Aircraft Operation with Systems Failure

Transcription

1 SIASA project This project is funded by the European Union and implemented by EASA. Aircraft Operation with Systems Failure Yannick DUMOLLARD Aircraft Dispatch and MEL Expert Technology Evolution Impact on Airworthiness September 2014, Windhoek, Namibia TE.GEN

2 Aircraft Failure Monitoring 2

3 Aircraft Failure Monitoring At the initial design stage of an aircraft, identification of any potential failure and its consequence is made through: Functional Hazard Assessment (FHA) Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Analysis are done: As a single failure In combination with one or several other failures 3

4 Aircraft Failure Monitoring System failures which are monitored are reflected by maintenance message displayed by the Centralized Fault Display System (CFDS) or the Central Maintenance System (CMS) Maintenance messages are classified according to their importance 4

5 Aircraft Failure Monitoring Depending on their consequence, system failure may require flight crew attention in the cockpit through the Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM): ECAM warning ECAM caution ECAM message (e.g. MAINTENANCE message on STATUS page) 5

6 Aircraft Failure Monitoring Additional attention getters are available in the cockpit ECAM System Display Advisory Amber indication Pushbutton caption light (FAULT, OFF, DISC, OVRD, ) These attention getters are called Cockpit Effect 6

7 Aircraft Failure Monitoring A320 Family Fault Message Operational Consequences Refer to MMEL Scheduled Maintenance Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 7

8 Aircraft Failure Monitoring A330/A340 Fault Message Operational Consequences Refer to MMEL Scheduled Maintenance Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 8

9 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS/CFDS Message Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Operational Consequence Effect Dispatch Consequence Indication to Maintenance Yes No No Yes to Flight Crew Automatically displayed - Warning or caution - Message on ECAM display unit - Flag on PFD, ND or SD - Indication in the flight deck or in the cabin Yes: Refer to MMEL GO/GO IF/NO GO Yes to Flight Crew Available on ECAM STATUS SD page No GO without condition Repairs must be made : - Within 10 days for SA - Within 800 FH for LR AUTOMATIC PRINTOUT AT THE END OF EACH FLIGHT : Post Flight Report CFDS (Single Aisle) CMS (Long Range) A320 Family A330 & A340 No effect: message Only to Maintenance NO MMEL not applicable - No fix time quoted for corrections Yes, on request through CFDS/CMS CLASS 3 report 9

10 Aircraft Failure Monitoring A380 Fault Message Operational Consequences Class 4 becomes Class 1 after Refer to MMEL defined operation time Scheduled Maintenance Class 1 & (2) Class 3 Class 4 & 5 Class 6 Cabin Effect 10

11 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Cockpit items (Class 1) associated with a cockpit effect Associated cockpit effect is the reference to enter the MMEL CMS Cabin items (Class 3) associated with a cabin effect Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL) Dispatch is permitted May be MEL relevant 11

12 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Pending items with a timer (Class 4) Before the end of the timer, fault message indicated on CMS only Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL) Dispatch is permitted When the timer expires, in addition to the fault message indicated on CMS, a generic ECAM alert appears MAINTENANCE TIME LIMITED ITEM ENG 1 TIME LIMITED ITEM 12

13 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Pending items with a timer (Class 4) When the timer expires, dispatch is permitted under MMEL All CMS Pending items with an expired timer must be repaired to clear the ENG 1(2)(3)(4) (MAINTENANCE) TIME LIMITED ITEM alert 13

14 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Pending items without timer (Class 5) Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL) Dispatch is permitted Note: Combination of CMS Pending items messages (without timer) may lead to CMS Cockpit items message, thus cockpit effect CMS Minor items (Class 6) Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL) Dispatch is permitted 14

15 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Message Operational Consequence Effect Dispatch Consequence Indication to Maintenance Cockpit items Includes class 2 Class 1 Cabin items Class 3 Pending items with timer Class 4 Pending items without timer Class 5 Yes Maybe No No No Yes for flight crew - Warning or caution - Message or flag on PFD, ND or SD - Other Indication in the flight deck or in the cabin Yes: Refer to MMEL GO/GO IF/NO GO Post Flight Report on CMS Yes for cabin crew - Indication in the cabin Maybe covered in MEL A380 No until the end of the timer: MAINTENANCE TIME LIMITED or ENG TIME LIMITED ITEM No Go without condition until timer expires + 20 days for MAINTENANCE TIME LIMITED or + 50fh for ENG TIME LIMITED ITEM alert No Minor Items Class 6 No No MMEL not applicable - No fix time quoted for corrections 15

16 Aircraft Failure Monitoring CMS Message COCKPIT CABIN MAINTENANCE Operational Consequence Effect Yes Maybe No Yes for flight crew - Dispatch Message - Warning or caution - Message or flag on PFD, ND or SD - Other Indication in the flight deck or in the cabin Yes for cabin crew - Indication in the cabin Yes for maintenance crew FAULTS WITH NO EFFECT No effect Dispatch Consequence Yes: Refer to MMEL via the dispatch message GO/GO IF/NO GO Maybe covered in MEL May be covered in MMEL - No fix time quoted for corrections No impact (not MMEL related) Indication to Maintenance Post Flight Report in CMS A350 16

17 From Technical Logbook entry BRAKES RELEASED BRK 9/10 NORM RELEASED 17

18 Maintenance Consult MEL Entries Always consult MEL Entries to find the applicable CONDITION OF DISPATCH Hyperlink from the CMS or e-logbook Manual access to the MEL Entries section 18

19 Maintenance Consult MEL Entries Read all AIRCRAFT STATUS to find applicable CONDITION OF DISPATCH Example 19

20 Maintenance Flight Dispatch Check MEL Item dispatch conditions From the MEL Entry, use hyperlink in the CONDITION OF DISPATCH column to access to the applicable MEL item 20

21 For MEL items with several dispatch conditions titles are being introduced: Guides Line Maintenance to determine the correct dispatch condition Helps Flight crew to accept the aircraft with the correct condition applied 21

22 Maintenance Flight Dispatch Check MEL Item dispatch conditions When applicable, use hyperlink and read the procedure: Limitations: Performance impact, landing capability, fuel consumption increase, fuel uplift... Checks to be performed Information on indications under MMEL 22

23 Flight Dispatch The impacts on flight planning and Load sheet are provided in the MMEL operational procedures: Fuel consumption increase Fuel uplift Additional weight margin to compute TOW and takeoff data (speeds, flex temperature...) Impact on ZFWCG, TOCG Cargo and cabin loading Approach capability: CAT 1, CAT 2, CAT 3 Impact on RNP, RVSM, FANS There is no automatic link with performance or Load sheet application for the above impacts 23

24 Maintenance Check MEL Item dispatch conditions When applicable, use hyperlink and apply the Electrical or physical deactivation Checks Specific refuel procedure 24

25 Maintenance Report in Technical Logbook Tick the applicable MEL item condition to pre-select the item in the e-logbook and for flight crew LEFT SIDE BRAKE C

26 As per Standard Operating Procedures Preliminary Cockpit Preparation: RCL pushbutton...press Flight Crew F/CTL PRIM 1 FAULT 26

27 LOGBOOK CHECK: MEL ITEM...CHECK/NOTE Flight Crew 27

28 MEL ITEM...CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS Flight Crew 28

29 Flight Crew MEL ITEM...CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS Hyperlink from the LOGBOOK STATUS page Manual access to the MEL Items section 29

30 MEL ITEM...CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS ECAM LIST pb permits to retrieve the MEL Entry Flight Crew 30

31 MEL ITEM...CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS When applicable, use hyperlink and read the procedure: Checks to be performed Information on ECAM indications under MMEL Flight Crew 31

32 Flight Crew MEL ITEM... ACTIVATE Tick the applicable MEL item condition to automatically update the Takeoff and Landing performance applications 32

33 MEL ITEM...CHECK ACTIVATED Check that Takeoff performance application is updated Flight Crew 33

34 Flight Crew can also manually add MEL item in Takeoff and Landing performance applications Flight Crew 34

35 Maintenance Flight Dispatch Flight Crew Flight Dispatch Perform (m) Maintenance Check MEL conditions & (o) Tech Logbook Maintenance Consult MEL Entries MEL ITEM.CHECK Flight Crew MEL ITEM.ACTIVATE 35

36 SIASA project This project is funded by the European Union and implemented by EASA. Compliance to safety requirements considered at early stage of design phase Optimized HMI for Maintainability and effective dispatch End slide