Concertedactions: installingcollective(green)

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Ursula Richard
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1 DIME Workshop march 17th 2011, Cardiff Associate Professor, JesperL. Christensen, Aalborg University, Denmark: Concertedactions: installingcollective(green) entrepreneurship. Danish experiences. (briefly on The room for demand-driven eco-innovation policies) GRIEG: Green Regional Innovation, Entrepreneurship & Governance

installingcollective(green) entrepreneurship. Danish experiences.

2 Demand-driven eco innovation? Alfred Marshall: supply and demand go hand-in-hand Doesthe top blade orthe bottomblade of a pair of scissorscut Eco-innovationpolicies? supplydriven Macropoliciesrestrictedby disagreements, China/India problem area, incomedispersion and (fair) claimsfor equalopportunities, culture,,,, Makes regional (small scale) policies even more relevant

pair of scissorscut Eco-innovationpolicies?

3 Demand-driven eco innovation? Aim in this presentation: Combinethe (green) entrepreneurshipand the localdrive (demand) Top-down regulations numerous Demand(exept for public procurement and cunsumer subsidy)? What are possibilities to change demand(and should it be changed)?

localdrive (demand) Top-down regulations numerous Demand(exept for

5 A broader view of inducing green demand beyond consumer price subsidies and public procurement Green Entrepreneurship: private or public actions that act as vehicles for policies or practices to induce and introduce Green Innovation Green demand For the already saved : information, arguments, documentation,, For the masses : visible, tangible, close, on a daily basis linked to the local engagement (?) If this is an important pre-requisite, then how is that induced? -some feature of how the Danish (civil) society is organised as a basis for (later) development of green strongholds

arguments, documentation,, For the masses : visible, tangible, close, on a daily basis linked to the local engagement (?

6 Going green the impact of local activities Very generally, basic: The association The heritage from cooperative movement Craft schools (Grundtvig, UK inspired) the Danish case has some special characteristics, which distinguishes it from many other nations and regions. One important feature is the century-old, deep-rooted egalitarian beliefs of the society,,. Recently, the development towards a knowledge based world economy has increased the importance of another feature with an small egalitarian country: the,,, ease in the exchange of information resulting from established trust-relations. (Learning in the Village Economy of Denmark. The role of Institutions and Policy in Sustaining Competitiveness," DRUID Working Papers 96)

Recently, the development towards a knowledge based world economy has increased the importance of another feature with an small egalitarian country: the,,, ease in the exchange of

7 Going green the impact of local activities More specifically: LAG 51 org. By far the most active in Europe local development projects in 4 years. Social entrepreneurship/-capital. second-order institutionalisation = informal institutions (norms, values, attitudes,,) embedded in PROJECTS Wait a minute rural is not (necessarily) green! True, but an important basis for a lively, local engagement in collective green entrepreneurship ( ecopreneurs) And even more specifically: an example -

second-order institutionalisation = informal institutions (norms, values, attitudes,,) embedded in PROJECTS Wait a minute

Policy scheme: Local, green partnerships 2010 2015 Collaboration with Municipalities, environment

8 Policy scheme: Local, green partnerships Collaboration with Municipalities, environment protection organisations,,, Local partners the driven forces : 133 projects in 65 municipalities (of 99)

9 Objectives: To increase possibilities for voluntarily initiatives and projects to enhancelocalembeddednessand localresponsibilityfor environmental protection Many partners included in each project Municipalities, firms, ngo s, /associations, citizengroups,,, Involvement and collaboration are key words

environmental protection Many partners included in each project

necessary Special priorities: Projects aimed on inclusion of new user groupsof

10 Projects must be about: Increased quality of nature Increasing access to nature Increased dissemination and knowledge on the environment Local Co-financing necessary Special priorities: Projects aimed on inclusion of new user groupsof nature etnicyoung, socially disfavoured groups,, Priorities to projects with massive, local involvement

11 PentaHelix? Adding ngo s/voluntary, local work and local entrepreneurs Reflections and lessons It has become an element in regional strategies to support local entrepreneurs as a source of (green) change. Increased demand for planning pro active work with new ideas, projects, activities (Plan 09) Since 1970s a gradual move from top-down planning with typically calling in opinions in the very end of the procestowards open, including planning with citizens being part of it from the start. Not only for reasons of increasing democracy, also (rather) increase resources, visions and knowledge outside planning agencies. Local and green may be closely linked Embeddedness in local projects creates local, sustainable capabilities Although many of our problems seem huge, global, the local/regional level is still relevant and appropriate for policies

Increased demand for planning pro active work with new ideas, projects, activities (Plan 09) Since 1970s a gradual move from top-down planning with typically calling in opinions in the very end of

12 A coupleof furtherpolicy lessonsfrom Danish energypoliciesand industrial development(b.g.) 1. The high degree of diversity between different energy technologies implies that an effectual innovation and energy policy has to take into account these differences. Policy initiatives have to be technology specific (technology sensitive innovation policy depending on for instance degree of technology and market maturity) 2. New emerging energy technologies and energy systems as for instance solar energy requires public support stimulating both supply and demand side in order to be competitive with established fossil fuel technologies (for instance Public Innovative Procurement as a direct policy tool). 3. A broad mix of demand-pull and technology-push policies is necessary, if new renewable energy technologies as for instance solar energy should develop into a serious contributor to Danish energy production and at the same time generate future opportunities for Danish companies. (R&D is not enough, renewable energy technologies requires market support; coordination and long term strategies/policies, avoid Stop-Go policy)

Policy initiatives have to be technology specific (technology sensitive innovation policy depending on for instance degree of technology and market maturity) 2.

13 A coupleof furtherpolicy lessonsfrom Danish energypoliciesand industrial development 4.Continued innovation requires variety with room for experimentation and evaluation of alternative solutions to technological, organizational and institutional problems. 5.Maintaining a long-term, pro-active policy with specific and ambitious targets for implementing renewable energy systems is essential. Especially domestic competence building and interaction + international collaboration 6. Stimulating democratic participation in the design and implementation of innovation, and broad social accept, local participation and experimentation is instrumental in achieving these objectives

5.Maintaining a long-term, pro-active policy with specific and ambitious targets for implementing renewable energy systems is essential.

14 Alternatives??

15 15 Thank you for your attention

schemes for non-investment projects

"Inteligent Energy in cities financing schemes for non-investment projects under IEE Programme Antonina Kaniszewska IEE National Contact Point Competitiveness and Innovation framework Programme (CIP) (2007-2013)