Course Design Document. IS415: GIS and Business Intelligence. Version 1.6

Transcription

1 Course Design Document IS415: GIS and Business Intelligence Version nd Oct 2008

2 Table of Content 1. Versions History Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Business Intelligence (BI): An Overview Synopsis Basic Modules Objectives Prerequisites Who should attend Output and Grading Summary Learning outcomes, achievement methods and assessment Course Organisation Class Preparation Class Participation Assignments GIS Project Mid-term test and Final Examination Course Schedule Summary List of Information Resources and References Recommended Text Web-based Resources Tooling Archive of student assignments and Projects Weekly Plan IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 3

3 1. Versions History Version Description of Changes Author Date V 1.0 Kam Tin Seong V 1.1 Revised and Kam Tin Seong updated V1.2 Revised and Kam Tin Seong updated after feedback from Venky etc V1.3 Included student Kam Tin Seong projects V1.4 Revised and Kam Tin Seong updated V1.5 Mid-term revision Kam Tin Seong and updated by taking into consideration students projects needs V1.6 Minor revision Kam Tin Seong IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 4

4 2. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Business Intelligence (BI): An Overview 2.1 Synopsis In this globalising and competitive business environment, the value of location as a business measure is fast becoming an important consideration for organisation. GIS with its capability to capture, manage, display, and analyse business information spatially is emerging as a location intelligence tool. Today, many kinds of industries are employing GIS as an integral part of their business processes. Examples of the use of GIS in business are: Market Analysis Which is the company s market share in different geographical areas? Where are the customers located? What are the characteristics of customers in different geographical locations? Are there potential customers and where do they live? Site Selection Where are the shops or branches of the company located today? Where are the competitors located? What would be the surrounding market area for a new location? What are the socio-economic characteristics of the people living in this market area? Will the establishment of a new shop interfere with the existing shop owned by the company? Are the land prices in different areas suitable for building a new shop? Sales territories Which the company s present division into sales territories? What kind of customers live in these districts and how much is sold? Is there a need for more salesmen in any district? Could redistricting lead to more efficient sales organisation and less travelling time for the salesmen? Distribution and travel costs How can the distribution system be made more efficient? In what way does the transport system influence the distribution and how does it restrict or facilitate expansion in the region? Can the number of journeys made by company staff be reduced by applying route planning software? Are there any alternatives to our present distribution system? IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 5

5 Analysis of the global environment and new export markets What is the general economic and spatial pattern in the region? How good is the infrastructure? How is the population distributed geographically? Which other companies are present in the region and where are they located? Is this region a potential export market for the company s products? This course provides students with an introduction to practical applications of GIS in business operations. Emphasis will be placed on (i) locating, acquiring and integrating business data into GIS, (ii) understand the principles and methodologies of the geocoding process, (iii) become familiar with geovisualisation, spatial analysis and location modelling techniques, and (iv) explore the technologies and possibilities of server-based and/or web-based GIS analysis for Business Intelligence. 2.2 Basic Modules The course curriculum is designed with two target audiences in mind - IS students and non-is students majoring in marketing, business, economic and social sciences. It comprises seven integrated components as shown below: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 6

6 Concepts and Theories of GIS in Business GISystems, GITechnologies, and GIScience Computerised mapping, GIS, Location Intelligence, and Business Intelligence A gallery of GIS applications in business and management behaviours Distributed GIS Geospatial Data Repositories: Design, Implementation and Management Representing geography: spatial data models Modelling our world: spatial data modelling Bringing business data into GIS: projection, georeferencing, and geocoding. Data quality, management and distribution issues. A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Visualising Geo-business Information Cartography and map production Geovisualisation and spatial query Spatial OLAP Internet GIS Virtual reality GIS Bringing It All Together: Using GIS to analyse and model business processes Basic GIS analysis functions: measurements, transformations, spatial join, map overlay, and buffering Analytical modeling in GIS: Model Builder, Trade Area Analysis, Geographical Profiling, Market Segmentation, and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. Network analysis: flow analysis, O-D matrix, shortest path, catchment area analysis, accessibility analysis, gravity modeling, and allocation-reallocation modelling 2.3 Objectives Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: Understand the basic concepts and theories of GIScience and trends of GIS technologies Create and manage spatially-enabled business data. Use appropriate GIS analysis functions to visualise and analyse business-related data Model business processes using GIS advanced analytical methods Design and implement GIS-based applications for businesses IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 7

7 2.4 Prerequisites Basic computer skills will be assumed. Students are expected to understand Windows-based operating systems and to manage files and disk space responsibly. Students are also expected to understand the basic concepts and principles of database management or have taken IS202 Data Management. If you do not meet the stated prerequisite, you are required to contact the course instructor for approval before signing up for this course. Approval will be given per case-by-case basis upon satisfying the instructor that you have enough data management knowledge to follow this course. 2.5 Who should attend This course is designed for two audiences IS students and non-is students majoring in marketing, business, economic and social sciences. Both groups of students will be exposed to geospatial technologies and gains hands-on experiences on a GIS software. When come to project, IS students are encouraged to focus on topics related to (i) the integration of GIS technologies with enterprise information systems, (ii) design and development of spatial decision support systems, or (iii) enhance the current analytical and visualization functions of GIS. The Non-IS students, on-the-other-hand, will focus on creating, designing and analyzing spatially-enabled data for their area of study. 3. Output and Grading Summary The grading distribution of this course is as follows: Class Participation 15% Assignments 40% GIS Project GIS database design and implementation 10% Postal presentation 20% Research paper 15% IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 8

8 4. Learning outcomes, achievement methods and assessment IS415 - GIS & Business Intelligence Tasks to Achieve Outcomes Methods of Outcome Assessment 1 Integration of business & technology in a sector context 1.1 Business IT value linkage skills 1.2 Cost & risk analysis skills 1.3 Technology application skills in a particular sector YY Y Y 2 IT architecture, design and development skills 2.1 System requirements specification skills 2.2 Software and IT architecture analysis and design skills YY YY 2.3 Implementation skills YY 2.4 Technology application skills Y 3 Project management skills 3.1 Scope and requirements management skills 3.2 Risks management skills 3.3 Project integration and time management skills 3.4 Configuration management skills 3.5 Quality management skills Y Y Y 4 Learning to learn skills 4.1 Search skills YY 4.2 Skills for developing a methodology for learning YY 5 Collaboration (or team) skills: 5.1 Skills to improve the effectiveness of group processes and work products YY IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 9

9 6 Change management skills for enterprise systems 6.1 Skills to diagnose business changes 6.2 Skills to implement and sustain business changes YY Y 7 Skills for working across countries, cultures and borders 7.1 Cross-national awareness skills 7.2 Business across countries facilitation skills 8 Communication skills 8.1 Presentation skills YY 8.2 Writing skills YY IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 10

10 5. Course Organisation There is one session of three hours lesson in each week. The weekly lessons include both technical discussions of GIS technology and hands-on exercises that focus on business related issues which use a GIS to analyse data or solve a problem. Through weekly discussion and hands-on exercises studies students will not only learn how to use the GIS software but will also learn the many distinctive advantages of using GIS for business decision making and strategic planning. 5.1 Class Preparation Students must bring their personal notebook computer with Manifold System 8.0 or any latest version installed to class, each and every time. You will need access to Manifold System software in order to complete the class exercises, assignments, and research project. By and large GIS data require larger storage space as compared to text documents or conventional databases. It is strongly recommended that students carry an external hard disk if the storage capacity of the hard disk of the notebook computer is running low. 5.2 Class Participation A strict requirement for each class meeting is to complete the assigned readings and to try out the hands-on exercises before coming to class. Readings will be provided from the textbook on technical information and from provided documents and articles on business applications of GIS. Students are required to review the recommended readings and class exercises before coming to class. Without preparation, the learning and discussions would not be as meaningful. Student sharing of insights from readings and hands-on exercises of assigned materials in class participation will form a large part of the learning in this course. Students may also be quizzed orally in class and thereby contribute to class participation. 5.3 Assignments There are three assignments that are due throughout the term. Students may work together to help one another with computer or GIS issues and discuss the materials that constitute the assignment. However, each student is required to prepare and submit the assignment (including any computer work) on their own. Cheating is strictly forbidden. Cheating includes but not limited to: plagiarism and submission of work that is not the student s own. IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 11

11 All assignments due are to be handed-in (in class) strictly within 15 minutes of start of class. Late work, will be severely penalised, are to be submitted to the SIS general office. Students must check and confirm on SMUVista the assignment due dates. The assignments will be graded on a scale from 0 to 10. Scores of 7 and 8 are given when the assignment is essentially done completely and correctly. Scores 9 and 10 are reserved for complete and correct homework where extra initiative or innovation clearly sets the completed work above the simple, perfunctory and satisfactory completion of the assignment. 5.4 GIS Project The purpose of the GIS project is to provide students first hand experience on collecting, processing and analysing spatial data using real world data. A project may involve creating geospatially enabled business data and subsequently analysing these data for business strategic or market analysis. Alternatively, a project may be in the form of application development by integrating analytical tools or models within a GIS environment. Students are encouraged to focus on research topics that are relevant to their field of study. The project is team work. Students are required to form a project team of 3-4 members by the first week of the academic term. Each project teams must start thinking about their project ideas before the term started. They are expected to discuss their project topic and scope of works with the instructor during the first week of the academic term. A project website will be prepared and submitted to the instructor for approval by week four. All project teams will give a postal presentation outlining the database design and implementation process, analytical methods used and findings of their project in week 13. Students are also required to prepare an individual research paper of not more than 15 pages (excluding maps, figures, and tables) in week 13. Additional materials will be distributed in class to assist students with topics selection, project design, postal presentation, and research paper writing. 5.5 Mid-term test and Final Examination There will be no mid-term test or final examination for this course. IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 12

12 6. Course Schedule Summary Week Topics Date Events 1 Thinking spatially GIS and business processes 2 The Devil is the data: collection, representation, and modelling 3 A Picture is worth a thousand words 4 Beyond mapping Due: Assignment 1 5 GeoAnalytics to support decisionmaking in organisation 6 GeoAnalytics to support decisionmaking in organisation 7 Distributed GIS Due: Assignment 2 8 Recess Break 9 Surface Modelling, Analysis and Visualisation 10 Optimisation over space 11 Enterprise GIS Due: Assignment 3 12 GIS planning for managers 13 Project presentation Due: Project report 14 Study Week 15 Examination No final examination 7. List of Information Resources and References 7.1 Recommended Text Pick, J. B. (2008) Geo-Business: GIS in the Digital Organization, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Smith, M. J. de., GoodChild, M.F. and Longley, P. A. (2007) Geospatial Analysis: A comprehensive guide to principles, techniques and software tools, Matador, Leicester, United Kingdom. For web version ( Pick, J. B. (2005) Geographic Information Systems In Business, Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, USA. (ebook) Peng, Zhong-Ren and Tsou, Ming-Hsiang (2003) Internet GIS: Distributed Geographic Information Services for the internet and wireless networks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New Jersey, USA. IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 13

13 Heywood, I. Cornelius, S. and Carver, S. (2006) An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems (3 rd Edition), Pearson Education Limited, Essex, England. Wang F. (2006) Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS, CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. Cliquet, G. (2006) Geomarketing: Methods and Strategies in Spatial Marketing, iste Publisher, London, UK. Mitchell, T. (2005) Web Mapping Illustrated, O Reilly, USA. Longley, P. A. et. al. (2005) Geographic Information Systems and Science, (2 nd Edition), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. West Sussex, England. Harris, R. Sleight, P. and Webber, R. (2005) Geodemographics, GIS and Neighbourhood Targeting, John Wiley & Sons. (ebook) Worboys, M. and Duckham, M. (2004) GIS: A Computing Perspective (2 nd Edition), CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. Karimi, H.A. and Hammad, A. (2004) Telegeoinformatics: Location- Based Computing and Services, CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. Harmon, J. E. and Anderson, S.J. (2003) The Design and Implementation of Geographic Information Systems, John Wiley & Sons. (ebook) Birkin, M., Clarke, G. and Clarke, M. P. (2002) Retail Geography and Intelligent Network Planning, John Wiley & Sons. Hjelm, J. (2002) Creating Location Services for the Wireless Web: Professional Developer's Guide, John Wiley & Sons, New York. Slocum, T., McMaster R., Kessler, F. and Howard, H. Thematic Cartography and Geographic Visualization (2 nd Edition), Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Longley, P.A. and Clarke, G. (1996) GIS for Business and Service Planning, John Wiley & Sons. Grimshaw, D. J. (1994) Briging Geographical Information into Business, Longman, Harlow, England. 7.2 Web-based Resources Direction Magazine ( Location Intelligence ( Manifold System homepage ( IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 14

14 ESRI homepage ( MapInfo homepage ( Caliper homepage ( MapServer homepage ( 8. Tooling Manifold System GIS 8.0, and Business Tools for desktop GIS application. Students are required to fix an appointment with the course instructor to have the software install in your personal computer one week before the term start. Manifold Internet Map Server (IMS) for web-based GIS development. IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 15

15 9. Archive of student assignments and Projects Year 2007 Term 2 Assignments Working with maps o Sample maps Sales Territory Analysis and Design using GIS o Sample maps Trade Area Delineation and Analysis using GIS o Sample report o Sample maps Projects: TradePal Volcano PovertyMapper PropertyWeb AUSAME itour IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 16

16 10. Weekly Plan Week: 1 Discussion Topics: Thinking Spatially: GIS and Business Processes Introduction to the course Why this course? What does it cover? Who is involved? What assignments? Rules to be followed Fundamentals of GIS Role of location in business decision making GISystems, GIS Technologies, and GIScience The evolution of GIS software Architecture of GIS software A gallery of GIS application in business Hands-on Exercises: Your first date with A GIS Read the entire Introduction section including sub-sections of Manifold System 8.x User Manual. ( Examples -> My First Map ( Assignment: NA Reading: Pick, J. B. (2005) Geographic Information Systems In Business, Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, USA. Chapter 1 (ebook) ( Business Week Research Services (2006) Location Intelligence: The new geography of business. ( ESRI White Paper (2006) GIS and Business Intelligence: The Geographic Advantage. ( Winslow J. and Cattini, M. (2005) Leveraging the Power of Location Intelligence to Enhance Business Intelligence. MapInfo Corporation White Paper. ( pdf) ESRI (Feb 2007) GIS for Customer and Market Analytics ( IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 17

17 ESRI (Feb 2007) GIS for Retail Business ( Project: Student form project team and confirm it with the instructor IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 18

18 Week: 2 Discussion Topics: The Devil is in the Data: Collection, representation, and modelling The nature of geospatial data: purpose, scale, spatial entities, generalisation, projections, georeferencing, and geocoding Sources of GIS data Managing enterprise GIS database Geospatially enabled business database framework Hands-on Exercises: Manifold System 8.x User Manual Examples: Add Points with Instant Data Examples: Create a Projected US Map Examples: Create a Table and Add Records Examples: Import a Shapefile Examples: Import a Projected Shapefile Examples: Create a Map from a Geocoded Table Examples: Create a Linked Drawing from a Geocoded Table Assignment: Hand out Assignment 1 Reading: Longley, P. A. et. al. (2005) Geographic Information Systems and Science, (2 nd Edition), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. West Sussex, England. Chapter 3-6. Heywood, I. Cornelius, S. and Carver, S. (2006) An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems (3 rd Edition), Pearson Education Limited, Essex, England. Chapter 2 and 3. Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Drawings Images Maps Tables Projections Geocoding Import and Export Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 19

19 Week: 3 Discussion Topics: A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words How to seduce your clients with maps Qualitative maps: visual variables and cartographic symbols Quantitative maps: data scaling, data classification, and principles of colour Mapping movement, change, and process Geovisualisation: theory and applications Principles of map design: map composition and map symbolization Hands-on Exercises: Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: Examples: Color a Drawing Examples: Other Examples: Formatting Drawings Examples: Display Demographic Data in a Thematic Map Examples: Combine a Surface and a Drawing Examples: Add a Legend Examples: Other Examples: How to Print Examples: Other Examples: Create a Drop Shadow using the Register Dialog Examples: Other Examples: Create a drop shadow in a geographic map Assignment: Reading: Slocum, T., McMaster R., Kessler, F. and Howard, H. Thematic Cartography and Geographic Visualization (2 nd Edition), Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Tufte, E. R. (2002) The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Drawings - Formatting Labels Legends Charts - Minicharts Surfaces and Terrains Printing and Layout Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 20

20 Week: 4 Discussion Topics: Beyond Mapping Analytical Model with GIS Understanding business processes and GIS modeling Getting to know cartographic modeling Process modeling with GIS Decision modeling with GIS Data Query and Relate Understanding GIS queries Spatial queries Selection by location Selection by graphic Working with JOIN and RELATE Exploratory data analysis GIS Analysis Geoprocessing Buffering Overlaying Hands-on Exercises: Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: Simple Queries Selecting Objects with Queries Queries and Images or Surfaces Assignment: Collect assignment 2 Reading: Smith, M. J. de., GoodChild, M.F. and Longley, P. A. (2007) Geospatial Analysis: A comprehensive guide to principles, techniques and software tools, Matador, Leicester, United Kingdom. For web version ( Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Queries SQL Reference Guide Drawing -> Editing Drawings -> Dissolve Drawing -> Editing Drawings -> District Drawing -> Editing Drawings -> Spatial Overlay Drawing -> Editing Drawings -> Topology Overlay Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 21

21 Week: 5 Discussion Topics: GIS to Support Decision-making in Organisations Working with business analysis and modeling techniques GeoMarketing analysis Territory Planning Site selection Hands-on Exercises: Retail site selection analysis Assignment: Reading: Cliquet, G. (2006) Geomarketing: Methods and Strategies in Spatial Marketing, iste Publisher, London, UK. Wang F. (2006) Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS, CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. Pick, J. B. (2008) Geo-Business: GIS in the Digital Organization, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 3. Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Drawing -> Business Tools -> Districts (Advanced) Drawing -> Business Tools -> Districts (Visual) Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 22

22 Week: 6 Discussion Topics: GIS to Support Decision-making in Organisations (Continue) Working with business analysis and modeling techniques GeoMarketing analysis Territory Planning Site selection Hands-on Exercises: Retail site selection analysis Assignment: Reading: Cliquet, G. (2006) Geomarketing: Methods and Strategies in Spatial Marketing, iste Publisher, London, UK. Wang F. (2006) Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS, CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. Pick, J. B. (2008) Geo-Business: GIS in the Digital Organization, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 3. Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Drawing -> Business Tools -> Districts (Advanced) Drawing -> Business Tools -> Districts (Visual) Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 23

23 Week: 7 Discussion Topics: Distributed GIS Distributed GIS: History of Web mapping and distributed GIS Design and architecture concepts of web-based geo-portal Web cartography and interface Internet clients Introducing Manifold IMS Getting to know Manifold IMS Manifold IMS hardware and software configurations Hands-on Exercises: Building a web mapping Creating the web GIS application Assignment: Reading: Kraak M-J and Brown (2000) Web Cartography: Developments and Prospect. Taylor and Francis, London. (Digital library) Peng, Zhong-Ren and Tsou, Ming-Hsiang (2003) Internet GIS: Distributed Geographic Information Services for the internet and wireless networks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New Jersey, USA. Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: Manifold Internet Map Server (IMS) Manifold System IMS page ( Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 24

24 Week: 8 Recess Break IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 25

25 Week: 9 Discussion Topics: Programming GIS Programming with Object Creating a dialog box Building a custom application Hands-on Exercises: Examples: Forms and Scripts Assignment: Reading: Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: Programming Manifold Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: Programming Reference ( Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 26

26 Week: 10 Discussion Topics: Optimisation Over Space Basic Concepts of Network Line features vs network Edge Node Typology of network Network Analysis Graph theory Optimal routing: shortest path, fastest path, travelling salesman problem Closest facility Resource allocation Hands-on Exercises: Assignment: Reading: Smith, M. J. de., GoodChild, M.F. and Longley, P. A. (2007) Geospatial Analysis: A comprehensive guide to principles, techniques and software tools, Matador, Leicester, United Kingdom. For web version ( Manifold System 8.X User Manual: ( Network Drawing -> Business Tools -> Drive-Time Zones Drawing -> Business Tools -> Optimal Route Drawing -> Business Tools -> Optimal Route (Visual) Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Select Shortest Path Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Select Service Centers Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Distance Network Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Gabriel Network Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Relative Neighborhood Network Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Spanning Tree Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Cluster Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Select IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 27

27 Euclidean Point Coverage Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Node Points Drawing -> Transform Toolbar Drawings -> Transforms Normalize Topology IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 28

28 Week: 11 Discussion Topics: Enterprise GIS GIS within an enterprise Managing enterprise spatial data GIS and data warehousing GIS and data mining Hands-on Exercises: Example: Configuring SQL Server 2008 Example: Storing a Drawing in SQL Server 2008 Example: Linking a Drawing from SQL Server 2008 Example: Tracing Virtual Earth into SQL Server 2008 Example: Storing an Image in SQL Server 2008 Assignment: Reading: Manifold System 8.0 User Manual: ( Introduction -> Data Storage Strategies Introduction -> Spatial DBMS Introduction -> Database Installation Enterprise Edition Database Administration Edition Spatial DBMS Facilities Menus, Dialogs, and Controls Reference -> Tools Menu -> Tools- Database Consle Menus, Dialogs, and Controls Reference -> Tools Menu -> Tools- Administrator Console Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 29

29 Week: 12 Discussion Topics: GIS Planning for Managers Consider the strategic purpose Plan for the planning Conduct a technology seminar Describe the information product Define the system scope Create a data design Choose a logical data model Determine system requirements Benefit-cost, migration, and risk analysis Make an implementation Hands-on Exercises: Assignment: Reading: Tomlinson, R. (2005) Thinking About GIS (2 nd Edition), ESRI Press, Redlands, USA. Harmon, J.E. and Anderson, S. J. (2003) The Design and Implementation of Geographic Information Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New Jersey, USA. Project: IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 30

30 Week: 13 Project Presentation: Hands-on Exercises: Assignment: NIL Reading: Project: Project Presentation (30 min) IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 31

31 Week: 14 Week: 15 IS415 GIS and Business Intelligence Page 32