog box:

27 Identify Unit of Analysis Insert Time Codes Coding Procedure Using Transana Indicate real rapid utterances from data Conversation turns (utterances) to build knowledge Directory System Hierarchical Tree Structure Allow the audio and transcription synchronously appeared for reliable selection of evidence. Forming Critical Output (CO) Audio Clips Interesting/ Important Assistance Process Branch Points in the nodes : Codes Process of Creating Item at nodes : Coding Collection & Nested Collection containing discovery of crucial utterances about COs with memo contain

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29 EXAMPLE OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. How does assist each other in reviewing a journal article? a) What type of roles that were established during the assistance? b) What kind of the assistance mechanisms employed? 2. What evidence of knowledge development is present in reviewing the article critically?

30 ANALYSIS FRAMEWROK Extract for findings

31 EXAMPLE OF KEYWORDS FINDINGS / CODING DESCRIPTORS KEYWORD GROUP KEYWORD DEFINITION/DESCRIPTORS Established Roles Expert A member or members in a group who provide extensive assistance and idea towards solving problem. Novice A member in a group who needs and receives assistance or ideas from other members in the group to solve a problem.

32 KEYWORD GROUP KEYWORD DEFINITION/DESCRIPTORS Collaborative Conversational Turns Formulating Problem (FRM) Participants devise or invent the issue/problem for discussion purposes. - suggesting, proposing, analyzing, or identifying the problem. - analysis or clarification of the problem. - suggestions, proposals, or questions concerning particular approaches to the problem. - integrating teaching theory with the problem. Asking for Information Participants ask question to gain information and not to express ideas.

33 Identify Unit of Analysis Insert Time Codes Coding Procedure Using Transana Indicate real rapid utterances from data Conversation turns (utterances) to build knowledge Directory System Hierarchical Tree Structure Allow the audio and transcription synchronously appeared for reliable selection of evidence. Forming Critical Output (CO) Audio Clips Interesting/ Important Assistance Process Branch Points in the nodes : Codes Process of Creating Item at nodes : Coding Collection & Nested Collection containing discovery of crucial utterances about COs with memo contain

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36 Follow these directions : 1. To create a keyword group, right-click the Keywords node in the database tree, then click Add Keyword Group.

37 You see the following dialog box: 2. Enter Demonstration Established Role Keywords and click OK. Transana creates your first keyword group. Established Roles Keywords

38 Please note that this keyword group will not be saved in the Transana database until you put some keywords in it! 3. The next step is to add a keyword to this group. Right-click Demonstration Established Role Keywords, then click Add Keyword from the resulting menu. Established Roles

39 Type in the keyword Expert and an optional definition, then click OK. Established Keyword Expert A member or members in a group who provide extensive assistance and idea towards solving problem.

40 4. Now using the same procedure, add the other relevant keywords. Note that each keyword is added to the database tree as you enter it. Established Keyword Expert

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