A Need of Information Security for Network Infrastructure
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- Tabitha Williams
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1 A Need of Information Security for Network Infrastructure June 4, 2008 YUKINO Kunio JICA Expert (ICT Planning) In NiDA (National ICT Development Agency) Phnompenh, Cambodia
2 What is Telecommunication Network Telecommunication Network=Links + Node Link Node Node Link User User Node Link LAN User Node (User) Backbone network : Nodes to Nodes Access network : Node to Users Network Infrastructure & Security 2
3 OSI and Network Infrastructure OSI (Open System Interconnection Basic Reference Model): Design policy of data network architecture between different types of computers Host layers Data Unit Data Segment Datagram OSI Reference Model Layer 7.Application 6.Presentation 5.Session 4.Transport Function Network process to application Data representation and encryption Interhost communication End to end connections and reliability (TCP) Network infrastructure: Network infrastructure is indicated as media layers of the right table. However, it is also referred to as physical layers for transmission in a limited sense. Media layers Packet Frame Bit 3.Network 2.Data link 1.Physical Patch determination and logical addressing Physical addressing (MAC & LLC) Media, signal and binary transmission Network Infrastructure & Security 3
4 Category of Network Public Network (Optical Fiber, Microwave, Satellite, etc) ISP The Internet LAN Private Network (Leased circuits, IP-VPN,etc) ISP or Telecom Carrier Network Infrastructure & Security 4
5 Classification of Network Classification Service Function Technology Description of system Public telephone, Data communication, Facsimile service, Computer communication, Personal computer communication, Mobile phone Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Packet switched network, Leased lines Analogue network, Digital network, SDH network, Satellite communication, IP packet network Various Kinds of Network NGN (New Generation Network) Network Infrastructure & Security 5
6 Backbone and Access Network Backbone :between Node and Node Metallic cable Optical fiber cable (ATM, DWDM, CWDM) Microwave radio system Satellite communication system Access Line :between Node and User Metallic cable (Voice, ISDN, ADSL) Optical Fiber Cable (FTTH, FTTC, FTTB) Wireless Access System (WLL, Wi-Fi, WiMA) Mobile-Phone System (GSMC, 3G CDMA) Network Infrastructure & Security 6
7 Security Measures for Network Concept of Security Confidentiality : Leakage of information shall be protected to unacceptable party Integrity : Control and maintenance of information shall be kept Availability : Effective use of information shall be kept Physical security measures :Hardware Logical security measures :Computer Security with software Human security measures :Operation & Maintenance (Policy and Manual), :Attention to users/operator Reliability of network infrastructures Network Infrastructure & Security 7
8 Classification of Risks and Damages Risk Factor External aggression Internal leak of information Disappearance and blocking of Information due to system failure Invalid operation for e-commerce Malware Description DoS (Denial of Service) Unauthorized access Wiretapping and/or leakage System/equipment clash Natural disaster (earthquake, flood, fire) Man-made accident Masquerading, spoofing and/or Phising Server break down, suspension of business Tapping, leak and tampering of information System break down, Virus infection, The Trojan horse (Trojan code), The Internet bots Spilling out information carelessly Information loss Damage Loss of money as result of invalid access Network Infrastructure & Security 8
9 Security for Network (System and Components) Preparation for stand-by system and components in network Preparation of emergency power source such as fixed engine generator or mobile engine generator Preparation of back-up lines in back-bone network Route diversity (Physical diversity) Cable route and Wireless route (microwave, satellite) Media diversity Use of plural telecom carriers lines Applying both leased circuits and the Internet Fire precautions, quakeproof and staunch structure (floor load) in equipment room/building design Preparation of measures (electric shielding) against electromagnetic induction and/or electrostatic induction to copper cable, components and equipment Network Infrastructure & Security 9
10 Security of OSP considering Natural Environment OSP (Outside Plant) means network facilities installed outside of telecom buildings such as cable, distribution terminals and cable conduits including antenna and its tower. Enviro. Temperature Sunshine Humidity Rainfall Wind Snow Lightning Briny air Hot spring earthquake Grand sinkage Land slide Rock fall OSP aerial pollution Harmful birds, insects & animals Aerial Cable :strongest :stronger :OK Underground cable : not strong Cable Conduits Antenna tower Measures against damages in natural environment Selection of : Material System Construction Method O & M Network Infrastructure & Security 10
11 Security and Reliability on OSP Construction Period Proper Design (For example) Avoid power line contact to network Keep a certain distance between aerial cable Proper grounding, whenever needed Proper materials Documentation (As-built drawings, O&M Manual, etc) Site investigation for hidden spots and taking photo evidence Confirmation for completion of work at site and recording results O&M Period Establishment of an O&M team and center Regular patrol Watching and caution to the third parties construction sites O&M measuring and test equipment such as OFC supervisory system Even if outsourcing for O&M, a proprietor should be aware of essential aspects of OSP and O&M work Network Infrastructure & Security 11
12 Hoping you to understand that network infrastructure (Physical part) is also one of essential aspects in the information security Thank you for working with us today!
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