Oracle on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server

Transcription

1 Oracle on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Technical Introduction Arun Singh Software Engineer Consultant March 24, 2006

2 Agenda Oracle - Introduction orarun package Tuning Aspects Installation Tips Installation Q&A 2

3 Enterprises are Shifting to Open Today's Enterprise: Multiple platforms, proprietary technologies, management and security challenges Increased leverage of IT skills and assets Proprietary Systems Improved security and manageability Interoperability challenges Growing security threats Lack of vendor choice Tomorrow s Open Enterprise: Performance, reliability, and world-class support on standards-based, open platforms Open Systems Spiralling costs 3 Vendor flexibility Dramatic reductions in operating costs

4 Introducing: SUSE Linux Enterprise 10 The platform for the open enterprise. 4 Built-in application security Virtualization Integrated systems management Supported on the full range of hardware architectures.

5 Novell's Comprehensive Ecosystem User Communities Training Applications Data Center Desktop Workgroup Resource Management Database SUSE Linux Enterprise Operating Systems10 Worldwide Technical Support Developer Communities 5 Security & Identity Independent Software Vendors User Interface Applications Education Independent Hardware Vendors Worldwide Consulting Services

6 Oracle: Brief Introduction

7 Novell and Oracle Partner Strong Partnership Technology and Business Planning Relationship since first Oracle-Linux version on SUSE 6.0 Engineer on-site at Oracle Regular Technical Meetings Bugs, Customer problem escalation, Future features, etc. Combined Testing Efforts 7 Testing, Supporting partners/customers on technical issues New OS, Service Packs, Oracle Patches, OCFS2, etc.

8 Supported Oracle Platforms 8 Oracle Supported Platforms Linux x86 Linux x86-64 (AMD64, EM64T) Linux IA64 (Itanium Processor Family) IBM zseries (S/390) Linux for POWER

9 Supported Oracle Products All key Oracle products are certified to run on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) Oracle Database Server - Oracle 9iR2, 10gR1, 10gR2, etc. Oracle Application Server - Oracle ias 10g, 10gR2, 10gR3 Oracle Collaboration Suite , 10g Oracle E-Business Suite - Oracle Apps 11i (11.5.9), ( ) Oracle Developer Suite Oracle JDeveloper 10gR3 (10.1.3) Check Certify on Oracle MetaLink ( for current certification status of each products. 9

10 Oracle Database Server 10g Application Server Grid Database Grid Highest Quality of Service Lowest Cost Easiest to Manage Grid Control Storage Grid 10

11 Oracle Products In Action Business Intelligence Tools Web Services Packaged Applications Source: Oracle Magazine, March/April

12 Oracle Database Server 10g Oracle Database Server 10g Available in various bundling Enterprise Edition Standard Edition (4 CPU) Standard Edition One (2 CPU) Personal Edition (full featured for individuals) Lite Edition (mobile devices) Express Edition (free version) Easy upgrade to 10g from Oracle 8i & Oracle 9i 12 Check Metalink for version compatibility details.

13 Oracle Database 10gR1 Features 13 Released in Sept Self Managing Database Improved installation Automatic SGA (System Global Area) Management Data Pump Job Scheduler Flashback Database Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) SQL Tuning and Access adviser RMAN (Recovery Manager) Web Based Enterprise Manager

14 Oracle Database 10gR2 Features 14 Released in June 2005 Improved Automatic Storage System (ASM) Automatic Backup and Recovery Secure Backup Fault Tolerant Standby Data Provisioning Real Application Clusters (RAC) Improved Enterprise Manager Self Managing Database Improvements Improved DB Control, Job Scheduler Native XML Query Support in the Database Application Express Web Application Development

15 Oracle Database Express Edition (XE) Released in February 2006 (10gR2 based) Free to develop, deploy and distribute Easy to Install and Remove (rpm format) Small foot print (Less RAM and Disk Space required) Limitations Restricted to use system resources up to: 15 Developers, DBA's, ISV's, and Educational Institutions and Students 4GB of user data 1 GB RAM 1 CPU only 32 bit Linux (x86) only Fully Upgradeable to Oracle 10gR2 Enterprise Edition

16 Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Application Scalability High Availability Node & Database instance no longer represent single point of failure Storage Options 16 Add instances against same database files providing more Oracle processes and increasing number of users OCFS2, ASM, NFS, & RAW file system

17 Oracle RAC Instance Architecture Public Network Nodeapps: Vip, ons, gsd ASM inst DB inst 1 CRS Node 1 Private Network ASM inst DB inst 2 Node 2 Vote DB Shared Storage Private Network ASM inst DB inst 3 CRS OCR 17 Nodeapps: Vip, ons, gsd Nodeapps: Vip, ons, gsd CRS Node 3

18 Oracle Products Roadmap Oracle Authorized Source: 18

19 orarun : Must have package

20 orarun : What it is? 20 orarun is SUSE Linux rpm-package for easy, and effortless Oracle Database Install. orarun is part of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server You can download latest version of orarun from Novell ftp site: SLES 9: ftp://ftp.novell.com/partners/oracle/sles-9/ SLES10: ftp://ftp.novell.com/partners/oracle/sles-10

21 orarun : What it does? Set up user oracle, groups dba, oinstall Set Oracle environment variables 21 ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, TNS_ADMIN, ORA_NLS33, etc. Set SUSE Linux Kernel parameters Shared memory: shmmax, shmmni, shmall, shm-use-bigpages Semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni Network (for RAC): ip_local_port_range, (r w)mem_(max default) Limits: max. open files, max. processes, max core-file size, vm_mapped_ratio

22 orarun : What it does? Provide Start/Stop script for Oracle services Increase oracle user's shell limits /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/pam.d/login Provides symlinks for some Oracle products that expect at non-standard places. Provides helper library for Oracle 9i on SLES9 (32bit) 22 Oracle DB, listener, Enterprise Manager, etc. libinternalsymbols

23 orarun : Main Components /etc/init.d/oracle 23 start/stop scripts for Oracle Database and other services. /etc/sysconfig/oracle Central place for variables used by start/stop scripts. Use YaST to modify orarun variables. /etc/profile.d/oracle.[c]sh Pre-defined Oracle environment variables. Edit this file as per your oracle environment.

24 orarun : YaST Interface /sbin/yast2 - System -/etc/sysconfig Editor Search for ORACLE to list available parameters Run /etc/init.d/oracle as user root to apply new changes 24

25 Tuning Aspects

26 Optimizations OS Remember: Select certified hardware and components Server should be tuned for specific task CPU intensive Database intensive Optimize your server hard disk usage swap on different disk Partition layout Use RAID Monitor Server Resources bit, or 64 bit top, vmstat, sar, iostat, slabtop, strace, etc.

27 Optimizations VM /proc/sys/vm/swappiness Default value is 60 Set Higher value means ideal applications/services are removed from the memory, allowing the memory to be used for I/O caching Set Lower value, If you don't want applications to be removed from memory in favor of I/O caching i.e. avoid swapping. i.e. echo 10 /proc/sys/vm/swappiness 27 use vmstat to monitor

28 Optimizations IO 28 I/O Scheduler Default SLES scheduler is cfq works well Select at boot time or modify grub entry i.e. elevator=xxx Select one of four schedulers cfq or deadline or as or noop Try deadline for disk intensive database application Try as for fileservers with mostly reads Try noop with fast storage system with lots of cache. Tune the I/O Scheduler /sys/block/sdx/queue/iosched/quantum - Default value is 4 Lower value Shorter latency but lower data throughput Higher Value Longer latency but higher data throughput

29 Optimizations IO I/O Subsystem /sys/block/sdx/queue/read_ahead /sys/block/sdx/queue/nr_requests 29 Increase from 128 to 512 for fast SCSI disks or RAID. Increase from 128 to 256 if CFQ scheduler and fast storage is used to boost the data throughput.

30 Optimizations AIO/DIO Asynch I/O, Direct I/O You need libaio libraries from OS i.e. rpm -q libaio Oracle 10gR2 is enabled (default) 30 Older Oracle products 9iR2/10gR1 must be relinked with async_on» make PL_ORALIBS=-laio -f ins_rdbms.mk async_on» make PL_ORALIBS=-laio -f ins_rdbms.mk ioracle init.ora settings : filesystemio_options=xxx Default is NONE asynch to enable ASYNCH only directio to enable Direct IO only (filesystem must support) setall both Asynch and Direct IO is enabled.

31 Optimizations Oracle Tools Oracle 9i Install STATSPACK Collect statistics (PL/SQL) and Analyze performance sqlplus / as EXECUTE statspack.snap and run spreport.sql Oracle 10g AWR (Automatic Workload Repository) Built into Oracle Kernel (no SQL) and Collects data every 60 min. (default) Reports ( HTML via Enterprise Manager)» ADDM (Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor) 31 Manual: SQL@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql Reports are based on AWR snapshots

32 Summary : Oracle on SUSE Linux SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (update with latest Service Packs) Scales better for SMP's Improved I/O Features Configure I/O Properly Ensure HBA's cache is enable Use RAID and analyze performance with different block sizes Enable AIO/Direct IO 32 Adjust filesystemio_option in init.ora (Default is NONE) Performance Analysis Use Enterprise Manager Performance Analysis feature to collect and analyze data. Correlate OS and Database Reports to isolate problem area

33 Installation Tips

34 SUSE Linux Required Packages Packages Default SUSE Linux Package Selection C/C++ Compiler and Tools Oracle Server Base Other useful packages sysstat Provides sar, iostat, mpstat, etc. OCFS2 34 Provides orarun package ocfs2-tools & ocfs2console

35 SUSE Linux Version Check 35 Verify SUSE Linux version before installing Oracle SPident /etc/suse-release uname

36 SUSE Linux File System Selection 36 ReiserFS v3 Scalable & Performant Best for lot of small files EXT3 Performant Best for small file systems (few files) XFS Scalable & Performant Best for lot of large files

37 SUSE Linux Oracle 10gR2 Problem: Oracle 10gR2 Universal Installer reports unsupported OS on SUSE Linux Enterprise 10 based products. Solution: Start Oracle Installer with ignoresysprereqs option. i.e../runinstaller -ignoresysprereqs 37

38 SUSE Linux Oracle 10gR2 Problem: Oracle 10gR2 Installation will hang at link time due to incorrect syntax in $ORACLE_HOME/bin/gennttab file.... LIB=`$ECHO ${TtoLIB} $SED 's/ /\\ /g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK -F: '{print $2}'` INI=`$ECHO ${TtoINI} $SED 's/ /\\ /g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK -F: '{print $2}'` BAS=`$ECHO ${TtoBAS} $SED 's/ /\\ /g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK -F: '{print $2}'`... 38

39 SUSE Linux Oracle 10gR2 Fix Solution: Once Installer copies gennttab file, edit line LIB, INI & BAS in $ORACLE_HOME/bin/gennttab before linking starts. LIB=`$ECHO ${TtoLIB} $SED 's/ /\\ /g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK -F: '{print $2}'` Correct Syntax: LIB=`$ECHO ${TtoLIB} -F: '{print $2}'` $SED 's/ /\n/g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK INI=`$ECHO ${TtoINI} -F: '{print $2}'` $SED 's/ /\n/g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK BAS=`$ECHO ${TtoBAS} $SED 's/ /\n/g' $GREP "^${T}:" $AWK -F: '{print $2}'` 39

40 Installation - Oracle Express Edition

41 Installation Oracle Database XE Download rpm from Oracle Technology Network Install Oracle Database XE package 41 rpm -ivh oracle-xe i386.rpm

42 Installation Oracle Database XE Configure - /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure 42 set HTTP port, listener port, SYS/SYSTEM password, etc.

43 Oracle Database XE Administration Web Access i.e Login as Database Administrator (SYS or SYSTEM)

44 Installation Oracle Enterprise Edition

45 Oracle 10g Pre Installation task 45 Install orarun package Change oracle entry (/bin/false to /bin/bash) in /etc/passwd Set password for user oracle i.e. passwd oracle Set Linux Kernel Parameters SET_ORACLE_KERNEL_PARAMETERS="yes" (default) in /etc/sysconfig/oracle to load at boot time. /etc/init.d/oracle start

46 Oracle 10g Post Installation Task Edit /etc/oratab Oracle Database start at boot time 46 Change your Oracle Database Instance to Y Edit /etc/sysconfig/oracle or use YaST to change Startup parameters i.e. Change START_ORACLE_DB= yes $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart 10gR1: Fix ORATAB location to /etc/oratab or create sym link 10gR2: Fix ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

47 Installation Check Login as a user oracle (not root) and check environment variables. 47

48 Installation Choice Select Advanced Installation for customization. Enter Database Password (Oracle tools expects non empty password) 48

49 Installation Continue 49

50 Installation OS Checks If asked validate User Verified and retry. 50

51 Installation Continue Bash script problem is fixed in SUSE Linux Beta8 51

52 Installation Database Configuration dbca to create/configure/drop database 52

53 Installation Complete Login as root and run scripts to complete installation. 53

54 Oracle Enterprise Manager 54

55 SQLPLUS Command Line Start/Stop Database Set/Check Database Parameters 55 SQLALTER SYSTEM SET filesystemio_options= SETALL SCOPE=SPFILE

56 isql Plus Browser Interface 56

57 Question & Answers

58 New in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Enhanced data center deployment and management Xen 3 virtualization Support for Intel Vanderpool and AMD Pacifica dramatically improves system utilization and optimizations for multi-core processors Improved performance and SMP scalability Advanced management, instrumentation, and monitoring tools Expanded hardware support Support for latest hardware: storage, networking, platform management, graphics, audio, Bluetooth and USB devices Enhanced storage capabilities: Storage foundation for HA-clusters integrating Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS), EVMS and Heartbeat; NFS v4; iscsi Unmatched security SUSE Linux Enterprise Sever is theapplication best-engineered Only Linux server with built-in securitylinux server, the best choice for mission-critical workloads.

59 New in SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 New levels of end user productivity Powerful desktop productivity tools: , desktop search, Firefox Web browser, Instant messaging, multi-media OpenOffice.org 2.0 office suite and Visual Basic macro conversion Easy-to-learn desktop environment with advanced animations and rendering Seamless integration with enterprise systems Enhanced hardware support for USB and Bluetooth devices Seamless connectivity to mixed networks, including Novell edirectory and Active Directory Printer support including auto driver download and installation, MS printer support Flexible deployment options Thin and thick-client deployment Easy deployment and desktop lock-down Novell is #1 on the Linux desktop, providing vendor choice and dramatic costs savings for basic office workers 59

60 Information Novell General: Novell SUSE/Oracle mailing list : suse-oracle@suse.com Installation Documents and White papers: Oracle 60 SW Downloads: Certify and Patches: Oracle Discussion Forums : httpl//forums.oracle.com Oracle Online Documents: Oracle XE: Oracle 10gR2:

61

62 Unpublished Work of Novell, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This work is an unpublished work and contains confidential, proprietary, and trade secret information of Novell, Inc. Access to this work is restricted to Novell employees who have a need to know to perform tasks within the scope of their assignments. No part of this work may be practiced, performed, copied, distributed, revised, modified, translated, abridged, condensed, expanded, collected, or adapted without the prior written consent of Novell, Inc. Any use or exploitation of this work without authorization could subject the perpetrator to criminal and civil liability. General Disclaimer This document is not to be construed as a promise by any participating company to develop, deliver, or market a product. Novell, Inc., makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents of this document, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc., reserves the right to revise this document and to make changes to its content, at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes. All Novell marks referenced in this presentation are trademarks or registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All third-party trademarks are the property of their respective owners.