Rommel Cabrera/IFRC. Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan 18-month progress report

Transcription

1 Rommel Cabrera/IFRC Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan 18-month progress report

2 The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement Humanity The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavours, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. Its purpose is to protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. It promotes mutual understanding, friendship, cooperation and lasting peace amongst all peoples. Impartiality It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavours to relieve the suffering of individuals, being guided solely by their needs, and to give priority to the most urgent cases of distress. Neutrality In order to enjoy the confidence of all, the Movement may not take sides in hostilities or engage at any time in controversies of a political, racial, religious or ideological nature. Independence The Movement is independent. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be able at all times to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement. Voluntary service It is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire for gain. Unity There can be only one Red Cross or Red Crescent Society in any one country. It must be open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian work throughout its territory. Universality The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, in which all societies have equal status and share equal responsibilities and duties in helping each other, is worldwide. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Manila, 2015 Any part of this publication may be cited, copied, translated into other languages or adapted to meet local needs without prior permission from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, provided that the source is clearly stated. Requests for commercial reproduction should be directed to the IFRC Secretariat at secretariat@ifrc.org All photos used in this study are copyright of the IFRC unless otherwise indicated. Cover photo: Rommel Cabrera/IFRC P.O. Box 303 CH-1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland Telephone: Telefax: secretariat@ifrc.org Web site: Typhoon Haiyan: 18-month progress report Follow us:

3 Table of contents Welcome note 3 Foreword 5 A note on reading this report 6 Operational overview 8 Shelter upholding human dignity 10 Livelihoods road to hope 12 Healthcare engaging communities for better health outcomes 14 Water, sanitation and hygiene promotion pillars of public health 16 Education empowering children with knowledge for a better future 18 Disaster risk reduction strengthening community resilience 20 Accountability 22 Programmatic analysis 25 Financial overview 28 Annex 1. Notes and methodology regarding the programmatic progress indicators 33 Annex 2. Notes and methodology regarding presentation of combined financial data 40 Annex 3. Red Cross Red Crescent National Societies and organizations involved in Typhoon Haiyan relief and recovery efforts 44 1

4 2

5 Welcome note Eighteen months have passed since Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda) struck the Philippines on 8 November Among the strongest typhoons to ever make landfall, Haiyan ripped through the Central Visayas region with 300kph winds and heavy rainfall, triggering floods, mudslides and storm surges that wiped out entire coastal villages and towns. The typhoon affected more than 16 million people, claimed at least 6,000 lives and damaged or destroyed 1.1 million homes. More than 4 million people were evacuated for their own safety. The scale of destruction to infrastructure, health and community facilities, agriculture and livelihoods remains unprecedented in the Philippines. Given that the Philippines is one of the most disasterprone countries in the world, the Filipino people are no strangers to adversity. With their inherent spirit of resilience they have rallied to restore their homes and livelihoods. The last 18 months have seen families and communities torn apart by this disaster, not only reassemble their lives, but also recover by rebuilding their houses and communities. Many families who suffered the impact of the typhoon now have safer new homes with proper water and sanitation facilities, and greater options for income generation. Having gained new skill-sets through trainings, many have better work opportunities, and barangya (village) projects which benefit all community members are underway. Children are attending classes in schools with improved educational resources, and sanitation facilities. Families have greater access to rehabilitated health amenities that are well equipped with medical supplies. The Philippine Red Cross, together with its network of community-based volunteers who are spread throughout the country, has played a key role in achieving these outcomes. The Red Cross volunteers continue to be the backbone of the operation. They were on standby before the typhoon struck ready to respond, ready to serve. Now, well into the reco very period, they continue to serve communities with selflessness and dedication, a shining example of the Philippine Red Cross tenet: always first, always ready, always there. This 18-month Movement-wide report highlights the progress and achievements made through collective efforts of our Red Cross Red Crescent partners in support of the Philippine Red Cross overall emergency response and recovery plan for those affected by Typhoon Haiyan. My heartfelt gratitude and appreciation to our Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners for their unfailing support to the Philippine Red Cross in serving the needs of those affected. No less than 137 Participating National Societies together with the Inter national Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the International Committee of the Red Cross have helped us in serving the most vulnerable people in the Philippines. My thanks also to the generous and invaluable support from other countries, the Filipino people, and those who have continued to support us nationally through cash, in-kind donations and prayers. It is with your help and encouragement that we, as a Red Cross Red Crescent Movement, have been able to move forward on our mandate in serving vulnerable people and communities, and strengthening their resilience. Thank you. Richard J. Gordon Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Philippine Red Cross Manila 3

6 Rommel Cabrera/IFRC To strengthen community resilience, the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement is providing Typhoon Haiyan affected households with shelter repair assistance, core shelters, livelihood support, and repairing and equipping health facilities and schools.

7 Foreword The sustained and diverse contributions of the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement towards the recovery of families devastated by Typhoon Haiyan exhibits its commitment to alleviate human suffering and uphold dignity by harnessing and mobilizing the power of humanity. Working together with communities, the Movement has transformed countless lives, not just of those affected by the disaster but also of its staff, donors and volunteers. While the Philippines is hit by an average of 20 major storms per year, the country has never experienced a disaster of Haiyan s magnitude. Responding to this disaster has required the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement to use innovative approaches in order to meet the needs of affected families and communities in a sustainable way, to leave a lasting positive impact. Continued coordination will be key in achieving the Movement s goals in catering to varied needs across a vast geographical area. Working as one through the Movement-wide operational framework adopted during the early stages of the operation, programmes are being implemented maintaining the highest standards of efficiency, effectiveness and accountability. households with shelter repair assistance and 13,157 families with core shelters; assisted 58,382 households with livelihood support for greater sustainability; and repaired and re-equipped 21 medical facilities through the rehabilitation of structures and provision of medical equipment. In addition to this, 28,000 households and 5,580 students have been reached with hygiene promotion activities, while 7,728 volunteers and community members have received training in disaster risk reduction and are better prepared to tackle future disasters. Both these activities not only reduce risk but also strengthen community resilience. The Movement also continues to support the capacity development of the National Society and its chapters through provision of equipment and training to enable them to better meet their commitments and achieve their mandate. While it will take the affected population a long time to fully recover and programmes are met with challenges, with the commitment and expertise of the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement coupled with the active participation and support of the communities, hope springs anew and families are well on their way to restarting their lives. A year and a half into the operation, the Philippine Red Cross with the support of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and Participating National Societies, has provided 40,296 Dr Gwendolyn T. Pang Secretary General Philippine Red Cross Manila Jaganath Chapagain Director, Asia Pacific IFRC Kuala Lumpur Boris Michel Regional Director for Asia Pacific ICRC Geneva 5

8 A note on reading this report Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda) struck the Philippines with devastating effect in November Since then through April 2015, the Philippine Red Cross has responded to multiple meteorological, geological and man-made events, including Typhoon Rammasun (Glenda), Typhoon Hagupit (Ruby), the threat of volcanic eruption (Mount Mayon), and several fire incidences in urban Manila. Despite this the Haiyan recovery operation has stayed on track. This report focuses on the outcomes of the collective efforts of the Movement. The Movement-wide operational framework continues to guide the recovery operation. This framework, which was agreed upon by all members of the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement early in the operation, ensures a single concerted approach in recovery initiatives through the sharing of information and the harmonization of activities, providing an overview of quality and accountability. This report comprises programmatic and financial information provided by the Philippine Red Cross, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the respective Participating National Societies, reflecting a consolidated portrait of data obtained from all parties. Programme indicators have been used to report against progress and achievements of the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement during the relief and reco very phases through mid-march The financial data in this report presents an overview of the Movement s contribution in response to Typhoon Haiyan from 8 November 2013 to 28 February Programmatic data for this report was provided by 14 Participating National Societies, the Philippine Red Cross, IFRC and ICRC. The programmatic indicators illustrate the key activities carried out in different sectors during the emergency relief and recovery phases. These do not, however, reflect the complete portfolio of each Red Cross Red Crescent Movement member, given the magnitude of this operation and the broad spectrum of support being provided. The programmatic indicators in this report encompass two phases of the operation: (i) the emergency phase (8 November 2013 through 28 February 2014), and (ii) the recovery phase (1 March 2014 onwards). In reality, however, the line between the two phases is blurred as many activities before and after contain elements of both relief and recovery. Figures reported during the relief phase are largely based on Philippine Red Cross data, given the National Society s continuous presence throughout the operation. This data has been used to cross-reference figures provided by other partners. 6

9 Data collection for the recovery phase of the operation is more clearly defined and accurately recorded. Again, Philippine Red Cross data has been used to cross-reference figures from other partners; however, the use of more methodical and focused data collection during this phase is helping to provide a clearer picture of reach and impact from the recovery activities in comparison to the relief phase. Data methodology continues to be refined to accommodate the evolving operational context, and may lead to the alteration of several indicators in this report, and subsequently, to changes in future figures reported. The financial data reported as of 28 February 2015 shows an analysis of funds received and spent for the operation. The financial information presented is reflective of the number of Red Cross Red Crescent Movement members reporting on it. Unaudited financial data has been provided by the IFRC, ICRC and 29 Participa ting National Societies, including the Philippine Red Cross. Hence, these figures may change, and as such, respective annual reports should be referred to for an overview of the final financial information. This report is divided into sections, beginning with an overview of the operation with an emphasis on the recovery phase. Indicators on programmatic achievements then follow with a financial overview, supplemented by annexes that provide more detail on both programmatic and financial indicators. A list of Red Cross Red Crescent members who have contributed to the Typhoon Haiyan relief and recovery effort is included in annex 3. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) refers to the IFRC secretariat and all member National Societies collectively. International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) refers to ICRC s headquarters in Geneva and delegations around the world. Red Cross Red Crescent Movement refers to ICRC in addition the IFRC secretariat and member National Societies. IFRC secretariat refers to the coordinating entity which represents the IFRC members. In the Typhoon Haiyan operation in the Philippines, the secretariat also performs an operational role in the implementation of programmes. For the purpose of Movement-wide reporting, the secretariat reports the income, expenditure and programme results of its operations in support of the Philippine Red Cross. Rommel Cabrera/IFRC Thus far, the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement has raised a total of 418 million Swiss francs (CHF) in support of its relief and recovery efforts. The majority of the funds received are from the general public and corporates. 7

10 The establishment of 689 barangay recovery committees to date has contributed to recovery planning, beneficiary selection process, prioritization of activities, and general oversight of the programmes. These committees have helped ensure an integrated approach to service delivery. Noel Celis/IFRC 8

11 Operational overview Financial overview Total Red Cross Red Crescent income as of 28 February 2015 Total Red Cross Red Crescent expenditure as of 28 February 2015 Total CHF 418 million CHF million The Philippine Red Cross was among the first responders to assist people affected by Typhoon Haiyan, and with the call for international support, the entire Red Cross Red Crescent Movement came together to boost the National Society s endeavour in responding to the disaster. This included food, emergency shelter, healthcare and medical services, access to safe water, improved sanitation and essential household needs. More than a year into the operation, the Movement s focus is now on achieving longterm goals. Many affected households have rebuilt their homes through shelter repair assistance, while others have worked together with Movement partners to build new safer houses for their families. Together with awareness raising and orientation in build back safer techniques, these households now have homes which will more readily withstand the onslaught of storms and floods. Livelihood grants have enabled those who lost the means to earn a living due to the disaster with the possibility to start up income generation activities. The youth are starting their individual training and enterprise development to acquire highly marketable skills. This will broaden their options and present them with more work opportunities in the long run. The rehabilitation and re-equipping of health facilities in rural areas damaged by Haiyan will enhance household access to essential medical and health services. Classrooms and water and sanitation facilities in schools that were used as evacuation centres during the storm, are being rehabilitated. This will not only provide school-going children with better amenities but also serve as evacuation centres for families seeking refuge in case of future disasters. In the provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Cebu, Iloilo, Leyte, Palawan, Samar and Eastern Samar the establishment of 659 barangay (village) recovery committees to date has contributed directly to the reco very planning, beneficiary selection process, prioritization of activities, and general oversight of the programmes. These committees have helped ensure an integrated approach to service delivery. The Philippine Red Cross continues to play the lead in Red Cross Red Crescent service delivery with the support of the IFRC, ICRC and Participating National Societies. Using the Movement-wide Operational Framework, all interventions are coordinated to ensure a harmonized approach to ensure duplication is avoided and gaps, covered. 9

12 Rommel Cabrera/IFRC Safety of community members is the primary concern for all Red Cross Red Crescent shelter-related activities. Communities and carpenters continue to be trained on build back safer techniques to enhance their skills and ensure a lasting and positive effect on the safety and adequacy of houses. Shelter upholding human dignity Shelter assistance Total Households provided with shelter repair assistance (Target: 50,000) 40,296 Households supported with core shelter (Target: 40,000) 13,157 Carpenters and craftspeople trained in shelter construction 3,568 When Typhoon Haiyan ravaged central Philippines in 2013, it left more than a million families homeless. Some sought refuge in evacuation centres while others moved in with relatives or friends. As the situation unfolded, it became clear that shelter was one of the most pressing concerns for the affected communities. During the relief phase of the operation, the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement collectively provided emergency shelter to more than 145,000 households. After 18 months, the Movement has reached 40,296 households with shelter repair assistance in the form of conditional cash grants and 38,401 households received corrugated galvanized iron sheets. More than 13,000 households have also been provided with core shelters that are made of durable materials and constructed using build back safer techniques. Some households have been relocated to safer sites. Safety is the primary concern for all Red Cross Red Crescent shelter-related activities that are being implemented. Building safer shelters, out of harm s way, has guided the Movement s shelter response. Communities and carpenters are also learning ways to build safer shelters, which ultimately ensures their safety and strengthens resilience. To give households a sense of ownership, communities are being actively engaged in the shelter reconstruction process, including decision-making. This is enabling the communities to prioritize their own needs. Hygiene is one of the key concerns since 10

13 sanitation facilities were damaged or destroyed by the typhoon. The Movement has responded by constructing latrines for more than 4,500 core shelters, most of which are fitted with septic tanks. The integration of water and sanitation in shelter activities has enabled the Movement to not only provide those affected with dignified and resilient shelters, but also reduce health risks for thousands of families. A safe and cosy home Twenty-six-year-old Rosalinda Funcion sits in the living room of her new house in Basey, Samar. Rosalinda is one of the many who lost everything during Typhoon Haiyan. When the storm made landfall, she was at her mother-in-law s house. Rosalinda s husband and two small children survived the impact of the storm. Save a few pieces of clothing, Rosalinda lost everything she had both her house as well as the kiosk which was the family s only source of income were completely destroyed. Even though they were left without money to rebuild their home and had to seek shelter with relatives for several months, Rosalinda and her family remained positive they were lucky to have survived. As part of the ECHO project implemented in consortium with the Philippine Red Cross, German Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross and Spanish Red Cross, more than 3,000 houses have been built so far. Rosalinda s family is among the many families who fit the criteria to receive a house, mainly because they have small children. The 18 square metre houses, like the one Rosalinda s family has received, are made of coco-lumber and bamboo. The typhoon tore down many trees. The Red Cross has salvaged this wood and used it for rebuilding houses. Applying build back safer principles, the new houses are elevated on concrete poles to avoid flood damages and the frame are strong enough to withstand future typhoons. This was proven in early-december 2014 when devastating Typhoon Hagupit followed the track of Haiyan. Rosalinda and her family find their newly built home very cosy. Red Cross Red Crescent is using locally available materials, empowering communities, families and individuals to build back their lives, and their livelihoods in a sustainable manner. 11 Finnish Red Cross

14 Livelihoods road to hope Livelihood support Total Households reached with unconditional cash grants 91,282 People supported through the provision of cash-for-work activities 23,237 Households that have benefited from livelihoods support grants (Target: 50,000) 58,382 Many among the 16 million people affected by Typhoon Haiyan not only lost their homes, loved ones and property, but the capacity to provide for the daily needs of their families. The typhoon disrupted economic activities in agriculture, livestock, fishing and aquaculture. Most of the affected households relied on these sectors for income. Noel Celis/IFRC During the relief phase, unconditional cash grants were provided to support households to cover immediate needs. More than 91,000 households were supported, some of whom used part of the grant to start income generation activities such as smallscale fishing or farming. Men and women were mobilized for clearing debris and remunerated for their work. Recovery committees, composed of community members were set up to advise and oversee the implementation of activities, and to allow for the active participation of communities in their recovery process. More than 58,000 households have received livelihoods assistance which comprises a conditional cash grant. Many recipients of these grants have invested in livestock or small business enterprises. The livelihood initiative comprises a range of approaches: household livelihoods assistance through conditional cash grants; skills training and enterprise development for youth; and community-managed livelihoods projects for overall community benefit. The Movement has reached more than 58,000 households with livelihoods assistance which comprises a conditional cash grant to enable families to kick-start their ventures. Many recipients of these grants have invested in livestock or small business enterprises. In collaboration with accredited vocational institutes, skills training and enterprise development capacity building for individuals is underway to provide them with market skills that are in demand. This will enable them to broaden their job opportunities. For the community-managed livelihood projects, the National Society is now reviewing and assisting in the development of proposals for community-based projects. A community-based participatory approach guides this phase to ensure that projects are compatible with existing skills, resources and capacities of the respective communities. The Movement s approach in the livelihoods programme helps foster a renewed sense of hope reassuring families that they can regain their independence and sustain their households and communities. 12

15 British Red Cross In squash there s cash: Micro-enterprise and other livelihoods Conditional cash grants have facilitated the self-recovery process of individuals, families, groups and communities who have been affected by the disaster. Liberty Gonzaga, and her husband Eduardo live with their 15-year-old son and 4-year-old grandson in a make-shift shelter in Barangay Zaragosa, Municipality of Balasan, Province of Iloilo. Liberty is one among the 127 families from the barangay who has benefitted from a conditional cash grant of 10,000 Philippine pesos (PHP) from the Philippine Red Cross-British Red Cross microenterprise and other livelihoods programme. Liberty has been engaged in vegetable farming since Prior to Typhoon Haiyan, she used to sow seeds given to her by friends and neighbours. She would sell the produce in the markets in Balasan and Estancia and earn an income of PHP 700 per week. Though their income was small, there was a sense of relief they could support their daily needs. The typhoon greatly damaged the family s crops. Liberty had to take a loan to buy gardening tools and seeds to restart with vegetable farming. They started growing and selling taro. However, a large percentage of the income from the sale of the produce went into paying the interest on the loan, leaving the family with little to sustain their daily needs and their son s education. She then became aware of the Red Cross microenterprise and other livelihoods programme and applied for a grant. Liberty s family was provided with a variety of seeds which enabled her to grow vegetables such as squash, gourd, ladies fingers, tomatoes, string beans, onion leaves, chillies among others. From the produce she sells at the Balasan market she now earns between PHP 1,200 to PHP 2,000 a week, which is sufficient to cover the family s needs. Liberty and her husband work hard together to ensure the success of their vegetable farm. Eduardo tills the soil, waters the plants and harvests them while Liberty sells the produce. From the vegetables they grow, squash has provided good returns since they can harvest these on a weekly basis. Liberty says, I can now support our needs, including my son s education. I no longer need to apply for loans to survive. We are able to consistently put savings in our micro-savings group. She also sells ice candy on consignment basis which generates an additional income of around PHP 600 a week. The livelihoods assistance extended by the Red Cross after Typhoon Haiyan was a huge help for us, she shares. Philippine Red Cross is also providing core shelters to families who lost their homes following Typhoon Haiyan. Liberty s family is also a recipient of a core shelter that is currently under construction. 13

16 Rommel Cabrera/IFRC The health programme aims to rehabilitate and provide 66 health facilities with essential medical equipment and supplies. Thus far, 21 facilities have been rehabilitated and equipped. Some of these facilities are in remote areas and will for the first time have dedicated rooms for clinics, overnight stays and women in labour. Healthcare engaging communities for better health outcomes Healthcare Total Health facilities where rehabilitation and reconstruction has started 47 Facilitators or community health volunteers trained using the communitybased health and first aid approach 2,223 People reached with psychosocial support 14,340 The enormous need for medical attention and functional health services was clear in the aftermath of the typhoon. Numerous rural health facilities were severely damaged by Haiyan, leaving these non-operational, and those in dire need without access to vital medical care. The Philippine Red Cross quickly responded by deploying their volunteers, staff and equipment to augment what was left of local health capacities. Through the emergency phase, the Philippine Red Cross was able to provide more than 28,000 people with immediate medical attention. More than 40,000 hygiene kits were distributed. Aside from addressing the immediate needs during the emergency phase, the Movement is also committed to supporting communities in reducing health risks and improving healthcare capacities. The health programme aims to rehabilitate and provide 66 rural health facilities with essential medical equipment and supplies. Of the set target, 21 facilities have already been rehabilitated and equipped. Another 26 facilities are currently undergoing rehabilitation. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement is also working together with government and other partners to rehabilitate and re-equip health facilities. The Community-based health and first aid (CBHFA) approach is also being implemented for disease prevention, health promotion, first aid training, and disaster 14

17 preparedness and response. Implemented by chapters and engaging local communities through simple tools adapted to local contexts, the programme enables communities to take charge of their own health by identifying priority health issues and developing action plans for disease prevention and a contingency plan for response in case of an emergency. Through CBHFA, 2,223 community health volunteers from 100 communities have been trained to support health programmes and augment primary healthcare services in their communities. Mobilizing volunteers and the Philippine Red Cross personnel, more than 40,000 individuals have been provided with health services, health promotion seminars and health referrals. The National Society has also assisted more than 700 malnourished children through a feeding programme and provided prenatal check-up for 660 expectant mothers across the Visayas region. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement has reached more than 5,500 older people and close to 21,000 children with community-based health activities. With an informed, trained and prepared population who can take charge of their own health and fully functioning medical facilities that are able to provide quality healthcare, the Movement continues to lay a sustainable foundation for healthy and resilient communities. Using simple tools adapted to local contexts, the CBHFA approach enables communities to take charge of their own health by identifying priority health issues and developing action plans for disease prevention. Making communities healthier In November 2013, Typhoon Yolanda hit and severely devastated our country, and my home in Daanbantayan, Cebu. The typhoon destroyed our home and everything we had. We were terrified of the strong winds, and felt very helpless. I saw our house broken into pieces. I couldn t believe what was happening. I saw a lot of houses being destroyed, trees were falling down, and properties damaged. During the typhoon, my family couldn t do anything, but to take cover under a table, cry, and call the presence of the Lord. We didn t have food to eat, clothes to wear, water to drink, shares Juvy Canales. Through the community-based health and first aid training we had, I gained knowledge about health and how to care for people. I have also learned about giving first aid to victims, and about safety. I have also learned more about the diseases, illnesses and other health issues my community is facing. There was also a discussion about how we are going to prevent these health issues, like cleaning our environment and proper waste segregation, adds Juvy. The Philippine Red Cross, in collaboration with the Japanese Red Cross Society, is working towards empowering communities to take charge of their own health. By using simple tools, adapted to the local context, communities are being mobilized to address and prioritize their health needs. The community-based health and first aid approach goes beyond simply teaching people first aid techniques. It also addresses health needs related to maternal, newborn and child health, urban health risks, malaria, water and sanitation and hygiene promotion, among many others. Philippine Red Cross 15

18 Philippine Red Cross Using the child hygiene and sanitation transformation approach, 5,580 students have been made aware of good hygiene practices. Water, sanitation and hygiene promotion pillars of public health Water, sanitation and hygiene promotion Total Water systems repaired, rehabilitated or constructed 1,493 Latrines constructed for core shelters/relocated families 4,531 Households reached with participatory hygiene and sanitation transformation 28,000 During the emergency phase of Typhoon Haiyan, the Red Cross Red Crescent collectively provided more than 24 million litres of safe drinking water to affected families; repaired and restored 1,493 water sources and systems; and cleared almost 2,000 cubic metres of debris. To combat the spread of disease, the Movement is supporting the rehabilitation of water and sanitation facilities in communities, and conducting hygiene promotion activities. The water, sanitation and hygiene promotion programme has four components: hygiene promotion; construction of household latrines linked to core shelter; construction of water and sanitation facilities in communities; and school-based water and sanitation initiatives. The participatory hygiene and sanitation transformation approach is being used to engage communities and promote good hygiene practices. Trained Philippine Red Cross volunteers have been mobilized, and have reached 28,000 households using the participatory hygiene and sanitation transformation approach. Implementation of hygiene promotion activities is ongoing. Construction of household latrines is a part of core shelter for selected households to ensure that families have access to sanitation facilities. This in turn will help reduce risk and vulnerabilities of family members. More than 4,500 household latrines have been built thus far. The typhoon also damaged schools, health facilities and community buildings that are generally used as evacuation centres during disasters. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement is working with government authorities and communities in 16

19 rehabi litating damaged water and sanitation facilities in these buildings. This helps ensure that people who occupy and use these buildings have access to sanitation facilities and the capacity to accommodate evacuees during emergencies. Of the 57 schools targeted, water and sanitation facilities have been constructed in 11 schools. The child hygiene and sanitation transformation approach is being used to promote good personal hygiene practices among school-going children. Philippine Red Cross volunteers have reached more than 1,300 students in raising awareness about good hygiene and sanitation practices. The Movement s focus to mainstream hygiene promotion using parti cipatory, socially inclusive and context-driven initiatives continues to enhance water and sanitation as pillars of public health. A new lease on life At the height of the typhoon [Haiyan], we hid under a bumbong a makeshift shelter on top of the hill. It was a roof my husband put together from coconut leaves along the streets. We slept on the ground, recalled Erlinda del Monte, a mother of three. When it was over, we went down and saw that there was nothing left of our house. It has been washed out with most of our belongings, she added. Erlinda had been living in the mountainous village of Mabini in Basey, Samar, all her life but it was the first time she experienced a typhoon of such strength. Although no one in their village died during the typhoon, she went through the harrowing ordeal of not knowing where her son was, or if he were still alive. He was in Tacloban at that time to work as a construction worker. For days, we didn t hear any news about him, only that many people died in Tacloban. I felt helpless and kept crying, praying. It took a week before her son reached home after walking at least 25km from Tacloban as he didn t have money. Her husband earned a living from planting rice, cassava and bananas that were also washed out by the typhoon. It took a month before they were able to gather enough scrap wood and bamboo to build a temporary house. If not for the Red Cross, we wouldn t be able to rebuild a house as sturdy as this because we are still struggling with the income from farming. It was not like before, most of the crops are for our own consumption. We are only able to sell a small portion of the produce. The Del Montes were one of 4,462 families who benefited from the ICRC-Philippine Red Cross recovery programme for those affected by Typhoon Haiyan in Samar. The ICRC, with the Philippine Red Cross, focused its response on this island that is partly affected by armed violence, and where it has been present for years supporting the communities. A year after Haiyan, Typhoon Hagupit hit Samar island. Erlinda and her family again moved up the hill and took shelter in a bumbong but was relieved to come back to a house still standing, as Hagupit was also of much lesser strength. In 2015, individual sanitation facilities will be added for all 4,462 constructed shelters. Erlinda s family couldn t be more thankful now that their house is complete. Before, we used a shallow hole dug near the house which had sacks and wood as walls. Now, it is so much better cleaner and more comfortable with this latrine. Construction of household latrines is a part of core shelter for selected households. To ensure that families have access to sanitation facilities, latrines have been included in more than 4,500 core shelters so far. Sarah Velasco/ICRC 17

20 Jenelle Eli/American Red Cross The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement has rehabilitated or constructed 201 classrooms. Education empowering children with knowledge for a better future Education Total Students with access to rehabilitated or constructed classrooms 48,182 Classrooms that have been fully rehabilitated or constructed and/or equipped 201 School kits distributed 2,965 Typhoon Haiyan caused considerable destruction to schools and other educa tional facilities. The destruction costs amounted to a staggering 2.3 billion Philippine pesos (PHP). Close to 3,200 schools and day care centres were damaged or destroyed, leaving over a million pre-school children and those of school-going age without a place to study, and some 31,600 school teachers without a place to teach. Under its Annual Poverty Indicator Survey, the National Statistics Office reports that out-ofschool youth account for 16 per cent of the Philippine population; a figure that could escalate with the widespread damage to educational facilities. In the wake of the disaster, classes were held in open air, under trees and in damaged buildings. Hence, bringing children and youth back to a conducive learning environment as well as the rehabilitation of their schools after serving as evacuation centres for thousands of affected people, was seen as a priority. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement has thus far rehabilitated or constructed 201 classrooms. Up to 2,965 students have also been provided with school kits. Children s health directly affects their learning performance. In support of rehabilitation of the school-goers themselves, psychosocial support programmes such as play therapy have been undertaken to facilitate healing and recovery of students. 18 In order to improve their hygiene, 5,580 students have been reached using the child hygiene and sanitation transformation approach. This approach has been integrated into school programmes. Disaster risk reduction initiatives will be also assimilated into school curricula, to raise awareness and better prepare students for potential disasters.

21 Getting children back to school When Typhoon Haiyan struck central Philippines, the Red Cross Society of China was quick to reach out to affected communities. The typhoon damaged more than 3,200 schools across the region, leaving teachers and students with no supplies and no classrooms from which to work. In an effort to get students back into education, the Red Cross Society of China agreed to partner with the Philippine Red Cross in building temporary classrooms for more than 8,500 students across Leyte province. A vessel was loaded with enough building material to fill 40 containers and sent to Tacloban for the initial construction phase of 166 temporary classrooms in 20 schools. The aim was to complete these in time for the new school year that started in January Originally, we had thought to build temporary shelters for homeless people, but it became obvious that the type of prefabricated structures we had were better suited to classrooms rather than housing, said Mr Wang, Director of the Relief and Health Department, Red Cross Society of China. By the third week of January interrupted by frequent heavy downpours that hampered construction the team of 35 Chinese engineers and volunteer construction workers from Philippine Red Cross were putting the finishing touches to the last of the classrooms. Chinese engineers trained the volunteers some of them school students to assemble the classrooms, which typically take three days to erect. Classrooms had to be sited close to the existing school but we had to take into account risk mitigation, says Mr Wang. This meant we could not build on low-lying land prone to flooding. Even though they are temporary, the classrooms will need to last for at least five years. I m confident they could last for ten, if necessary. Ronette Bonifacio/Philippine Red Cross Following the disaster, classes were held in open air, under trees and in damaged buildings. Hence, bringing children and youth back to a conducive learning environment was seen as a priority. 19

22 Rommel Cabrera/IFRC The Philippine Red Cross is committed to building community resilience by implementing disaster risk reduction activities. The National Society has trained more than 7,000 volunteers and community members across the country to empower them with the knowledge and capacity to reduce the risk of, prepare for and respond to disasters. 20

23 Disaster risk reduction strengthening community resilience Disaster Risk Reduction Total Communities benefiting from the Red Cross 143 programme 261 Volunteers and community members trained 7,728 The 2012 World Disasters Report ranks the Philippines as the third most disaster-prone country in the world. Due to its geographical location, the country is highly exposed to natural calamities. The Government of the Philippines formed the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, which provides for the development of policies and plans, and the implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of disaster risk reduction and management. As an auxiliary to the government, Philippine Red Cross is committed to strengthening its disaster risk reduction initiatives through its Red Cross 143 programme. The Red Cross 143 programme is designed to have one community leader with 44 volunteers. The team is trained in three aspects: disaster preparedness and response; health and welfare; and voluntary blood donation. The team is always ready to provide rapid response in the event of a disaster. The Philippine Red Cross is committed to building community resilience by implementing disaster risk reduction activities through its trained staff and volunteers. For the emergency phase of the Typhoon Haiyan response, more than 8,000 volunteers were mobilized to support the affected population. Considering the wide network of Philippine Red Cross with its 102 chapters and an estimated one million volunteers across the country, the imperative to enhance capacity for disaster response as well as awareness of disaster risk reduction for all chapters and volunteers is evident. Build back safer techniques are strongly advocated and followed in the communities where the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement supports construction of shelter, water, sanitation, and educational facilities. Another initiative to enhance community resilience in the face of disaster is the school-based disaster risk reduction programme. Here, school communities including principals, teachers, students and student-volunteers train together for disaster preparedness and risk reduction. The lessons learnt are then incorporated in the school curriculum. An average of 20 tropical storms, including typhoons, hit the Philippines every year. This high frequency of typhoons together with threats of other hazards such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, storm surges and potential volcanic eruption, highlights the urgent need for risk mitigation in order to prevent and alleviate human suffering. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement with its experience and expertise is well-placed to support this need. 21

24 Miguel Domingo Garcia/Spanish Red Cross Accountability The Philippine Red Cross has installed drop boxes in the communities being covered under Typhoon Haiyan operation. This is one of the innovative approaches to ensure that the National Society receives feedback from its beneficiaries thus helping the organization to improve the services being provided to the recipients. Accountability and transparency to stakeholders continue to be a vital part of the overall Haiyan recovery operation. In the first quarter of 2014, the IFRC carried out an independent real-time evaluation to gauge the effectiveness of support to the Philippine Red Cross, focusing on overall performance of the response. An evaluation of the psychosocial support components of the emergency response, including the role of emergency response units during the relief phase of the operation, was also carried out. Now, further into the recovery phase, community engagement and participation remain a vital part of all stages of planning, implementation and evaluation in all sectors, i.e. shelter, water and sanitation, livelihoods, and health. Through barangay recovery committees and active participation of community members themselves, meaningful engagement with the Philippine Red Cross and partners takes place through assessments, prioritization of interventions, identification of existing concerns, and active participation in addressing community issues. A comprehensive independent mid-term review is currently being planned, spanning both the emergency and recovery phases of the Haiyan operation. This review will appraise the joint action of stakeholders, take stock of achievements, document best practices, obtain stakeholder feedback, and capture lessons learned to date to inform alterations to ongoing activities and future response. Outcomes from the review will also inform high-level decision-making for the operation. 22

25 On a smaller but crucial scale, sectorial intervention to engage with communities, garner feedback, monitor processes and outcomes, and inform adjustments to programming, are already being carried out. These include: post-distribution monitoring and evaluation of shelter repair assistance; active discussions with barangay health committees and community members in prioritizing health concerns and how to address these issues; impact surveys, and stories of change from recipients of shelter and livelihood interventions. People reached are also encouraged to give input and feedback through the barangay recovery committees to the Philippine Red Cross chapters, who help facilitate appropriate action. Further to these, end-line reviews of programmes are planned, together with lessons learnt and case studies that will further inform future emergency and development planning. At present, the Philippine Red Cross is in the process of collating and standardizing existing monitoring and evaluation tools, templates and workflows in order to build a standard toolkit that can serve the Haiyan operation and future programmes. This is being supported by the IFRC and in-country Participating National Societies. Monitoring and evaluation for accountability Since October 2014, the monitoring and evaluation team in the municipalities of Ajuy and Balasan, is the first dedicated team of its kind in the Haiyan recovery programme. Prior to this, each sector had been implementing their projects and carrying out their own monitoring and evaluation activities. The team includes a team leader, technical project assistant, a data management assistant and six monitoring and evaluation volunteers. The volunteers underwent one-day training that included an induction to the Red Cross history and principles, with emphasis on neutrality; background information on the Haiyan recovery programme; orientation of monitoring and evaluation principles, practice, and tools; and point-by-point discussion and translation to Hiligaynon of the post-distribution monitoring tool for the shelter repair cash grant. Given there were already more than 70 regular and on-call volunteers being engaged in various programmes, the team decided to train volunteers who would be dedicated to monitoring and evaluation related activities. The team is pursuing three main directions vis-à-vis accountability: transparency, participation, and feedback. One of the main strategies being implemented is the complaints and response mechanism. All staff and volunteers working on the ground are instructed to accommodate questions, comments, and complaints from communities. A complaints desk is a regular feature of all distribution activities. A dedicated hotline has been established to enable communities to call or text any queries and/or complaints they may have. All staff and volunteers have a laminated card with the hotline number attached to their ID card so that they can easily share the number with any community member. The complaints log is updated weekly, and summarized by location and sector, to guide relevant action. Complaints are addressed within ten days. Where needed the local community (barangay officials and barangay recovery committee) are engaged in addressing concerns, especially regarding any queries and/or complaints related to the selection process for who is or is not entitled to a shelter. Monitoring findings are being applied to improve programme delivery. This includes enhancing the design of the core shelter, considering relevant courses for the marketable skills scholarship, re-engaging safe shelter awareness champions in the communities, among others. The team, which is now a member of the newlyformed Monitoring and Evaluation Working Group, continues to work with various sectors. 23