INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL HISTORY AMSTERDAM ANNUAL REPORT 1975
International Institute of Social History founded in 1935 Annual Report 1975 Printed in The Netherlands by Van Gorcum, Assen
Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis Herengracht 262266, Amsterdam (The Netherlands) tel. 020246671
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Contents A. BOARD AND PERSONNEL 7 1. Board 10 2. Directors 10 3. Staff 10 B. DIRECTORS' REPORT 11 4. Internal organization 11 5. Interuniversity institute 12 6. Finance 12 7. Accommodation 14 8. Acquisitions 15 C. LIBRARY, ARCHIVES AND VISUAL ARCHIVES DEPARTMENT.. 16 9. General 16 10. Library 17 11. Archives 18 12. Visual Archives Department 19 13. Binding and Photographic Departments 19 D. RESEARCH AND OTHER SCHOLARLY ACTIVITIES 20 14. Scholarly work, research programmes and preparation of publications by individual members of staff 20 15. International Review of Social History 23 16. Archives Bakounine 23 17. Publications in cooperation with others 23 18. Publications 24 E. CONTACTS WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS 25 19. Official contacts 25 20. Group visits 27 APPENDICES 29 I. List of current periodicals received 31 II. Archives and collections received 33 III. Subjects studied 40 IV. Countries of origin of foreign visitors 46 V. List of publications 47
A. BOARD AND PERSONNEL Board On December 31, 1975, the Board of the Institute consisted of the following members: Prof. Dr P. de Wolf f, Heemstede, Chairman, representing 'De Centrale' Life Insurance Company, The Hague Prof. Dr Frits de Jong Edz., Amsterdam, Secretary Prof. Dr D. van Arkel, Noordwijk aan Zee, representing the Minister of Education and Sciences, The Hague Sir Isaiah Berlin, Oxford, England Prof. Dr F. van Heek, Markelo, representing the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam Hans Janitschek, London, General Secretary of the Socialist International, London Prof. Dr A. F. Manning, Nijmegen Prof. Dr P. von Oertzen, Hanover Prof. Dr J. H. van Stuyvenberg, Bussum, representing the Netherlands Economie History Archives, Amsterdam Prof. Dr Th. van Tijn, Utrecht R. van der Velde, Amsterdam, representing the City of Amsterdam Prof. Dr W. J. Wieringa, Amsterdam Prof. Dr S. van der Woude, Harlingen, representing the Minister of Education and Sciences, The Hague On the last day covered in this report, the staff of the Institute was as follows: A. Directors Prof. Dr Frits de Jong Edz., director J. R. van der Leeuw, director Ms H. M. van Nederveen, secretary 7
B. Research departments 1 African, Asian and Australian Department: Dr F. Tichelman, research officer Ms A. HammelburgVan Drunen, research assistant 2 Anarchism Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Department: R. de Jong, research officer Ms Th. DuijkerCommijs, research assistant 3 Central European Department: Dr. H.P. Harstick, research officer G. Langkau, research officer J. E. R. C. Rojahn, research officer G. R. van der Ham, research assistant Ms E. R. PhilippiLoewenstein, research assistant 4 East European Department: L. J. van Rossum, research officer Dr Boris Sapir, research officer Ms C. E. Wagenaar, research officer A. Smirnov, research assistant C. A. Spijker, research assistant 5 French, Italian and Israëli Department: T. Haan, research officer 6 Great Britain, Ireland, North American and North European Department: Ms M. W. H. Schreuder, research officer 7 International Organizations and General Department: Ms D. E. Devreese, research officer V. Kahan, research assistant L. E. G. Schwidder, research assistant 8 Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg Department: Ms M. A. H. Campfens, research officer Ms J. M. Welcker. research officer N. D. J. Barnouw, research assistant H. D. Hondius, research assistant Ms M. A. Visser, research assistant 9 Visual Archives Department: W. H. van der Linden, research officer 10 'Archives Bakounine' Department: A. Lehning, editor Ms E. de Graaf, research assistant Ms M. Hunink, research assistant J. Kloosterman, research assistant Ms E. van Daele, secretary 11 'International Review of Social History' Department: F. Kool, research officer A. V. N. van Woerden, research officer Ms F. G. Brinkman, secretary 12 Publication Department: Ch. B. Timmer, research officer 8
C. Library Librarian: R. F. Spoor Binding and restoraüon: J. Halsema Acquisitions: Ms J. A. Hagedorn Ms H. Goudsmit Store: H. J. Buisman Reading Room: Ms M. J. Schreiner Ms A. M. J. IJzermans Classification: A. W. M. Wiarda (head of department) Ms C. M. M. S. Jetten Cataloguing: Ms E. Jongert Ms L. Y. Kist Ms G. H. G. LeurdijkGroen Ms J. G. A. MeijerVan der Vliet C. Ploeg A. C. van Renssen Ms M. T. RutteDe Boer Ms P. T. E. Schaper Ms H. A. van der SlootenAbbas Ms J. H. de VriesWiersum Periodicals: C. C. Berg (head of department) A. Beekhof J. B. Hendriks A. E. Runs W. J. Vooren D. Archives Ms E. M. Koen, archivist Ms A. H. van der Horst, assistant Ms H. P. Huizenga, assistant E. Administration W. Veen, administrator Ms T. RolDavids Photographic Department: P. Besselsen A. G. M. Lambrechts 9
O. J. Salemon Secretaries: Ms E. J. Jellese Ms E. H. J. Moerdijk Maintenance: G. Kabalt G. B. van Rooy F. Secci Canteen: Ms F. GriffioenVan der Eeden A. BOARD AND PERSONNEL 1. Board In the autumn of 1975 Mr R. A. Heyting, who had represented 'De Centrale' Life Insurance Company, The Hague, since December 1974, left the Company and therefore ceased to be a member of the board from that moment. 'The Centrale' will in due course appoint a new representative. Various matters of a general nature were discussed at the Board Meeting of May 15. The Annual Report 1974 was adopted. The question of the transition of the Institute's legal status to that of an 'interuniversity institute' was amply discussed, and with the idea of promoting the issue, the Board decided to approach the State Universities of Utrecht, Leyden and Rotterdam. One member was added to the Institute's Executive Committee, prof. dr J. H. van Stuyvenberg, so that this Committee is now composed of the following members: prof. dr P. de Wolff, Mr R. van der Velde, prof. dr J. H. van Stuyvenberg, prof. dr Fr. de Jong Edz. and Mr J. R. van der Leeuw. The meeting of November 12 was largely devoted to the critical financial situation. this particularly in view of the 1977 budget, which in general lines was drawn up and approved. A further item of discussion was the planned Bakunin exhibition in 1976 and the status of the Institute, this latter point in connection with a report on the issue by the Academie Counsel. 2. Directors The management was in the hands of prof. dr Fr. de Jong Edz. and of Mr J. R. van der Leeuw, the former mainly confining himself to the scholarly aspects of the activities, while Mr Van der Leeuw took responsibility for all matters of finance, organization, staffing, current affairs and everyday management. 3. Staff On December 31 Mr R. F. Spoor, the librarian of the Institute, left in order to take up a post with the General Director 10
ate of Sciences at the Ministry of Education and Sciences. Mr Spoor held the post of librarian for two years. The Institute, while regretting his leaving, wishes him all the best in his new function. The Central European Department also lost one of its officials: At the end of the year dr H.P. Harstick accepted the nomination as professor of history at the Padagogische Hochschule Niedersachsen in Brunswick, GFR. During his ten years as a member of the Institute's research staff Mr Harstick worked for the greater part on research projects concerning Marx and Engels. It is both the Institute's and Mr Harstick's intention that his studies on these subjects, started in Amsterdam, will be crowned by forthcoming book publications. The Institute welcomes the fact that in this way its relations with the German world of scholarship will be continued and strengthened. Apart from those mentioned above the following staff members left the Institute: Mr L. H. M. Reyntjens, Ms S. A. BoontjesRoos and Ms H. J. A. J. A. van SijtveldVerhoeven, who took up employment with the EconomicHistorical Library in Amsterdam and thus will stay in contact with the Institute. Among former staff members of the Institute we mourn the death of Mr W. G. Spiekman who, after he laid down his function as secretarygeneral of the Fédération Internationale des Employés et des Techniciens (FIET), was in the Institute's employment for a period of seven years. Mr Spiekman has earned the gratitude of the Institute for the way he arranged several Dutch Labour Union archives. Up to a short time before his death Mr Spiekman, though retired, continued working on the preparation of indexes to many books in the field of Labour history. His decease means a severe loss to all those who knew hem. In the course of the year the decision was made to come to a slightly changed task division between the research departments: the North European Section will in future be managed by the Great Britain, Ireland and North American Department and no longer by the East European Department. B. DIRECTORS' REPORT 4. Internal organization As a result of the elections held on April 25, the Institute's Council consisted of the following members: P. Besselsen, Ms E. M. Koen, Ms E. H. J. Moerdijk, Ms H. M. van Nederveen, Ms M. A. Visser, Ms C. E. Wagenaar, Ms A. M. J. IJzermans and the four ex officio members, i.e. the two directors, the librarian and the administrator. The 'Internal Regulations' of the Institute were amended in one respect: from May 1976 the Institute's Council will recognize as ex officio members only the two directors. This amendment was brought to the notice of the Board. The Institute's Council met 21 times during the year under report. A great deal of constructive work was done by the vari 11
ous committees appointed by the council and also at the regular meetings of the research staff and those of the technicaladministrative staff members. It can be recorded that the various bodies set up for the purpose of administration and recommendation worked to the benefit of the Institute as a whole and that notwithstanding some clashes on subjects of vital importance, real and positive results could always be booked in the end. It thus appears that the new forms of internal organization now have overcome their growing pains. 5. Interuniversity institute This year again, no positive results could be reached in the endeavours to give the Institute a final legal status. It became apparent that no unanimity could be attained among the university groups interested and engaged in the enterprise. There are two obstacles: first, the modes of financing institutes of this kind (through the Ministry of Education and Sciences directly, or through the intermediary of the Universities, or via both channels) and second the question of how the board of such an institute (within the scope of the socalled 'General Rules') is to be chosen. The main problem in this respect is how to interpret the Law on Administrative Reforms of the Universities, and how to apply this law to interuniversity institutes. The directors continue their efforts to reach an acceptable solution to this intricate problem. 6. Finance Financially speaking the year 1975 was a difficult one. The budget drawn up for the current year was curtailed by the Ministry to such an extent that it became practically impossible to balance the accounts at the end of the year. The tradition that expenditures should be restricted to the minimum, still dating from the times when the Institute was a strictly private enterprise, now came home to roost: there is no room for additional cuts in expenditure; all further curtailing threatens to paralyze the work of the Institute and to leave undone the tasks it is expected to fuif il. The following items in particular led to an overdraft of the budget: the furnishing of two new storage rooms with bookshelves (Dfl. 30,000. ); the transfer of books and archives necessitated by th ; s new arrangement (Dfl. 18,000. ); the exorbitant rise in bookprices and particularly in the costs of periodicalsubscriptions (Dfl. 20,000. ); the unexpected financial deficit in the sale results of the latest volumes in the Russian Series on Social History (Dfl. 30,000. ); and the expenses incurred with the coming of prof. M. M. Seeall and his family from Ch'le to the Netherlands (ca. Dfl. 12,000. ; see Annual Reoort 1974. D. 12). From the above it becomes evident that the deficit for 1975 is mainlv due to incidental causes and circumstances,4hough it must be said that apart from these the regular budget for acquisition is far too small. With an insti 12
tute as ours it is to be expected that every year will bring certain unforeseen heads of expenditure involving considerable sums of money, and also that in the coming years the costs of housing and acquisition will mount more quickly than the price level. As to housing, an important role is played by the tact that the lnstitute is accommodated in an old building with restricted possibilities for expansion; as to acquisition there is above all the fact that the rates of subscription and postage for periodicals increased out of proportion with the consequence that fewer and fewer institutions can afford to send us their publications free of charge. And we did not yet mention the precarious situation of our publication budget (see also p. 24): should the costs of production of books in our field of scholarship continue to rise as they have done so far, then it will not be long before the lnstitute will have to limit its book output to one or two titles a year. The above notwithstanding, the lnstitute wishes to express its gratitude to the Ministry of Education and Sciences in The Hague, which this year again covered all expenses on the Institute's ordinary account. In this connection we wish to mention the fact that the officials of the Ministry exerted themselves to the utmost in helping the lnstitute to solve its financial problems. This year for the first time the lnstitute could benefit from the so called Extra Funds (parkeerartikel) resulting in a supplementary payment for specific projects, and we were authorized to procure an airconditioning system and a callinstallation. For this reason our sincere thanks go to Dr G. Klein, Secretary of State for Education and Sciences, as well as to his assistants, not to forget the officials of the University of Amsterdam, who gave so many evidences of competent cooperation. Expenditure on the ordinary account amounted this year to Dfl. 2,995,054.10 for salaries, social charges and pensions, and Dfl. 694,600.82 for material costs giving a total of Dfl. 3,689,654.92. The Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (ZWO), The Hague, subsidized an amount of Dfl. 238,904.39 for the financing of the Institute's publication project Archives Bakounine and its Russian Series on Social History. As in former years 'De Centrale' Life Insurance Company, The Hague, contributed Dfl. 10,000. to the funds of the Foundation for the Conservation of Materials in the Field of Social History, and the Atran Foundation Inc., New York, likewise gave a subvention of $ 5,000. for the continuation of Dr B. Sapir's work on the Russian Series. In response to the Appeal to private persons, made in the Annual Report of 1972, the Appeal Fund of the lnstitute received this year the following contributions: from N.N. Dfl 479. from Mr E. Schnöll Dfl. 250. from Mr A. A. Rogon Dfl. 35.70 The Board, Directors and Staff of the lnstitute here express their sincere gratitude to all those who this year again gave it 13
their financial support, thereby showing their interest in the Institute's work and welfare. Serious efforts were made in the course of the year to obtain a subvention from the Ford Foundation on behalf of a biography of Theodore Dan, to be written by Dr Boris Sapir. Alas, these efforts failed at the last moment, after we had successfully entered the last round of selection. The financial prospects for the Institute are alarming: the financing of the extension in the premises Herengracht 268, to be realized in the near future, will confront us with new difficulties. And it must be said that the financial consequences of inevitable safety measures to be taken, of the steadily growing arrears in the field of binding, restoration, cataloguing and archive arrangement, cannot be absorbed any longer by a routine growth of the yearly budget figures. A great deal of attention and energy will have to be given to these problems in the years to come. Nonetheless we feel confident that in spite of the difficult economical situation of the country at this moment, a solution to the Institute's most urgent financial problems will be found. 7. Accommodatlon The two large lecturehalls on the fourth floor of the building, vacated by the University of Amsterdam on behalf of the Institute, were allocated to storage: the larger one for the library, the smaller room for archives. For financial reasons only part of the bookstorage room was furnished with bookshelves. Several cabinets had to be built provisionally in this same hall for the use of staff members. It is to be foreseen that the rooms allocated to the storage of books and archives will be fully stacked by the end of 1976. The situation with respect to periodicals is slightly more favourable. The appropriate lodging of personnel in the building is a cause for continuous concern: for two staff members no adequate place was available, they had provisionally to content themselves with a desk in one of the storage rooms. During this year an agreement was reached with the University of Amsterdam, stipulating that by the end of 1976 a further section in the row of buildings presently still occupied by the University of Amsterdam will be made over to the Institute; it concerns that part of the building now occupied by the German Language Section of the University. Consultations are being held on how to use this additional space to the best possible benefit. The problem of adapting an old house along one of the Amsterdam canals to the norms of efficiency, required by an organization as ours, is a very difficult one. At the end of the year we started an investigation into the question of the total requirements of the Institute as to accommodation for a period of twenty years from now on. The main issue is, whether such an accommodation project can be realized within the limits of the present row of buildings, or if it will in the end be necessary to plan a new and modernly equipped building. The present reading room is not suitable for the use of university projectgroups. In the course of the year these groups fre 14
quently made an appeal to the Institute for accommodation. Yet, for that matter, the institute is not even equipped with sufticient personnei to meet these requests. It must go on record that the building is being kept in rather poor repair. Consultations with the authorities concerned, in order to improve the situation, are proceeding laboriously. On the matter of fire protection of the building and its occupants discussions were held with the ProtectionBureau of the University and with the Office for Protection of the Population. Certam suggesuons offered by this last organization resulted in a protection plan. This plan, however, can only gradually be executed, due to the additional cost involved. 8. Acquisitions In the field of acquisitions the year under review was a very fruitful one indeed. The fact that financially it was an extremely difficult year, largely due to the curtailing of the budget for acquistition, indicates that in very many cases these acquisitions were gifts from persons or organizations to the Institute. An extensive list of these gifts and special purchases is given in Appendix II. Below we draw attention to a few of the more spectacular items: Thanks to acquisition trips to Latin America (see par. E 19) by Mr R. de Jong and Ms Th. DuijkerCommijs the Anarchism Spanish, Portuguese and Latin America Department acquired the wellnigh complete archive of the Italian anarchist Luigi Fabbri, parts of the archives of Diego Abad de Santillan and a collection of letters from Ricardo Flores Magón. The Institute next received additional material to the archive of Clara MeyerWichmann, a file concerning Alcoy and copies of documents concerning Christiaan Cornelissen. Mr C. da Fonseca Lopes and Ms D. Meertens were very effective in their acquisition work on behalf of the Institute and collected on the spot a large amount of material on Portugal and Colombia. This year we also received the collectionsegall consisting of some 3,200 books and pamphlets and about 540 titles of periodicals, mainly concerning Latin America. Through the acquisition of all these collections of books and archives a solid foundation was laid for our Latin American Department, which up to recently merely administered smaller collections of heterogeneous origin. Some of the more spectacular acquisitions of the Central European Department were: additional material to the archives Otto Braun, Robert Grimm (the Zimmerwald Movement) and Karl Kautsky as well as copies of the Karl B. Frank collection. The East European Department received: a xerox copy of the first programme of Vpered reproduced illegally in Russia in 1872 without the knowledge of Lavrov; copies of letters by B. N. Ber, a well known menshevik, and his wife written in exile during 19241932; documents supplementing the archives of Woytinsky; a collection of letters, documents, books etc, originating from the archives of V. M. Chernov (on loan); 15
correspondence between G. V. Plekhanov and his wife and letters by them to their daughters. The French, Italian and Israëli Department reports the acquisition of a reprint of La Plebe (18681883), a gift from the son of Enrico Bignami, the founder. This periodical is of importance both for the history of Italian socialism and for the history of the First International. The Great Britain, Ireland, North American and North European Department mentions the acquisition of a microform edition of the National Executive Committee Minutes of the Labour Party, 19271939, published by the Harvester Press. The International Organizations Department again received a part of the archives of the Socialist International, viz. the documents covering the years 19711973. Many valuable acquisitions were made by the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg Department, amongst these an addition to the archive Van Kol, the complete archives of the SDAP (Social Democratie Labour Party) Den Helder branch 18981946 and of the Labour Party, Den Helder branch 19461964, and finally the archive of the Vereniging van Dienstplichtige Militairen (Association of Conscripts) 1966 1971. C. LIBRARY, ARCHIVES AND VISUAL ARCHIVES DEPARTMENT 9. General a. The following figures give an impression of the interest shown in the Institute's collections: Number of visitors 8,385 (1974: 7,626) Number of visitors to the F. Domela Nieuwenhuis Museum 273 (1974: 279) Books consulted in the ReadingRoom 10,307 (1974: 10,164) Books borrowed 1,289 (1974: 1,200) Periodicals consulted in the Reading Room 4,679 (1974: 3,410) Number of items from archives consulted 31,879 (1974: 33,745) Enquiries for books via the (Netherlands) National Union Catalogue 1,754 (1974: 1,549) b. Exhibitions The Institute was consulted and supplied material for the following exhibitions: 1 Visserij Museum, Vlaardingen A matter of Social Justice. On the rise and development of the Fishermen's Labour Union in the Netherlands 18901940. 2 Kunsthal 'Markt 17', Enschede Enschede, Town of Textile Industry. 3 Municipal Exhibition Service of Kruithuis, 'shertogenbosch Posters. 4 Municipal Museum 't Coopmanshüs, Franeker Johan van Heil 18691952. 16
5 Amsterdam Historical Museum Unemployment in the Thirties. c. Television and Theatre It was the Visual Archives Department which was most frequently called upon by programmemakers for advice and documental material. The Institute contributed to the following programmes (theatre, television, film): 1 VARAtelevision: on Ms Van der WalDe Boer. 2 NOS: the decor for a programme of Jaap van der Merwe. 3 Sender Freies Berlin: a film on Ferdinand Lassalle. 4 Activerend Volks Theater (Breda): On Unemployment and Spain. 5 VARAtelevision: Imke Klaver. 6 VARAtelevision: Willem van Iependaal. 7 VPROtelevision: Norbert Elias. 8 VARAtelevision: Quiz two to twelve. 9 NOStelevision: P. J. Troelstra. 10 VARAtelevision: Douwe de Wit. 11 Ronald Schwarz (New York): a film on Alexander Berkman. 12 Norddeutscher Rundfunk: on Anarchism'. 13 Kulturkooperative Ruhr (Dortmund): a play on 'Labour Youth Movement'. 14 Philo Bregstein: a film 'In search of Jewish Amsterdam'. 10. Library a. General Because of its specialized collections of books, pamphlets and periodicals the Library of the Institute is more and more being seen as the international centre of information on the history of labour movements and social history in its broadest sense. In order to keep up its reputation, the library has the primary task to keep its collections uptodate. For this reason the acquisition activities have to be intensified every year. In 1975 the library of the Institute received 18,000 books and pamphlets (1974: 17,000). Of these 13,900 were new titles added to the collections (1974: 14,000). 9,222 items were entered in the library register (1974: 12,300); they entered the library circulation by way of an abbreviated title description. Of the books received, 396 were review copies acquired by the International Review of Social History (1974: 509); 4,544 were new books (1974: 3,790); 636 books were bought secondhand (1974: 729); 231 books were received in exchange (1974: 219). During 1975 the library received 2,139 current periodicals (see p. 32). The number of daily papers remained unchanged. From the collections of weekly papers and monthlies about 200 titles had to be eliminated. Against this there was an increase of around 400 new titles. Good progress was made in opening the collection Latin America for consultation (at present about 9,000 titles, includ 17
ing the collection Segall) thanks to the method of abbreviated title description. Some 5,500 titles were processed in this way, of which 3,000 on stencil. A start was made with the reconstruction of the LavrovGotz collection. All the collections of periodicals received from the Marx Memorial Library, the Public Library of Amsterdam and the AngolaCommittee were made accessible. The First Supplement to the Alphabetical Catalog of the Books and Pamphlets of the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam was published during this year by G. K. Hall & Co., Boston Mass. in two volumes containing over 50,000 new entries. b. Cataloguing I. Books and pamphlets 6,501 books and pamphlets were catalogued (1974: 6,503). II. Periodicals A downpayment from the socalled Extra Funds allowed us to engage two temporary assistants who undertook the task of revising the existing title descriptions. In total 2,500 titles were entered in the catalogue. III. Classification Department Even more than in previous years the two officers of this department were engaged in the manifold tasks of sorting incoming collections of books and pamphlets, their classification, new planning of initiatives in connection with the removal of library sections to newly acquired storage rooms, and finally, in organizational work for the future development of the library. 11. Archives a. General A new assistant could be added to the Archive Department, Ms A. H. van der Horst, whose main task will be the drawing up of inventories to the archives. Another assistant, Mr J. F. B. van Hasselt, could be temporarily engaged for the processing of the archivecollections of the Branches Utrecht and Delft of the SDAP (the Social Democratie Labour Party). In the course of 1975 the Institute received about 165 running metres of archive material (1974: 140 m.). The total holdings of archives now amount to about 2,500 running metres. The microfilming of archives as a security precaution was speeded up once again. The filming of the E. Bernstein archive was completed, also of the archive of the Socialist League and the Minute Books of the SDAP covering the years 18941940 and 19451946. Mr S. P. Dijkstra, officer of the State Archive Inspection paid a visit to the Institute. 18
b. Processing of archives Anarchism Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Department: A start was made with the arrangement of material pertaining to the Spanish Libertarian Movement during the Civil War. Central Europe: The description of the following archives and collections was completed: the Hans Kudlich archives; the Erich Kuttner papers. A beginning was made with the sorting and the arrangement of the collection Kurt Zielenziger. Eastern Europe: Lydia Dan's archives were put in order; the socalled Chernov archives were so organized that they are now accessible for researchers. Great Britain, Ireland, North America and Northern Europe: In connection with microfilming for reasons of security precaution the archive of the Socialist League was rechecked; a few items were added to it. International Organizations: The newly acquired archives were added to the collections. An archive collection pertaining to the First International was provisionally arranged. The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg: The processing of the voluminous SDAP archives was continued, the work however being somewhat hampered by the frequent consultation of its many items by scholars. The incomplete archives of the branches Delft 18971937 and Utrecht 18951938 of the SDAP were arranged and inventoried (see p. 18). Many leaflets of action groups, committees, political parties etc, chiefly from the years 19691975, were classified and registered under the organizations that had published them. 12. Visual Archives Department The large collection of illustrative material from the Soviet Union in the Thirties was arranged. The collections of posters from Austria, Belgium, France and International Organizations have now been inventoried. Alas, no progress could be made in the cardphotoindex of the poster holdings. A start was made with a more systematic acquisition policy for photographic material with the purpose of giving this collection a less haphazard character. Through purchase, gifts or exchange the Department acquired more than 1,400 posters (inclusive duplicates) as well as some 1,200 photographs and caricatures. 13. Binding and Photographic Departments a. Binding Department 19
Figures for this department are: Booksbound 133 (1974: 148) Periodicals bound 23 (1974: 18) Bookssewn 348 (1974: 718) Books and documents restored 252 (1974: 380) Sent out for binding: Books 599 (1974: nihil) Periodicals 733 (1974: 119) b. Photographic Department Figures for this department are: Microfilms (number of frames) 73,130 (1974: 51,960) Photographs and coloured slides 2,470 (1974: 1,000) Photostats and photocopies 156,000 (1974: 141,800) D. RESEARCH AND OTHER SCHOLARLY ACTIVITIES 14. Scholarly work, research programmes and preparation of publications by individual members of staff Ms M.A.H. Campfens In cooperation with Ms J. M. Welcker, Ms Campfens was very active with editorial work on the new series issued by the Institute: 'De Nederlandse Arbeidersbeweging' (The Dutch Labour Movement). The first title in the series, to be started in 1976 by the publishing house Van Gennep, Amsterdam, will be a reprint of: B. Bymholt. Geschiedenis der Arbeidersbeweging in Nederland (History of the Labour Movement in the Netherlands), with a new index and a biographical outline. A great deal of research work had to be done in connection herewith. Ms Campfens acted this year as secretary to the editorial board of the Tijdschrift voor sociale geschiedenis {Journal of Social History), a threemonthly originated from the former 'Mededelingenblad van de Nederlandse Vereniging tot beoefening van de Sociale Geschiedenis' (see Annual Report 1974, p. 21), and published under the auspices of the Institute. Three issues of the journal appeared in 1975. The organizing and editorial work in connection with this new enterprise was very time consuming. Ms D. E. Devreese In September 1975 Ms Devreese published an article in Spiegel Historiael on the relations between the labour movement in the Dutch speaking part of Belgium and in the Netherlands at the time of the First International, under the title: 'De rode GrootNederlandse gedachte' (The red conception of the GreaterNetherlands). On the occasion of the Annual Conference of the IALHI (International Association of Labour History Institutions) in Amsterdam, Ms Devreese read a paper on the establishment of the First International in Belgium. The manuscript of the first part of Documents relatifs aux 20
militants belges de la Première Internationale went to press at the end of the year. Ms Devreese spent much time and energy on organizing and editorial work in connection with the new Journal of Social History. Frits de Jong Edz. Prof. De Jong continued his study on the 'political systern' of the Dutch socialist leader P. J. Troelstra. The group of students of the University of Amsterdam rounded off its field work on this subject. In the course of 1976 publication is due of two large sections of the Troelstra archive and five chapters with commentaries. Prof. De Jong read a paper on the same subject at the opening of the IALHIconference. He also participated in the openingceremony of the 'Amsterdam700' festival year with a short speech on the social history of the city (on January 1, 1975). His study on the AJC (Labour League of Youth) resulted in a speech entitled: 'Renewed Experience the AJC in its cultural, political and pedagogical aspects'. This speech was delivered on January 25. Several manuscripts were offered to prof. De Jong for review and approbation. R. de Jong R. de Jong wrote a paper entitled 'Prepolitical movements in peripheral areas' for the Conference he attended at Campinas, Brazil (see p. 26). He also wrote a foreword to the chapter on Portugal from Max Nettlau's History of Anarchism, to be published in a Portuguese edition. In connection with General Franco's illness and death he published several articles in dailies and weeklies on the situation in Spain at that time (November 1975). In his capacity as 'examiner', R. de Jong advised the Committee of Recommendation of the University of TelAviv on the dissertation of Iaacov Oved 'El Anarquismo en los sindicatos obreros de la Argentina a comienzos del siglo XX (18971905)'. He gave lectures for the Studium Generale of the State University of Groningen on 'Workmen's Home Rule in the Spanish Civil War', and for the University of Tilburg on 'The Actuality of Anarchism'. He also gave lectures as part of a postgraduate course for history teachers. Mr De Jong reviewed several articles for the International Review of Social History. V. Kahan V. Kahan made a study on 'The Communist International 19191943. The personnel of its highest bodies', which will be published in one of the forthcoming numbers of the International Review of Social History. G. Langkau G. Langkau continued his work on the edition of Wilhelm Liebknecht Briefwechsel mit deutschen Sozialdemokraten. At the University of Bochum he read a paper 'Die Internationale ArbeiterAssoziation und der Aufstand der Pariser 21
Commune'. In cooperation with Mrs C. Weill he prepared a number of letters of Rosa Luxemburg for publication in the International Review of Social History. J. R. van der Leeuw J. R. van der Leeuw read several lectures as part of a postgraduate course for history teachers on the first phase of the Cold War and on the crisis of the Communist International. He also gave a lecture at the RuhrUniversity of Bochum on developments in international socialism in the years 19141923 and one at the University of Munster on the same subject. J. Rojahn J. Rojahn continued his work on the two projects mentioned in the Annual Report for 1974 (edition of Wilhelm Liebknecht's correspondence with socialists abroad, and a study on the history of the Polish Socialist Party in the 1890's). For the Studia Filozoficzne, Warsaw, he prepared some critical remarks on the book of St. Piekarczyk, HistoriaKulturaPoznanie (HistoryCultureKnowledge), Warsaw 1973, concerning the problem of 'mathematization' of history (sinee published in Studia Filozoficzne, 1976, nr. 1, pp. 141150). He also wrote an article 'Die Marxschen Manuskripte von 1844 im Licht der historischen Quellenkritik' for the International Review of Social History. Boris Sapir The second publication in the 'Russian Series on Social History' was dated 1974. In fact, it was published in 1975, and several weeks of that year were needed to prepare the Index of proper names and of periodicals referred to in the book. As soon as this task was accomplished, the gathering of documents to be included in the next issues of the 'Series' as well as of data for their annotation was started. Our Schedule calls for two publications which, for obvious reasons, are being prepared simultaneously, namely Lydia Dan's Papers and Letters by Theodore Dan 18991946. This work requires examination of an immense number of letters and documents in the archives of Axelrod, Kautsky, Potresov, of the Socialist International and, of course, of L. and Th. Dan themselves. Mr A. Smirnov was helping Boris Sapir in his endeavours. Ms M. W. H. Schreuder Scholarly activities were limited to research work done in connection with the many articles offered for publication in the Review, as well as to the writing of several book reviews for the 'Bibliography'. F. Tichelman F. Tichelman completed his doctoral dissertation Stagnatie en beweging. Sociaalhistorische beschouwingen over Java en Indonesië in Aziatisch verband. He took his degree on December 16. The book, to be published in the English language, is an enlarged version of what originally was a chapter of the Introduction to a sourcepublication on the Indonesian Social Democratic Association 19141918, part I. 22
Ms J. M. Wekker Although her function as secretary of the NVSG (Dutch Association for the Study of Social History) took up most of heispare time, Ms Welcker continued work on her doetoral dissertation. She wrote an article on the International Institute of Social History for the Journal of Social History on the occasion of its fortieth anniversary. Ms Welcker also did a great deal of editorial work for the new series 'The Dutch Labour Movement', issued by the Institute (see p. 20). 15. International Review of Social History The Editorial Board was confronted with a sad and serious problem when on July 15 its editorial adviser Frits Kool was struck by a heartattack which counted him out for a period lasting until the end of November. The finding of a substitute at such short notice was naturally out of the question. However, by extra efforts and exertion of the editorial secretary, assisted by several of the coeditors, the regular publication Schedule of the Review could be maintained and its appearance safeguarded for the first half of 1976 as well, although with some shifting in the emphasis to the disadvantage of the 'Bibliography'. The three issues of the Review during the current year contain 15 articles and one contribution to the section 'Documents'. Due to the above mentioned extraordinary circumstances only 372 books could be reviewed. During the year 58 manuscripts were offered for publication to the editorial board. Only about one fourth of these were found to be suitable for publication, with or without extensive alterations in the texts. 16. Archives Bakounine Mr A. Lehning and his staff completed work on the main part of volume VI of the Archives Bakounine. This volume will bear the title Michel Bakounine sur la guerre francoallemande et la révolution sociale en France, 18701871. The Editions Champ Libre in Paris published as vol. 3 of Bakunin's Oeuvres complètes a reprint of volume II of the Archives Bakounine: Michel Bakounine et les conflits dans l'lnternationale, 1872. 17. Publications in cooperation with others Prof. K. Koszyk (Dortmund) and prof. K. Obermann (Berlin East) visited the Institute in order to go through the final proofs of their publication Zeitgenossen von Marx und Engels. Ausgewahlte Briefe 18441852. The book appeared at the end of the year. Ch. B. Timmer composed the Index on proper names and periodicals. Prof. B. A. Sijes completed the Introduction to his book Correspondence and Documents of Anton Pannekoek. In coop 23
eration with Mr M. A. Boekelman he composed an extensive bibliography of Anton Pannekoek's writings. The work is expected to be ready for the printers toward the end of 1976. The NVSG (Dutch Association for the Study of Social History) started the publication of its journal Tijdschrift voor sociale geschiedenis under the auspices of the IISG (see p. 20). 18. Publications During the year under report the sale results of some of the Institute's book publications, above all those of the 'Russian Series on Social History' stayed far below our expectations. The disappointing results are mainly due to 1) a shrinking market due to the relatively high price of the books, 2) reduced budgets for many libraries and institutions and thus less available funds for acquisition, and 3) the limited sales potential caused by the circumstance that the books are written in the Russian language. The often very favourable reviews in professional journals could not do enough to stimulate the sale. As there exists a direct connection between the Institute's investments in the 'Russian Series' and the sale results of these titles, a serious financial problem arose: the Institute's subventions to the publishers exceed the estimates made several years eariier. The direct consequence is that some of the new projects needing the financial support of the Institute probably will have to be shelved for some time to come. As vol. VI in the series 'Quellen und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der deutschen und österreichischen Arbeiterbewegung Neue Folge' appeared: Kurt Koszyk und Karl Obermann, Zeitgenossen von Marx und Engels. Ausgewahlte Brief e 18441852. The socalled 'Rahmenvertrag' (Overheadcontract) with Herder & Herder, Frankfurt/M (see Annual Report 1974, p. 25) was taken over by Campus Verlag, Frankfurt/M. The first title in the new series of the Institute 'Quellen und Studiën zur Sozialgeschichte', to be issued by Campus Verlag, will be the work by prof. dr H.P, Harstick: Karl Marx über Formen vorkapitalistischer Produktion. Production started in November 1975 and the book will appear in the course of 1976. A second title projected in this series is Ursula LangkauAlex, 'Volksfront für Deutschland? Vorgeschichte und Gründung des "Ausschusses zur Vorbereitung einer deutschen Volksfront" 19331936', of which the manuscript is ready to go to press. The contaots with the Harvester Press, Hassock (Sussex) were Consolidated. The Harvester Press is interested in bringing socalled 'microform' editions or reprints of archive and printed material from the Institute's holdings. For the Institute these publications may yield financial benefits of some kind. An 'overheadagreement' was drawn up with the Harvester Press, stipulating a 15 /o royalty to the Institute per copy sold on the listprice of titles to be reproduced in this way. A start was made this year with the 'Owenite Minute Books'. In the new Dutch series 'The Dutch Labour movement' a first title went to press: B. Bymholt. Geschiedenis der Arbeidersbe 24
weging in Nederland, a reprint of the edition of 1894. This year again Mr Ch. B. Timmer headed the Publication Department of the Institute. The survey given below lists books published in 1975 and manuscripts ready <to go to press or at the printers. a. Books that appeared in 1975 1 Kurt Koszyk und Karl Obermann. Zeitgenossen von Marx und Engels, Ausgewahlte Briefe aus den Jahren 1844 bis 1852. (Quellen und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der deutschen und österreichischen Arbeiterbewegung Neue Folge). Assen, Van Gorcum & Comp., 1975. XX, 459 pp. with index. b. Manuscripts ready to go to press or at the printers 1 D. E. Devreese. Documents relatifs aux militants belges de la Première Internationale, vol. I. 2 HansPeter Harstick. Karl Marx über Formen vorkapitalistischer Produktion. Bd. I. Vergleichende Studiën zur Geschichte des Grundeigentums (18791880). 3 Ursula LangkauAlex. Volksfront für Deutschland? Vorgeschichte und Gründung des 'Ausschusses zur Vorbereitung einer deutschen Volksfront' 19331936. 4 A. Lehning. Michel Bakounine sur la guerre francoallemande et la révolution sociale en France, 18701871. (Archives Bakounine. Vol. VI). 5 M. Mervaud. Nicolas Ogarev. Lettres inédites a Alexandre Herzen fils. 6 W. H. Roobol. Tsereteli A Democrat in the Russian Révolution. A Political Biography. E. CONTACTS WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS 19. Official contacts From 18 to 21 June 1975 the yearly Conference of the International Association of Labour History Institutions was held in the Institute, which acted as host. Present were delegations of fifteen sisterinstitutions. A rather large number of representatives of the Institute participated in the proceedings of the meeting. The opening address was spoken by prof. dr P. de Wolff, chairman of the Institute's board, then prof. dr Fr. de Jong Edz. read a paper on 'Pieter Jelles Troelstra and his political system'. Ms D. E. Devreese contributed with a discourse on 'The Establishment of the First International in Belgium' and dr H.P. Harstick spoke on the subject 'Zur Genesis des Marxschen Geschichtsverstandnisses im Lichte neuer Quellen'. Excursions were organized to the NVV (Netherlands' Trade Union Congress) and the Labour Party's offices. It goes without saying that the organization of this international gathering entailed a great deal of extra work for the Institute's staff. This year again three groups of scholars of the Institutes of 25
marxismleninism, Moscow and Berlin, visited the Institute for preparatory work in connection with the MEGAproject (the new edition of the MarxEngels collected works). Among the visitors were prof. B. A. Rudyak and V. V. Anikeyev (Moscow). In December the Institute welcomed Ms I. Kurbatova, head of the Dom Plekhanova, Leningrad. Through the agency of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs we received a representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria on March 20. Through the same agency a visit was arranged (on October 9) for a group of journalists from Poland, who wanted to get acquainted with the Institute's history and its objectives. Prof. Fr. de Jong Edz. and Mr J. Rojahn represented the Institute at the eleventh 'Internationale Tagung der Historiker der Arbeiterbewegung' at Linz, Austria (913 September). J. R. van der Leeuw represented the IISG at the 14th International Congress of Historians in San Francisco (2229 August), and at the meeting of the Commission Internationale de 1'histoire des mouvements sociaux et des structures sociales, held on that occasion. From July 14 to July 19 the Centro de Estudios Historicos del Movimiento Obrero Mexicano, Mexico D.F. organized an international conference on 'institutional and methodological experiences in the study of the history of the Labour Movement'. The Institute was represented by Ms Th. Duijker Commijs, who read an introductory paper on the history, activities and objectives of the IISG. After the conference a visit was paid to several (ex)activists among these many Spaniards living in exile in Mexico as well as to institutions as the Universidad Obrera de Mexico 'Vicente Lombardo Toledano', to publishing houses and booksellers, both in Mexico and in Guatemala. Dr H.P. Harstick represented the Institute at the opening of the new storage rooms for archives of the Forschungsinstitut der FriedrichEbertStiftung in Bonn (October 14). Following an invitation of the Universidade Estadual 'Unicamp' at Campinas, Brazil, Mr R. de Jong in May attended the fourday conference of the University on the subject of 'History and Social Change'. At the conference he read a paper on 'Prepolitical movements in Peripheral Areas: some remarks on the Libertarian Conception of Social Change'. With 'Unicamp', where the collection 'Leuenroth' is located, certain arrangements were made for an exchange of microfilms of periodicals. In Sao Paulo R. de Jong visited amongst others the Centro Brasileiro de Analise e Planejamento (CEBRAP). In Uruguay he paid a visit to several Spaniards in exile and in Montevideo to prof. Luce FabbriCressati, daughter of the prominent Italian anarchist Luigi Fabbri. R. de Jong then travelled to Buenos Aires, Argentine, where he visited institutions as the Instituto de Ciencias Sociales. Both in Campinas, Sao Paolo, Montevideo and in Buenos Aires he read introductory papers on the IISG. Thanks to the many contacts established or Consolidated with publishers, bookdealers, (ex)activists and others, he received a large quantity of printed material among these a few rare items partly as gifts, partly at cost price. 26
Mr. J. Kloosterman of the Bakunin Department visited Budapest in the autumn of the year, where he made some contacts useful to the forthcoming volumes of the Archives Bakounine. Mr A. Lehning visited Berlin (East), where he held conversations with members of the Akademie der Wissenschaften on the subject of archives pertaining to M. Bakunin, now in custody with DDR institutions. In Switzerland he visited the Schweizerisches Sozialarchiv in Zürich and the Herwegh Museum at Liestal with a view to additional relevant material on Bakunin, held by these institutions. For the edition of the VIth volume of the Archives Bakounine Mr Lehning worked for a lengthy period in the Archives départementales du Rhöne, the Archives municipales and the Bibliothèque de la Ville, all three in Lyon, France. On October 29 he read a paper on Bakunin for the Studium Generale of the Roman Catholic University of Tilburg. 20. Group visits A group of politicologists of the Amsterdam Free University led by dr G. van Roon. visited the Institute on March 13; prof. dr Fr. de Jong Edz. and Mr R. de Jong gave introductory talks to this group. On March 18 an excursion to the Institute was arranged of a group of new staff members of the University of Amsterdam. Ms J. M. Welcker and Mr J. R. van der Leeuw gave introductory talks for a group of students of the University of Tilburg, led by dr F. J. M. van Puijenbroek (on April 17). On April 24 our Institute was visited by a group of secondary school students from Bremen (BRD). A group of 30 students from the Institute for Historical Research of the University of Aarhus (Denmark) led by dr Jens Engberg visited the Institute on September 29. At this meeting dr H.P. Harstick read a paper on Karl Marx. From 1721 November some ten students of the Universitat Bremen organized a week's study at the Institute, led by prof. dr H.J. Steinberg. A group of research officers of the Westfalische WilhelmsUniversitat, Munster, led by prof. dr M. Hellmann visited the Institute on November 25. 27